Assessment 3: Environmental

Question 1

Attrition 1 - US /ARVN escalation

Answer 1

following the Gulf of Tonkin incident and VC attack on Pleiku air base, General William Westmoreland adopted Attrition warfare

Question 2

Attrition 2: (Bernie Howitt, 2019)

Answer 2

incessant belligerent attacks, weaken morale through destruction, success measured in number of bombing raids and dead bodies

Question 3

Attrition 3: SOURCE

Answer 3

MACV report outlines attrition as “unremitting applications of US air and naval power designed progressively to curtail North Vietnams war-making capacity”

Question 4

North : bombing - operations

Answer 4

Rolling Thunder (65-68) and Linebacker 1 and 2 (1972)

Question 5

North: Bombing - Westing 1983

Answer 5

100,000 ha completely obliterated, 5 million damaged, over 40% of forests

Question 6

North : Bombing Karnow

Answer 6

The Americans thought the more bombs they dropped, the quicker we would fall to our knees and surrender

Question 7

South: Chemical Defoliants - VC used forests

Answer 7

to conceal movements and infiltrate south and guerilla fire support bases

Question 8

South: Chemical Defoliants - US used

Answer 8

agent orange and Napalm to strip foliage and deny

Question 9

South: Chemical Defoliants - tully source

Answer 9

100,000 tons sprayed, 44% of forest wealth