Aspirin/ Acetone/ Acetanilide Flashcards
IUPAC name of Aspirin?
2-acetoxybenzoic acid
Chemical formula of Aspirin?
C9H8O4
Give the synonyms of Aspirin
Acetyl salicylic acid
Acidium salicylicum
o-acetylsalicylic acid
polypiryna
salicylic acidacetate
Chemical Synthesis of Aspirin?
Ester Formation/ Esterification
Synthesis of Aspirin?
Salicylic Acid (HO-C6H4-COOH) + Acetic anhydride (CH3C=O-O-C=OCH3) –(H2SO4)——> Acetyl salicylic acid (CH3C=OOC6H4-COOH) + Acetic Acid (OHC=OCH3)
Salicylic Acid (HO-C6H4-COOH) + Acetyl chloride (CH3-C=O-Cl) —-(pyridine)—> Acetyl salicylic acid (CH3C=OOC6H4-COOH) + hydrochloric acid (HCl)
Physical properties of Aspirin?
Colorless/ white crystalline powder
odorless
Density:1.40 g/cm3
MP: 135 C/ 275 F
BP: 140 C/ 284 F
Solubility in H2O: 3mg/ml [20 C]
Acid Hydrolysis positive result?
violet
Base Hydrolysis positive result?
Clear/ colorless sol.
what reagent makes the enol CMPD turn violet?
FeCl/Ferric chloride
State the aspirin indications:
ANTI-PLATELET (40-80mg)
ANTI-INFLAMMATORY (45mg/kg)
ANALGESIC (325-650mg)
ANTIPYRETIC (325-650mg)
what receptor aspirin bind?
Arachidonic acid
Arachidonic Acid
promotes the repair and growth of skeletal muscle tissue via conversion to prostaglandin PGF2alpha during and following physical exercise
Release PGE2 GI mucosa for cytoprotection
INC mucus production
INC HC03
INC BLOOD FLOW
COX1
PGE2 + PGI2 => Kidney
INC GFR (filtration of kidney)
Retention of Na & H2O
roles in mediating inflammation
COX1 &COX2
PGI2 + TXA2
COX2= PGI2
promotes Cardiovascular
vasodilation
INC platelet aggregation
COX1 + COX2
Aspirin inhibits
COX 1, COX 2, TXA2
Active peptic ulcer
haemostatic disorder
hypersensitivity
asthma
kidney disease (exacerbate the condition)
Hyperuricemia or gout
Hemolytic anemia
Dengue fever
Children or adolescents w/ viral interfection
Aspirin contraindication
viral infection in the children then take an aspirin to relief the fever can cause _______
reye’s syndrome
acute ingestion of 150-200 mg/kg ASA will produce___
Mild intoxication
acute ingestion of 300-500 mg/kg ASA will produce___
severe intoxication
ingestion of more than 100 mg/kg/day, 2 or more days of ASA will produce___
chronic intoxication
Vomiting after ingestion
hyperpnea
Tinnitus & Lethargy
Mixed respiratory Alkalemia
metabolic Acidosis
acute toxicity of ASA
Rapid and shallow breathing
Hyperpnea
nonspecific confusion
dehydration and metabolic acidosis are attributed to sepsis
Pneumonia
Gastroenteritis
Chronic Toxicity of Aspirin
Treatment for ASA toxicity
Activated charcoal
NaHCO3(Sodium Bicarbonate)
Hemodialysis
Why aspirin is a better pain reliever than salicylic acid?
ASA is less irritating to the stomach and not bitter
Why do people without H/A or pain use ASA regularly as their maintenance drug?
ASA inb. COX1 => no TXA2 that promotes platelet aggregation
use for stroke and heart attack
why ASA cause methemoglobinemia?
ASA convert ferric to ferrous. Ferric is the responsible for O2 in RBC
IUPAC name of Acetanilide?
N-phenylethanamide
Chemical Formula of Acetanilide
C8H9NO
Synonym of Acetanilide
acetylaminobenzene
CAN
Antifelorin
acetylaniline
N-phenylethanamide
what is Antifelorin use and ADR
analgesic and antipyretic
ADR: cyanosis (blue skin)
metabolic pathway of Antifelorin
phenolic metabolisim
Synthesis of Acetanilide?
aniline (C6H5-N<H2) + Acetyl chloride (CH3-C=O-Cl)
—-> Acetanilide(C6H5-NH-C=O- CH3) + HCI
aniline (C6H5-N<H2) + Acetic anhydride (CH3C=O-O-C=OCH3) –(H2SO4)——> Acetanilide(C6H5-NH-C=O- CH3)+ Acetic Acid (OHC=OCH3)
Process of synthesis of acetanilide ?
Acetylation
what process makes the acetanilide purify
Crystallizations
A positive result of acid hydrolysis of acetanilide
crystal formation (aniline)
A positive result of bromination of acetanilide
white ppt upper and lower part/ clear in the middle
A positive result of bromination of Aniline
yellow slimy substance at the middle
acetanilide forms______ in bromination
mono brominates (as major product)
4-bromo acetanilide
aniline forms______ in bromination
tri-mono brominates (as major product)
tribromoaniline
Synonyms of acetone
2- propanone
Dimethyl ketone
Propanone
beta- ketopropan
Dimentyl formaldehyde
simplest ketone
acetone
physical appearance of acetone
colorless and flammable
Bolling point of acetone
133 F/ 56.2 C
acetone is normally present in ____ and ______
Blood , urine
______produce it in larger amounts
Diabetic people
people on a ________ will have more acetone in their body
Low fat diet
Use of acetone
solvent
denaturant in alcohol
defatting prior to chemexfoliation
A substance attracted to by ______(transmit the parasitic protozoan known to produce the often fatal disease called_______) including carbon dioxide and octenol
tseste files, sleeping sickness
acetone exhibit only _____in normal use
slight toxicity
Cumen process is aka_____
Phenol processss or hock process
Propylene + water ==> 2-propanol
2-propanol + Oxygen ==> acetone
what synthesis process is this?
wacker–Hoechst process
synthesis of ____ of Acetates
Dry distillation
Acetone- butanol- ethanol fermentation developed by _____with the aid of _____ bacteria.
Chaim Mweizman, Clostridium acetobutylicum
____ is no longer used due to small yields
Acetone- butanol- ethanol fermentation
tollen test result of acetone
negative clear
Bisulfite Addition result
white ppt
acetone functional group
carbonyl group
Methadone
potent analgesic
naloxone
opioid analgesic
Acetaphenone
sedative
ketone bodies present in urine
Ketonuria
acetone breath
ketoacidosis
Acetone is formed when body use____instead of glucose for energy. Acetone is broken down by ____ which oxidized via _____ to yield energy.
fat, acetyl coa, TCA cycle
Sodium nitroprusside and strong solution of ammonia water is a test for ?
presence of ketonuria
Sodium nitroprusside and strong solution of ammonia water positive result?
magenta ring form at the line of contact
Cynide nitropursside teste test aka
Brand test
brand test + result
red purple colour
