Assembly Flashcards
ASCII
American Standard Code for Information Exchange.
A type of character set capable of representing 128 characters (7 bit or 2^7)
Compiler/Compiling
Compiling: A method of translating a language where all the code gets translated in a single step before execution.
Compiler: used to translate high-level source code into assembly language based on the processors’ instruction set (processors’ code)
Bit
A binary digit. 0 or 1
Byte
A combination of 8 bits to store data like integer values.
Character Encoding
An algorithmic translation for characters to a binary sequence.
Character set
The guide lines for mapping between characters and their integer representation.
Instruction Set Architecture (ISA)
The programming-related aspect of computer architecture
Interpreting
A method for translating a high-level language where the language gets translated line-by-line as the program executes
Computer Architecture
The organization of the components which make up a computer system and the meaning of the operations which guide its function.
Microarchitecture
Processor design techniques used to implement an instruction set
Object Code
Relocatable machine language formatted for a specific operating system
Reduced Instruction Set Computing (RISC)
A type of instruction set architecture in which all instructions are the same length and perform only one task such as: accessing memory locations
Translation Pipeline
The process of a high-level language being translated own to digital logic (Binary). High-level language -> Assembly language -> Machine language -> Digital Logic
Linker
Used to combine multiple object files and static libraries into a single executable file
Loader
used to take executable instructions contained in the executable file produced by the linker, along with dynamic libraries
Mask
A value used to manipulate a bit field in a desired way.
One’s Compliment
1’s complement of a binary number is another binary number obtained by toggling all bits in it, i.e., transforming the 0 bit to 1 and the 1 bit to 0.
1’s complement of 7 (0111) is 8 (1000)
1’s complement of 12 (1100) is 3 (0011)
Signed
A variable that allows you to store positive and negative number ranges.
Two’s Compliment
2’s complement of a binary number is 1 added to the 1’s complement of the binary number.
2’s complement of 7 (0111) is 9 (1001)
2’s complement of 12 (1100) is 4 (0100)
Unicode
An international encoding standard for use with different langauges, by which each character is assigned anuique numeric value
Unsigned
A variable that allows you to store positive ranges.
