Aspects in Breadth: Controlling a Fractious Nation - Changes in Tudor Government, 1485-1603: Changes in Governance at the Centre.

Question 1

Outline the initial structure of Tudor society.

Answer 1

• God, Monarch, nobility, gentry, yeomen and artisans, peasants, vagrants and beggars.

Question 2

Outline the initial structure and role of Tudor government.

Answer 2

• Monarch, Court (privy chamber, royal household, privy council, secretary), parliament, central law courts, regional councils, lords lieutenant, exchequer

Question 3

How did the role of the Household change?

Answer 3

• privy chamber initially used to restrict access to the monarch to protect their position but developed into a political hub of advisors and diplomats
• eventually controlled the dry stamp
• diminished under E as she kept dry stamp and had female attendants

Question 4

How did the role of the Council change?

Answer 4

• initially retained its function as a large, formal, advisory body due to Henry VII’s suspicion and Wolsey’s dominance
• John guy: temporary changes as a result of PoG; G R Elton: lasting changes occurred then, not after Cromwell’s fall
• began to assume collective and administrative responsibility as civil servants

Question 5

What was important about the role of Lord Lieutenant?

Answer 5

• utilised nobility in traditional military role

- answerable to monarch and often brought together different organisations like council, enhancing royal control

Question 6

Describe the initial role of the Tudor church.

Answer 6

• alms, healthcare, education, careers, landowner

- corrupt

Question 7

How significant was the 1534 Act of Supremacy?

Answer 7

• confirmed Henry as head of church (just legalising a process that had long been underway?)
• introduced statute law, inadvertently empowering parliament

Question 8

Outline Church-State relations between 1534-58.

Answer 8

• dissolution of monasteries = vested interest in break w/ rome
• Mary and Edward unable to enact lasting change

Question 9

How significant was the 1559 Act of Supremacy?

Answer 9

• E extended royal control by appointing protestant bishops in place of those who refused to swear loyalty to her
• much more durable in spite of numerous challenges

Question 10

What was the Elizabethan Religious Settlement?

Answer 10

• E retained control over her religious policy

Question 11

How did the relationship between Crown and Parliament change?

Answer 11

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