ASSESSING FETAL WELL BEING

Question 1

begins at 18 – 20 wks

Answer 1

Quickening

Question 2

Average fetal movement

Answer 2

10 – 12x/ day

Question 3

Decreased fetal movement

Answer 3

placental insufficiency

Question 4

quickening AOG; peaks at

Answer 4

28 – 38 wks

Question 5

Counting & recording the number of fetal movements in an hour after meal

Answer 5

SANDOVSKY METHOD

Question 6

position in sandovsky method

Answer 6

left recumbent position

Question 7

normal result sandovsky method

Answer 7

2x/ 10 min. or 10 – 12x/ hr.

Question 8

needs referral

Answer 8

below 10 fetal movements in 2 hrs

Question 9

Recording the time interval it takes for the pregnant woman to feel the fetal movement.

Answer 9

CARDIFF METHOD (Count-to-Ten)

Question 10

normal result in CARDIFF METHOD (Count-to-Ten)

Answer 10

10 fetal movements/hr

Question 11

As early as the 10th – 11th wk. AOG by Doppler

Answer 11

FHR

Question 12

NORMAL FHR

Answer 12

120 – 160 beats/ min.

Question 13

Determine the presence of good baseline rate, long & short term variability by the use of external fetal heart rate & uterine contraction monitors for 20 min.

Answer 13

RHYTHM STRIP TESTING

Question 14

POSITION IN RHYTHM STRIP TESTING

Answer 14

SEMI – FOWLERS

Question 15

small changes in FHB from second to second

Answer 15

SHORT-TERM VARIABILITY

Question 16

differences in FHR that occur over 20 min. period.

Answer 16

LONG-TERM VARIABILITY

Question 17

Response of FHR to fetal movement in which the FHR and Uterine Contraction Monitors are attached.

Answer 17

NONSTRESS TESTING

Question 18

POSITION OF NONSTRESS

Answer 18

SEMI-FOWLERS/ LEFT LATERAL

Question 19

NORMAL RESULT OF NONSTRESS

Answer 19

REACTIVE NONSTRESS TEST
2 – 4 FHR accelerations in 10 min.

Question 20

ABNORMAL RESULT OF NONSTRESS

Answer 20

NON-REACTIVE NONSTRESS TEST
No accelerations with the fetal movements

Question 21

Test used to stimulate fetal movement by the use of acoustic stimulator especially if a spontaneous acceleration has not occurred within 20 min. during NONSTRESS TEST.

Answer 21

VIBROACOUSTIC STIMULATION

Question 22

Assessing FHR response to uterine contractions

Answer 22

CONTRACTION STRESS TESTING

Question 23

to assess the fetal ability to tolerate the stress of labor

Answer 23

CONTRACTION STRESS TESTING

Question 24

POSITION OF CONTRACTION STRESS TESTING

Answer 24

LEFT LATERAL/ SEMI-FOWLERS

Question 25

NORMAL RESULT OF CONTRACTION STRESS TESTING

Answer 25

-NEGATIVE -No late FHR decelerations present by 3 contractions in 10 min. period

Question 26

ABNORMAL RESULT OF CONTRACTION STRESS TESTING

Answer 26

-POSITIVE -presence of late FHR decelerations by 50% or more of uterine contractions.

Question 27

Contraindication OF CONTRACTIONS STRESS TESTING

Answer 27

Placenta previa Multifetal pregnancy Incompetent cervix Rupture of membranes

Question 28

BIPARIETAL DIAMETER 8.5 cm=

Answer 28

40 wks. Of fetal age

Question 29

Measures the velocity at which RBCs in the uterine and fetal vessels and traveling.

Answer 29

DOPPLER UMBILICAL VELOCIMETRY

Question 30

decrease velocity=

Answer 30

poor neonatal outcome

Question 31

placental grading grade 0

Answer 31

12-24 wks AOG

Question 32

placental grading grade 1

Answer 32

30-32 wks

Question 33

placental grading grade 2

Answer 33

36 wks

Question 34

placental grading grade 3

Answer 34

38 wks

Question 35

Average fluid index of amniotic fluid

Answer 35

12 – 15 cm bet. 28 – 40 wks

Question 36

>20-24 cm fluid index

Answer 36

hydramnios

Question 37

< 5 – 6 cm fluid index

Answer 37

Oligohydramnios

Question 38

A substance produced by the fetal liver that is present in amniotic fluid and maternal serum.

Answer 38

Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP)

Question 39

increase MSAFP (MATERNAL SERUM ALPHA-FETOPROTEIN)

Answer 39

SPINA BIFIDA

Question 40

decrease MSAFP (MATERNAL SERUM ALPHA-FETOPROTEIN)

Answer 40

DOWN SYNDROME

Question 41

AFP multiple of the median (MoM) <2.5

Answer 41

screen negative

Question 42

AFP MoMs > or =2.5 (singleton and twin pregnancies)

Answer 42

screen positive

Question 43

An analysis of 3 indicators OF TRIPLE SCREENING

Answer 43

MSAFP Unconjugated estriol hCG

Question 44

A biopsy & chromosomal or DNA analysis of chorionic villi done at

Answer 44

10 – 12 wks. AOG

Question 45

COMPLICATIONS OF CHORIONIC VILLI SAMPLING

Answer 45

Infection Bleeding Threatened miscarriage

Question 46

An invasive procedure that involves withdrawal of amniotic fluid through the abdominal wall

Answer 46

AMNIOCENTESIS

Question 47

INVASIVE PROCEDURE DONE AT 14th – 16th wk. of pregnancy.

Answer 47

AMNIOCENTESIS

Question 48

Women with Rh – blood type need ___after the procedure to protect fetus from isoimmunization

Answer 48

Rh immune globulin adm.

Question 49

INVASIVE PROCEDURE To evaluate fetal status (maturity, congenital anomalies)

Answer 49

AMNIOCENTESIS

Question 50

NORMAL COLOR OF AMNIOTIC FLUID

Answer 50

clear, slightly yellow tinge during late pregnancy

Question 51

ABNORMAL COLOR OF AMNIOTIC FLUID

Answer 51

strong yellow (blood incompatibility) green color (meconium staining)

Question 52

the protein components of the lung enzyme surfactant that the alveoli begin to form at about 22nd – 24th wks. Pregnancy

Answer 52

L/S (Lecithin/sphingomyelin ratio)

Question 53

substance composed of lipoprotein that is secreted by the alveolar cells of the lung and serves to maintain the stability of pulmonary tissue by reducing the surface tension of fluids that coat the lung.

Answer 53

Surfactant

Question 54

NORAML L/S RATIO

Answer 54

2:1 (fetal lung maturity)

Question 55

Precursor of surfactant

Answer 55

presence in amniotic fluid of the NB indicates lung maturity.

Question 56

Helps confirm fetal maturity

Answer 56

Phosphatidyl Glycerol (PG)

Question 57

Indicates blood incompatibility or the degree of destruction of fetal RBCs in an RH sensitized woman

Answer 57

Bilirubin level

Question 58

A byproduct of RBC breakdown

Answer 58

Bilirubin

Question 59

Level of < 1.8 mg/dl demonstrates maturing kidney function of fetus

Answer 59

Creatinine

Question 60

INCREASE Alpha-Fetoprotein

Answer 60

NEURAL TUBE DEFECT

Question 61

DECREASE ALPHA-FETOPROTEIN

Answer 61

DOWN’S SYNDROME

Question 62

Skin cells in the amniotic fluid may be cultured and stained for karyotyping.

Answer 62

Chromosome analysis

Question 63

A glycoprotein that helps placenta attach to the uterine decidua.

Answer 63

Fetal Fibronectin

Question 64

Found abundantly in the amniotic fluid

Answer 64

Fetal Fibronectin

Question 65

Can be found in the woman’s cervical mucus early in pregnancy (fades after 20 wks. AOG)

Answer 65

Fetal Fibronectin

Question 66

Detection of this in the amniotic fluid or in the mother’s vagina indicates that preterm labor may begin

Answer 66

Fetal Fibronectin

Question 67

characterized by cystinuria (characterized by stone formation in the urinary tract)

Answer 67

Cystinosis

Question 68

characterized by : Vomiting Hypertonicity Severe mental retardation Seizures

Answer 68

Maple syrup urine disease (amino acid disorders)

Question 69

Enzyme deficiency resulting in accumulation of phenylalanine (an essential amino acid) & its metabolites in the blood causing severe mental retardation.

Answer 69

Phenylketonuria

Question 70

Removal of blood from the fetal umbilical cord (vein) at about 17 wks.

Answer 70

Percutaneous Umbilical Blood Sampling (PUBS/ Cordocentesis or Funicentesis)

Question 71

Visual inspection of the amniotic fluid through the cervix and membranes with an amnioscope.

Answer 71

Amnioscopy

Question 72

To detect meconium staining

Answer 72

Amnioscopy

Question 73

COMPLICATION OF Amnioscopy

Answer 73

Rupture of membrane

Question 74

Visual inspection of the fetus through a fetoscope that is inserted by amniocentesis technique in assessing fetal well-being.

Answer 74

FETOSCOPY

Question 75

To confirm intactness of the spinal column

Answer 75

FETOSCOPY

Question 76

Obtain biopsy sample of fetal tissue and fetal blood samples

Answer 76

FETOSCOPY

Question 77

Perform elemental surgery, such as: inserting polyethylene shunt into the fetal ventricles to relieve hydrocephalus, or into the bladder to relieve stenosed urethra

Answer 77

FETOSCOPY

Question 78

COMPLICATIONS OF FETOSCOPY

Answer 78

Premature labor Amnionitis

Question 79

2 or more accelerations of at least 15 bpm for 15 sec. over a period of 20 min.

Answer 79

Fetal heart reactivity

Question 80

1 episode of 30 sec. of sustained fetal breathing movement within 30 min. of observation.

Answer 80

Fetal breathing movements

Question 81

3 separate episodes of fetal limb or trunk movements within 30 min.

Answer 81

Fetal body movements

Question 82

Fetus extends then flexes extremities or spine of at least once in 30 min.

Answer 82

Fetal tone

Question 83

Pocket of amniotic fluid measuring 1 cm in vertical diameter.

Answer 83

Amniotic volume

Question 84

fetus is doing well; healthy fetus

Answer 84

8 – 10

Question 85

suspicious; requires determination of the need for immediate delivery of the fetus, considering maturity of the fetal lungs.

Answer 85

6

Question 86

fetus in jeopardy

Answer 86

4