Assessment

Question 1

Durnin-Womersley Four-Site Measurement

Answer 1

& Men & Women: Biceps, triceps, subscapular, and suprailiac

Question 2

Lower crossed syndrome

Answer 2

overactive muscles:
Hip flexors
Lumbar extensors (low-back muscles)

underactive muscles:
Gluteus maximus and medius
Hamstring complex
Abdominals

Question 3

Upper crossed syndrome

Answer 3

overactive muscles:
Pectoralis major and minor (chest muscles)
Levator scapula and sternocleidomastoid (neck muscles)
Upper trapezius

underactive muscles:
Middle and lower trapezius, rhomboids (mid-back muscles)
Deep cervical flexors (muscle deep within the neck)

Question 4

Feet turn out

Answer 4

Overactive:
Gastrocnemius/soleus (calves)
Hamstrings complex

Underactive:
Anterior and posterior tibialis (shin muscles)
Gluteus maximus and medius

Question 5

Knees cave in

Answer 5

Overactive:
Tensor fascia latae (TFL)(muscle near front of hip)
Adductor complex (inner thigh muscles)

Underactive:
Gluteus maximus and medius
Anterior and posterior tibialis

Question 6

Low-back arches

Answer 6

Overactive:
Hip flexors (rectus femoris, psoas, TFL)
Lumbar extensors (low-back muscles)
Latissimus dorsi (large back muscle)

Underactive:
Gluteus maximus
Hamstrings complex
Abdominals

Question 7

Excessive forward trunk lean

Answer 7

Overactive:
& Hip flexors
Gastrocnemius/soleus
Rectus abdominis and external obliques (superficial abdominal muscles)

Underactive:
& Gluteus maximus
& Hamstrings complex
Lumbar extensors

Question 8

Arms fall forward

Answer 8

Overactive:
8 Latissimus dorsi
8 Pectoralis major and minor (chest muscles)
& Teres major (posterior shoulder muscle)

Underactive:
& Middle and lower trapezius (mid-back muscle)
& Rhomboids (muscles near shoulder blades)
Postions deter to cut houder us shat stabilize the
shoulder)

Question 9

Pes planus distortion
Static Positions
syndrome

Answer 9

Overactive : adductor complex
Gastrocnemius and soleus
Hip flexors

Under active
Anterior & posterior tibialis
Glute max and med

Question 10

Scapular elevation

Answer 10

Overactive:
& Levator scapulae (posterior neck muscles)
& Upper trapezius

Underactive:
Lower trapezius

Question 11

Head juts forward

Answer 11

Overactive:
& Levator scapulae
Sternocleidomastoid

Underactive:
Deep cervical flexors

Question 12

Forward lean

Answer 12

Overactive
Hip flexors
Gastrocnemius and soleus
Recite abdominus and external obliques

Underactive
Glute max
Hamstrings
Lumbar extensors

Question 13

Single leg squat knee valgus

Answer 13

Overactive
TFL
Adductors

Underactive
Glute max and med
Anterior and posterior tibia

Question 14

Knee buckles (knee valgus) (knock knees)

Answer 14

Abductors too strong & tight
Glutes too weak

Question 15

Forward head posture

Answer 15

Overactive:
Cervical spine extensors
Upper traps
Elevator scapula

underactive muscles:
Middle and lower trapezius, rhomboids (mid-back muscles)
Deep cervical flexors (muscle deep within the neck)