Assessment 2 2016

Question 1

Scientific Method

Answer 1

1. Identify the problem
2. Make a hypothesis
3. Research the problem
4. Test the hypothesis
5. Observe and record

Question 2

Metals

Answer 2

Properties: Solid, shiny, melting point high, Dense malleable ductile and conduct electricity

Examples: Zinc (Zn), Copper (Cu), Silver (Ag)

Question 3

Non-Metals

Answer 3

Properties: Solid, liquid or gas, dull, low melting point. Brittle, poor conduct of electricity.

Examples: Fluorine (F), Phosphorus (P), Iodine (I)

Question 4

Elements

Answer 4

Elements are substances that can NOT be broken down into a simpler substance.

Examples: iron, copper, gold

Question 5

Compounds

Answer 5

The different combinations that atoms can form are know as COMPOUNDS.

Question 6

Types of Matter

Answer 6

Elements and Compounds

Example:

Common Name Scientific Name

Oxygen Oxygen
Ozone Ozone
Table salt Sodium chloride

Question 7

Solutions

Answer 7

The most common type of mixture.

Formed when one substance (solute) dissolves in another (solvent). Solute does NOT disappear when it dissolves (it’s still in the solution.

Solution Solute Solvent Uses

Soda water Carbon Water Preparing
dioxide (Liquid) Soft drink
(Gas)

Question 8

Separations

Decantation

Answer 8

Simple method used to separate suspensions.

Suspensions is left long enough to sink to the bottom of a container.

Liquid above the sediment is poured into another container.

Example: Decanting sand and water

Question 9

Separations

Evaporation

Answer 9

Is when a liquid becomes a gas.

Heating a liquid that contains salt until only salt remains

Question 10

Separations

Filtration

Answer 10

Separating insoluble substances

Tea bags, fly screen

Question 11

Separations

Chromatography

Answer 11

Separating small amounts of substances from mixtures by rates of which they move

To find out alcohol in blood levels

Question 12

Separations

Distillation

Answer 12

Separating the substance from a liquid mixture using evaporation and condensation

Question 13

Separations

Crystallisation

Answer 13

It is a solid-liquid separation technique

Question 14

What are the 7 steps for Scientific Investigationh

Answer 14

1. State the problem (aim)
2. Research (background information)
3. Hypothesis
4. Design and experiment
5. Test your Hypothesis
6. Analysis (results)
7. Conclusion (discussion)

Question 15

What are the 5 types of graphs

Answer 15

Pie Charts

Divided Bar Graphs

Column Graphs and Bar Graphs

Histograms

Line Graphs

Question 16

Mixture

Answer 16

Is an impure combination of elements and compounds that are physically combined and can therefore be separated.

Sea water, soil, air

Question 17

Light Energy

Answer 17

This energy from sources such as the sun, coal-fired electrical lights and fire.

Kinetic (moving)

Question 18

Electrical Energy

Answer 18

From coal and other fossil fuels, torch, batteries, wind turbines

Question 19

Heat Energy

Answer 19

Sources include sun, fire,wood and gas

Question 20

Kinetic

Answer 20

Moving energy - walking,running, swimming

Question 21

Sound energy

Answer 21

Vibrations

Question 22

Chemical potential energy

Answer 22

Is stored energy that is waiting to be released.

Petrol and LPG store chemical energy and release it so quickly that it could explode.

Food releases its energy more slowly.

Question 23

Nuclear/atomic energy

Answer 23

Nuclear energy is stored in the nucleus of the atom. It can be released in a nuclear explosion. Nuclear explosions are continually happening in the sun and stars.

Question 24

Elastic potential energy

Answer 24

Is the energy stored in a stretched spring or elastic band. Compressed springs store elastic potential energy too.

Question 25

Gravitational potential energy

Answer 25

Is the energy that an object has when it is at a height above the ground. The higher an object is, the more gravitational potential energy the object is.