Assesment 2 (Drugs And Plant Nutrition) Flashcards
(23 cards)
What is the definition of drugs?
Any substance that when ingested/injected in the body will affect or modify chemical reactions occurring in the body itself
How can drugs be used?
Drugs can be used in good or bad ways some drugs ave used as medicines (e, g antibiotics) Taking exessive medicines without doctor’s precription can also give negative effects on heath!
Why do some people misuse drugs?
However, lots of drugs are misused by people for enjoyment which causes adverse effects on health. Some examples of these drugs are cannabis.
What are stimulants?
Stimulants are drugs that promote and speed up the action of the nervous system.
Some examples are:
1. Caffeine
2. Amphetamines
3. Nicotine
What are depressants?
Depressants slow down the action of some part of the nervous system. Makes you less anxious and sleepy. Overuse of these drugs can make you dependent on them.
Some examples are:
1. Barbiturates
2. Alcohol
3. Cannabis
What are narcotics?
Narcotics act like depressants but primarily affect the brain. They work as pain-killers but bring about a feeling of drowsy well being or euphoria
One example is heroin.
What are analgesics?
Analgesics are mild painkillers and are one of the most used medicines.
Examples are:
1. Aspirin
2. Paracetamol
What are the different types of drugs?
- Stimulants
- Depressant
- Narcoses
- Analgésies
What are medicinal drugs?
Medicinal drugs are important for treating diseases. Not all drugs are medicinal.
Examples are:
Aspirin and paracetamol
What are antibiotics?
Antibiotics kill bacteria but do not harm normal living cells. They are made from fungi.
Why don’t antibiotics work on viruses?
Antibiotics do not work on viruses because viruses are very different from bacteria in structure and how they function. Viruses do not have cell walls that can be targeted by antibiotics.
(Instead they are surrounded by a protective protein coat.)
What are the effects of antibiotics on bacterial infections?
Some bacteria become resistant to antibiotics overtime to prevent this from happening. It is important to only use antibiotics when it’s essential as well as completing the entire course. 
Describe the viral motive action
Like bacteria which attacked your body self from the outside, viruses actually moved into and live in your body cells and make copies of themselves. Viruses can’t reproduce on their own instead they attach themselves to healthy cells and reprogram them to make new viruses.
Describe the viral motive action
Like bacteria which attacked your body self from the outside, viruses actually moved into and live in your body cells and make copies of themselves. Viruses can’t reproduce on their own instead they attach themselves to healthy cells and reprogram them to make new viruses.
Give examples of legal and illegal drugs
Legal drugs: nicotine, and alcohol
Illegal drugs: amphetamines, and cannabis
What are the characteristics of alcohol?
I’ll call is a powerful depressant on the body. It slows down signals in the nerves and brain.
It increases reaction time
Deliver removes alcohol from the blood stream
It has enzymes breakdown alcohol, but the product of the reactions are toxic and overtime. The liver can be irreplaceably damaged.
Effects of alcohol
Short term:
Vomiting - alcohol is toxic to the body and this is the quickest way to get rid of it
Impaired judgment and potentially violent behavior
Impaired balance and muscle control
Sleepiness once consumed in large enough quantities
Long-term effects:
Damages the brain, causing memory loss and confusion
Damages, the liver resulting in, cirnosis
Characteristics of heroine abuse
reduces pain and slows breathing. it’s highly addictive and uses quickly develop a tolerance for it. Meaning they need larger and larger amounts in order to get the same effect. This increases the risk of overdosing which causes death.
Heroin effects on synapses
The sign-up is a site of transmission of electric nerve impulses between two nerve cells heron binds with the receptors which are normally sensitive to natural neurotransmitters
How does heroin affect the nervous system?
The neurotransmitters diffuse across synapses and fit into receptor molecules on the postsynaptic membrane. (one group of neurotransmitters is called endorphins which help reduce sensation of pain affect mood and reduce sensation of hunger and thirst) When it enters, the brain heroine is metabolize to morphine morphine is a molecule fit in some of the endorphin receptors and this is why taking her makes you feel good.
Taking heroine can reduce the production of natural endings and other neurotransmitters, which is why repeated us leads to the need for greater amounts in order to get the same feeling
Tobacco and the gas exchange system
Smoking causes chronic constructive lung disease, heart diseases, and increase ricks of several different types of cancer, including lung cancer. The chemicals and cigarettes include tar, nicotine, and carbon monoxide.
Explain tar nicotine and carbon monoxide
Tar is a carcinogen, a.k.a. a substance that causes cancer
Nicotine is an addictive substance which narrows red blood cells
Carbon monoxide reduces the oxygen carrying capacity of the blood
Performance enhancing drugs in sport
Hormones help to control the way the body develops and response to changes some people take additional hormones to increase these effects commonly done to improve sporting performance. Testosterone is one of the hormones known as steroids, which stimulates anabolic reactions to her in the body testosterone cause more proteins to be made in muscles so they become large and stronger, therefore increasing muscle math helping athletes train harder for longer periods of time
Taking performance enhancing drugs, can increase the risk of heart disease, liver damage, kidney damage decrease ability of the immune system and affect mental cycle in women
