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Unit 22: Environmental Issues and the Real Estate Transaction > assessment > Flashcards

assessment Flashcards

1
Q

a highly friable mineral commonly used as insulation prior to being banned from use in construction as of 1978

A

asbestos

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2
Q

the process of selling off disintegrating asbestos and chipped or peeling lead based paint without removing it

A

encapsulation

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3
Q

a material once used in paint that can cause serious brain and nervous system damage

A

lead

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4
Q

a radioactive gas produced by the natural decay of other radioactive substances

A

radon

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5
Q

chemical used in foam insulation and certain wood products that can release harmful gases

A

urea formaldehyde

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6
Q

the process used to extract natural gas from the layers of rock in which it is embedded

A

hydraulic fracturing

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7
Q

the natural level at which the ground is saturated

A

water table

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8
Q

a site for the burial of waste

A

landfill

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9
Q

the process of covering a solid waste site with topsoil and plants

A

capping

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10
Q

money set aside by the comprehensive environmental response, compensation, and liability act to pay for the cleanup of uncontrolled hazardous waste sites and spills

A

superfund

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11
Q

the environmental protection agency estimates that approximately ___ commercial and public buildings have asbestos containing materials

A

733,000

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12
Q

asbestos removal is a dangerous, expensive process that can be performed only by ___ under ___.

A

trained & licensed technicians
controlled conditions

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13
Q

under the 1996 final regulations published by the environmental protection agency called the lead based paint hazard reduction act (LBPHRA), owners of homes built prior to 1978 are not required to test their properties for the presence of ___. Instead, they must complete a(n) ___ for potential buyers and renters

A

lead-based paint
lead-based paint disclosure statement

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14
Q

___ is a naturally occurring substance that is suspected of being a cause of lung cancer

A

radon

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15
Q

___ insulation can release harmful gases

A

urea-formaldehyde foam

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16
Q

___ based products can create airborne contaminants that may result in respiratory diseases

A

asbestos

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17
Q

___ is water that lies under the earth’s surface

A

groundwater

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18
Q

federal regulations on underground storage tanks do not apply to tanks used to collect ___ or ___

A

storm water
waste water

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19
Q

the process of laying 2 to 4 feet of soil over the top of a landfill site and then planting foliage to prevent erosion is called ___

A

capping

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20
Q

___ consists of a fan installed in a pipe running from the basement to the attic to draw radon up and out of the building

A

radon mitigation

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21
Q

___ can become contaminated when the earth’s natural filtering systems are inadequate to ensure clean water. buyers of homes with ___ should have the water tested.

A

groundwater
private wells

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22
Q

Real estate professionals should inform buyers of the need to ask and discover for themselves and not rely on ___ as warranties or guarantees. Sellers also need to fully ___ problems of which they are aware.

A

disclosure forms
disclose

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23
Q

although the EPA has published guidelines for the remediation and/or cleanup of mold and moisture problems in schools and commercial buildings, there are no federal requirements governing ___ of mold contamination.

A

disclosure

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24
Q

because ___ deplete the ozone layer of the earth, there is concern about their release. consumers should be aware of the types of appliances, such as refrigerators and air conditioners, which may contain this chemical so that they can be disposed of safely

A

CFCs

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25
Q

the superfund amendments and reauthorization act created a(n) “___” immunity status

A

innocent owner

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26
Q

asbestos is most harmful when it is ___ or ___

A

disturbed or exposed

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27
Q

In homes, the most-likely sources of ___ are pressed wood products such as particle board

A

formaldehyde emissions

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28
Q

possible causes of ___ can be roof leaks, unvented combustion appliances, and gutters that direct water to the building

A

mold problems

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29
Q

strict liability under the superfund means that the ___ is responsible to the injured party without excuse

A

owner

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30
Q

to protect against liability due to ___, real estate professionals should ask sellers about leaks, flooding, and prior damage

A

mold contamination

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31
Q

formaldehyde is classified as a probable ___

A

human carcinogen

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32
Q

the EPA now requires that landlords disclose known information on ___ and ____ before leases take effect`

A

lead paint
hazards

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33
Q

a seller accepts an offer on a home that was built in 1892. if the buyer requests a lead based paint inspection, the buyer has ___ days in which to obtain one at the buyer’s expense

A

10

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34
Q

where in the USA does radon occur?

A

All states

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35
Q

Which of these has been proven to pose a health hazard?
a) radon
b) asbestos
c) lead paint
d) all of the above

A

All of the above

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36
Q

asbestos, lead paint, and radon have all been proven to pose a(n) ___

A

health hazard

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37
Q

Hannah stores toxic chemical waste in a large steel tank that has only 15% of its volume underground. John lives in the wilderness and has a gas pump connected to a 1500 gallon tank of gasoline buried 10 feet underground near the garage. Lauren keeps 3 large tanks filled with formaldehyde and battery acid in the basement. Which of these property owners are covered by federal regulations regarding USTs?

A

Hannah and John

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38
Q

Who is responsible for administering the superfund?

A

EPA

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39
Q

If the owner had only constructive knowledge of the damage, they would be disqualified from claiming ___ immunity under the superfund amendments and reauthorization act

A

innocent landowner

40
Q

if a potentially responsible party refuses to pay the expenses of cleaning up a toxic site, the EPA may bring a(n) ___ and be awarded ____ times the actual cost of cleanup

A

civil action
3 times

41
Q

sealing off asbestos instead of removing it

A

encapsulation

42
Q

lead based paint is found in about ___% of all private housing built before ___.

A

75%
1978

43
Q

___ is the byproduct of fuel combustion that may result in death if such equipment is not properly vented

A

carbon monoxide

44
Q

at least how much of a tank must be underground for it to be considered an underground storage tank?

A

10%

45
Q

How can property owners help avoid carbon monoxide exposure?

A

have fuel burning heating systems checked and maintained annually

46
Q

Caulking compounds are a source of ___

A

polychlorinated biphenyls

47
Q

Which of these is a source of polychlorinated biphenyls?
a) plywood & particle board
b) small home appliances such as hair dryers or food processors
c) caulking compounds
d) computers

A

caulking compounds

48
Q

___ is a serious environmental problem in buildings because it destroys material as it grows on and causes health problems for occupants

A

mold

49
Q

the purpose of the brownfields law enacted in 2002 was that it distributes funds to clean up ___ so they can be restored to productive use

A

polluted industrial sites

50
Q

What causes mold problems in buildings?

A

Chronic moisture problems

51
Q

Gas created by the decay of radioactive elements

A

radon

52
Q

To protect against this substance, IL requires detectors in residence

A

carbon monoxide

53
Q

___ can be corrected by encapsulation

A

asbestos

54
Q

___ is created by incomplete combustion

A

carbon monoxide

55
Q

Asbestos is a mineral used in ___ and ___

A

insulation
other products

56
Q

___ is measured in pCi/L

A

radon

57
Q

Moisture encourages ___

A

mold growth

58
Q

___ encourages mold growth

A

moisture

59
Q

Real estate licensees are expected to be aware of ___ even though such issues are outside of their scope of training

A

environmental issues

60
Q

if a moisture problem is not discovered or addressed, ___ can eventually destroy what it is growing on

A

mold growth

61
Q

if a(n) ___ is not discovered or addressed, mold growth can eventually destroy what it is growing on

A

moisture problem

62
Q

Real estate licensees are expected to be aware of ___ and must practice proper ___, encouraging buyer clients to seek outside expertise for testing & information whenever appropriate

A

environmental issues
disclosure

63
Q

Real estate licensees are expected to be aware of environmental issues and must practice proper disclosure, encouraging buyer clients to seek outside expertise for ___ & ___ whenever appropriate

A

testing & information

64
Q

the water that exists under the earth’s surface within the tiny spaces or crevices in geological formations

A

groundwater

65
Q

___ are commonly found on sites where petroleum products are used or where gas stations and auto repair shops are located.

A

USTs

66
Q

USTs are commonly found on sites where ___ are used or where ___ and ___ are located.

A

petroleum products
gas stations and auto repair shops

67
Q

Neglected ___ may leak hazardous substances into the environment, permitting contaminants to pollute not only the soil surrounding it but also adjacent parcels and groundwater

A

USTs

68
Q

___ is often performed on a property to show that due care was exercised in determining whether any environmental impairments exist

A

environmental site assessment

69
Q

real estate licensees must be aware of ___ from both the subject property and neighboring properties, otherwise they may be held liable for improper disclosure.

A

potential environmental risks

70
Q

real estate licensees must be aware of potential environmental risks from both the subject property and neighboring properties, otherwise they may be held liable for ___

A

improper disclosure.

71
Q

natural level at which the ground is saturated

A

water table

72
Q

the process of creating a(n) ___ involves waste and topsoil being layered in a pit, mounded up, and then covered with dirt and plants

A

landfill site

73
Q

asbestos poses a risk due to particles or fibers in the ___

A

air

74
Q

___ is an environmental hazard that poses a risk due to particles or fibers in the air

A

asbestos

75
Q

asbestos is most dangerous when it…

A

crumbles and becomes airborne

76
Q

a real estate licensee showed a pre-WWI house to a prospective buyer. the buyer has 2 toddlers and is worried about potential health hazards. This is because the house was built before ___, so it is likely that ___ is present.

A

1978
lead-based paint

77
Q

the removal of asbestos can cause…

A

further contamination of a building

78
Q

in regulations regarding lead based paint, HUD requires that…

A

known paint hazards be disclosed

79
Q

___ is a method of sealing disintegrating asbestos

A

encapsulation

80
Q

encapsulation is a method of…

A

sealing disintegrating asbestos

81
Q

liability under CERCLA is ___, ___, and ___

A

strict
joint & several
retroactive

82
Q

mold and mildew found in the home fall under which category of pollutants?

A

biological

83
Q

which of these is NOT proven to pose a health hazard?
a) carbon monoxide
b) asbestos fibers
c) electromagnetic fields
d) lead based paint

A

electromagnetic fields

84
Q

the agency primarily responsible for protecting IL natural resources against pollution and other hazards

A

IL Environmental Protection Agency (IEPA)

85
Q

which of the following are exempt from radon disclosure under the IL Radon Awareness Act?
a) transfers between neighbors
b) properties with 6+ units
c) transfers between co-owners
d) residential rentals, if radon has been detected and remediated in the past

A

transfers between co-owners

86
Q

which of these is NOT exempt from disclosure regulations of the residential lead based paint hazard reduction act?
a) residences for disabled
b) senior housing
c) studio apartments where living area is not separated from sleeping area
d) duplex built before 1978

A

duplex built before 1978

87
Q

a method of sealing of disintegrating asbestos

A

encapsulation

88
Q

environmental regulations in IL are ___ to federal regulations

A

substantially equivalent

89
Q

real estate licensees need to be aware of potential ___ sources

A

underground water contamination

90
Q

___ concerning water supply have been enacted

A

protective state & federal laws

91
Q

any ___ of underground water can threaten the supply of pure, clean water from private wells and public water systems

A

contamination

92
Q

any contamination of underground water can threaten the supply of __, ___ from ___ and ___

A

pure, clean water
private wells
public sewer systems

93
Q

underground water contamination is a(n) ___ problem in the USA

A

major

94
Q

radon poses the greatest potential health risk to humans when it is ___ and ____ in ___

A

trapped and concentrates
inadequately ventilated areas

95
Q

which segment of the population is most likely to obtain lead poisoning from paint?

A

children

96
Q

the residential lead based paint hazard reduction act establishes procedures for disclosing presence of lead in ___ properties built before ___

A

residential
1978

Unit 22: Environmental Issues and the Real Estate Transaction (5 decks)

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