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MCN > ASSESSING FETAL WELL BEING > Flashcards

ASSESSING FETAL WELL BEING Flashcards

1
Q

begins at 18 – 20 wks

A

Quickening

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2
Q

Average fetal movement

A

10 – 12x/ day

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3
Q

Decreased fetal movement

A

placental insufficiency

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4
Q

quickening AOG; peaks at

A

28 – 38 wks

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5
Q

Counting & recording the number of fetal movements in an hour after meal

A

SANDOVSKY METHOD

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6
Q

position in sandovsky method

A

left recumbent position

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7
Q

normal result sandovsky method

A

2x/ 10 min. or 10 – 12x/ hr.

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8
Q

needs referral

A

below 10 fetal movements in 2 hrs

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9
Q

Recording the time interval it takes for the pregnant woman to feel the fetal movement.

A

CARDIFF METHOD (Count-to-Ten)

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10
Q

normal result in CARDIFF METHOD (Count-to-Ten)

A

10 fetal movements/hr

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11
Q

As early as the 10th – 11th wk. AOG by Doppler

A

FHR

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12
Q

NORMAL FHR

A

120 – 160 beats/ min.

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13
Q

Determine the presence of good baseline rate, long & short term variability by the use of external fetal heart rate & uterine contraction monitors for 20 min.

A

RHYTHM STRIP TESTING

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14
Q

POSITION IN RHYTHM STRIP TESTING

A

SEMI – FOWLERS

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15
Q

small changes in FHB from second to second

A

SHORT-TERM VARIABILITY

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16
Q

differences in FHR that occur over 20 min. period.

A

LONG-TERM VARIABILITY

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17
Q

Response of FHR to fetal movement in which the FHR and Uterine Contraction Monitors are attached.

A

NONSTRESS TESTING

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18
Q

POSITION OF NONSTRESS

A

SEMI-FOWLERS/ LEFT LATERAL

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19
Q

NORMAL RESULT OF NONSTRESS

A

REACTIVE NONSTRESS TEST
2 – 4 FHR accelerations in 10 min.

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20
Q

ABNORMAL RESULT OF NONSTRESS

A

NON-REACTIVE NONSTRESS TEST
No accelerations with the fetal movements

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21
Q

Test used to stimulate fetal movement by the use of acoustic stimulator especially if a spontaneous acceleration has not occurred within 20 min. during NONSTRESS TEST.

A

VIBROACOUSTIC STIMULATION

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22
Q

Assessing FHR response to uterine contractions

A

CONTRACTION STRESS TESTING

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23
Q

to assess the fetal ability to tolerate the stress of labor

A

CONTRACTION STRESS TESTING

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24
Q

POSITION OF CONTRACTION STRESS TESTING

A

LEFT LATERAL/ SEMI-FOWLERS

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25
Q

NORMAL RESULT OF CONTRACTION STRESS TESTING

A

-NEGATIVE
-No late FHR decelerations present by 3 contractions in 10 min. period

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26
Q

ABNORMAL RESULT OF CONTRACTION STRESS TESTING

A

-POSITIVE
-presence of late FHR decelerations by 50% or more of uterine contractions.

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27
Q

Contraindication OF CONTRACTIONS STRESS TESTING

A

Placenta previa
Multifetal pregnancy
Incompetent cervix
Rupture of membranes

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28
Q

BIPARIETAL DIAMETER 8.5 cm=

A

40 wks. Of fetal age

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29
Q

Measures the velocity at which RBCs in the uterine and fetal vessels and traveling.

A

DOPPLER UMBILICAL VELOCIMETRY

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30
Q

decrease velocity=

A

poor neonatal outcome

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31
Q

placental grading grade 0

A

12-24 wks AOG

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32
Q

placental grading grade 1

A

30-32 wks

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33
Q

placental grading grade 2

A

36 wks

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34
Q

placental grading grade 3

A

38 wks

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35
Q

Average fluid index of amniotic fluid

A

12 – 15 cm bet. 28 – 40 wks

36
Q

> 20-24 cm fluid index

A

hydramnios

37
Q

< 5 – 6 cm fluid index

A

Oligohydramnios

38
Q

A substance produced by the fetal liver that is present in amniotic fluid and maternal serum.

A

Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP)

39
Q

increase MSAFP (MATERNAL SERUM ALPHA-FETOPROTEIN)

A

SPINA BIFIDA

40
Q

decrease MSAFP (MATERNAL SERUM ALPHA-FETOPROTEIN)

A

DOWN SYNDROME

41
Q

AFP multiple of the median (MoM) <2.5

A

screen negative

42
Q

AFP MoMs > or =2.5 (singleton and twin pregnancies)

A

screen positive

43
Q

An analysis of 3 indicators OF TRIPLE SCREENING

A

MSAFP
Unconjugated estriol
hCG

44
Q

A biopsy & chromosomal or DNA analysis of chorionic villi done at

A

10 – 12 wks. AOG

45
Q

COMPLICATIONS OF CHORIONIC VILLI SAMPLING

A

Infection
Bleeding
Threatened miscarriage

46
Q

An invasive procedure that involves withdrawal of amniotic fluid through the abdominal wall

A

AMNIOCENTESIS

47
Q

INVASIVE PROCEDURE DONE AT 14th – 16th wk. of pregnancy.

A

AMNIOCENTESIS

48
Q

Women with Rh – blood type need ___after the procedure to protect fetus from isoimmunization

A

Rh immune globulin adm.

49
Q

INVASIVE PROCEDURE To evaluate fetal status (maturity, congenital anomalies)

A

AMNIOCENTESIS

50
Q

NORMAL COLOR OF AMNIOTIC FLUID

A

clear, slightly yellow tinge during late pregnancy

51
Q

ABNORMAL COLOR OF AMNIOTIC FLUID

A

strong yellow (blood incompatibility)
green color (meconium staining)

52
Q

the protein components of the lung enzyme surfactant that the alveoli begin to form at about 22nd – 24th wks. Pregnancy

A

L/S (Lecithin/sphingomyelin ratio)

53
Q

substance composed of lipoprotein that is secreted by the alveolar cells of the lung and
serves to maintain the stability of pulmonary tissue by reducing
the surface tension of fluids that coat the lung.

A

Surfactant

54
Q

NORAML L/S RATIO

A

2:1 (fetal lung maturity)

55
Q

Precursor of surfactant

A

presence in amniotic fluid of the NB indicates lung maturity.

56
Q

Helps confirm fetal maturity

A

Phosphatidyl Glycerol (PG)

57
Q

Indicates blood incompatibility or the degree of destruction of fetal RBCs in an RH sensitized woman

A

Bilirubin level

58
Q

A byproduct of RBC breakdown

A

Bilirubin

59
Q

Level of < 1.8 mg/dl demonstrates maturing kidney function of fetus

A

Creatinine

60
Q

INCREASE Alpha-Fetoprotein

A

NEURAL TUBE DEFECT

61
Q

DECREASE ALPHA-FETOPROTEIN

A

DOWN’S SYNDROME

62
Q

Skin cells in the amniotic fluid may be cultured and stained for karyotyping.

A

Chromosome analysis

63
Q

A glycoprotein that helps placenta attach to the uterine decidua.

A

Fetal Fibronectin

64
Q

Found abundantly in the amniotic fluid

A

Fetal Fibronectin

65
Q

Can be found in the woman’s cervical mucus early in pregnancy (fades after 20 wks. AOG)

A

Fetal Fibronectin

66
Q

Detection of this in the amniotic fluid or in the mother’s vagina indicates that preterm labor may begin

A

Fetal Fibronectin

67
Q

characterized by cystinuria (characterized by stone formation in the urinary tract)

A

Cystinosis

68
Q

characterized by :
Vomiting
Hypertonicity
Severe mental retardation
Seizures

A

Maple syrup urine disease (amino acid disorders)

69
Q

Enzyme deficiency resulting in accumulation of phenylalanine (an essential amino acid) & its metabolites in the blood causing severe mental retardation.

A

Phenylketonuria

70
Q

Removal of blood from the fetal umbilical cord (vein) at about 17 wks.

A

Percutaneous Umbilical Blood Sampling (PUBS/ Cordocentesis or Funicentesis)

71
Q

Visual inspection of the amniotic fluid through the cervix and membranes with an amnioscope.

A

Amnioscopy

72
Q

To detect meconium staining

A

Amnioscopy

73
Q

COMPLICATION OF Amnioscopy

A

Rupture of membrane

74
Q

Visual inspection of the fetus through a fetoscope that is inserted by amniocentesis technique in assessing fetal well-being.

A

FETOSCOPY

75
Q

To confirm intactness of the spinal column

A

FETOSCOPY

76
Q

Obtain biopsy sample of fetal tissue and fetal blood
samples

A

FETOSCOPY

77
Q

Perform elemental surgery, such as:
inserting polyethylene shunt into the fetal ventricles to relieve hydrocephalus, or
into the bladder to relieve stenosed urethra

A

FETOSCOPY

78
Q

COMPLICATIONS OF FETOSCOPY

A

Premature labor
Amnionitis

79
Q

2 or more accelerations of at least 15 bpm for 15 sec.
over a period of 20 min.

A

Fetal heart reactivity

80
Q

1 episode of 30 sec. of sustained fetal breathing movement within 30 min. of observation.

A

Fetal breathing movements

81
Q

3 separate episodes of fetal limb or trunk movements within 30 min.

A

Fetal body movements

82
Q

Fetus extends then flexes extremities or spine of at least
once in 30 min.

A

Fetal tone

83
Q

Pocket of amniotic fluid measuring 1 cm in vertical
diameter.

A

Amniotic volume

84
Q

fetus is doing well; healthy fetus

A

8 – 10

85
Q

suspicious; requires determination of the need for immediate delivery of the fetus, considering maturity of the fetal lungs.

A

6

86
Q

fetus in jeopardy

A

4

MCN (3 decks)

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