Assessment

Question 1

What is the purpose of assessment in early intervention?

Answer 1

Collect developmental data​

Identify the priorities, concerns, and resources of the family​

Determine eligibility for EI services​

Synthesize a plan for intervention​

Enlist the caregivers’ collaboration in intervention​

Monitor progress

Question 2

Evaluation vs. assessment

Answer 2

Evaluation: structured, formal, can determine eligibility​

Assessment: ongoing process of identifying a child’s needs, the family’s priorities/concerns, and the EI services needed

Question 3

Play-based assessment

Answer 3

Structured play (not sit back and see what the kid does)​

Might attempt to elicit certain behaviors (imitation, reaching, gestures, etc)​

Question 4

Functional equivalence

Answer 4

A child learns that screaming, pointing, saying “wrong” word, will get them what they want

Question 5

Presymbolic behaviors

Answer 5

Receptive language​

Gesture use​

Joint attention​

Consonant inventory​

Vocalizations​

Symbolic play

Question 6

How to preverbal children express their intents?

Answer 6

Reflexively: crying, smiling, facial expressions​

Intentionally:​ Pointing, reaching, eye contact​, joint attention​, gestures, imitation

Question 7

Joint attention

Answer 7

Ability to coordinate own and other’s attention on an object​

Basic skill for social context of language learning

Question 8

Conventional gestures

Answer 8

waving bye-bye (8-9 months)

Question 9

Requesting gestures

Answer 9

7-13 months

Question 10

Deictic

Answer 10

pointing (9-10 months)

Question 11

Symbolic/representational

Answer 11

holding hand to ear to mean “phone”, itsy bitsy spider (12-18 months)

Question 12

Giving gestures

Answer 12

(10-13 months)

Question 13

Why do we want to encourage the use of gestures?

Answer 13

Intentional communication is thought to emerge from gestures, which predicts the emergence of first words, later vocabulary, and later language skill

Question 14

Why would play help language to develop?

Answer 14

Exposure to new vocab and gestures, language modeling, involves social interaction, introducing new concepts

Question 15

Deictic gestures ​

Answer 15

(10 months) - showing, giving, pointing ​

Question 16

Ritualized requests

Answer 16

(9-13 months) – requesting by reaching with an open and closed grasping motion​

Question 17

Play schemes

Answer 17

(12 months) – actions carried out on an object that demonstrate the object’s function (e.g. drinking out of a toy cup) ​

Question 18

Iconic gestures

Answer 18

(develop before a child has acquired 25 words) – illustrating an aspect of the item or action they represent (e.g. blowing to indicate bubbles, flapping one’s arms to represent a bird). Some iconic gestures are culturally defined, such as waving to greet.

Question 19

Gesture + speech combinations

Answer 19

(18 months) – labelling or commenting

Question 20

How can you assess comprehension?

Answer 20

Test verbs
ex. throw it, pat it, hug it

Question 21

How can you assess comprehension if child cannot understand just words?

Answer 21

If child cannot understand with just words, add gestures or eye gaze to determine whether child is using early comprehension strategies.

Question 22

Assessment of comprehension if child can understand 5 nouns, 3-5 verbs?

Answer 22

Test 2 word combinations
ex. kiss the apple, hug the shoe, push the baby