Assembly

Question 1

ASCII

Answer 1

American Standard Code for Information Exchange.

A type of character set capable of representing 128 characters (7 bit or 2^7)

Question 2

Compiler/Compiling

Answer 2

Compiling: A method of translating a language where all the code gets translated in a single step before execution.

Compiler: used to translate high-level source code into assembly language based on the processors’ instruction set (processors’ code)

Question 3

Bit

Answer 3

A binary digit. 0 or 1

Question 4

Byte

Answer 4

A combination of 8 bits to store data like integer values.

Question 5

Character Encoding

Answer 5

An algorithmic translation for characters to a binary sequence.

Question 6

Character set

Answer 6

The guide lines for mapping between characters and their integer representation.

Question 7

Instruction Set Architecture (ISA)

Answer 7

The programming-related aspect of computer architecture

Question 8

Interpreting

Answer 8

A method for translating a high-level language where the language gets translated line-by-line as the program executes

Question 9

Computer Architecture

Answer 9

The organization of the components which make up a computer system and the meaning of the operations which guide its function.

Question 10

Microarchitecture

Answer 10

Processor design techniques used to implement an instruction set

Question 11

Object Code

Answer 11

Relocatable machine language formatted for a specific operating system

Question 12

Reduced Instruction Set Computing (RISC)

Answer 12

A type of instruction set architecture in which all instructions are the same length and perform only one task such as: accessing memory locations

Question 13

Translation Pipeline

Answer 13

The process of a high-level language being translated own to digital logic (Binary). High-level language -> Assembly language -> Machine language -> Digital Logic

Question 14

Linker

Answer 14

Used to combine multiple object files and static libraries into a single executable file

Question 15

Loader

Answer 15

used to take executable instructions contained in the executable file produced by the linker, along with dynamic libraries

Question 16

Mask

Answer 16

A value used to manipulate a bit field in a desired way.

Question 17

One’s Compliment

Answer 17

1’s complement of a binary number is another binary number obtained by toggling all bits in it, i.e., transforming the 0 bit to 1 and the 1 bit to 0.

1’s complement of 7 (0111) is 8 (1000)
1’s complement of 12 (1100) is 3 (0011)

Question 18

Signed

Answer 18

A variable that allows you to store positive and negative number ranges.

Question 19

Two’s Compliment

Answer 19

2’s complement of a binary number is 1 added to the 1’s complement of the binary number.

2’s complement of 7 (0111) is 9 (1001)
2’s complement of 12 (1100) is 4 (0100)

Question 20

Unicode

Answer 20

An international encoding standard for use with different langauges, by which each character is assigned anuique numeric value

Question 21

Unsigned

Answer 21

A variable that allows you to store positive ranges.