Asia before 1950

Question 1

Name the post war conferences

Answer 1

Tehran, Yalta and Potsdam

Question 2

What is a model state

Answer 2

A country that would benefit another and is democratic and economically successful

Question 3

How was Japan a successful model state

Answer 3

-Control of army disbanded
-War crime trials held
-New constitution which established democracy
-Zaibatsus (big businesses) like Mitsubishi were broken up
-Farm land reform act 1946

Question 4

When was Japan made independent

Answer 4

1952

Question 5

How was Japan an unsuccessful model state

Answer 5

-Many people did not welcome democracy
-Zaibatsus reformed
-Japanese norms and social customs remained - treatment of women

Question 6

How was the Philippines a successful model state

Answer 6

-Amercianised in its materialism and consumerism (canned fruit as a status symbol)
-US profited from the economic relationship
-Military bases at Clark Field and Subic Bay
-Remained generally pro-American - sent troops to support in Korean war

Question 7

How was the Philippines an unsuccessful model state

Answer 7

-Roxas government corruption - $300 million of military equipment given by US stolen
-Bell Trade Act made the economy unbalanced

Question 8

Name of the Malayan uprising

Answer 8

Emergency

Question 9

When did China fall to the communists

Answer 9

October 1949

Question 10

Name of the Chinese Communist leader

Answer 10

Mao

Question 11

Reasons why Mao won the Chinese Civil War

Answer 11

Appeal of the Communists
Japanese invasion
Communist military strengths
Leadership of Mao
Jiang lost m/c support
Jiangs mistakes

Question 12

How much money did the US invest in the Philippines

Answer 12

$620 billion

Question 13

When did Japan invade China

Answer 13

1937

Question 14

What was the defence perimeter strategy

Answer 14

A line through the pacific that the US would defend - did not include korea

Question 15

What was NCS-68

Answer 15

Tripled US defence spending

Question 16

Jiang retreated to…

Answer 16

Taiwan

Question 17

What was the Bell Trade Act and when was it passed

Answer 17

1946 - Only allowed American foreign goods to be sold in the country

Question 18

What partly triggered the Huk Rebellion

Answer 18

1946 - Roxas excluded 11 elected representatives to ensure that the Bell Trade Act was passed

Question 19

How many Huk Rebels were there by 1950

Answer 19

12,000

Question 20

When was Huk Rebellion

Answer 20

1949-51

Question 21

How much money did the US give to Roxas to defeat the Huk Rebellion

Answer 21

$7 million

Question 22

When did Roxas die

Answer 22

1948

Question 23

How much money did Jiang receive in 1945

Answer 23

$450 million

Question 24

What did Truman do in 1947

Answer 24

Lifts arms embargo and sold weapons to Jiang at a 90% discount

Question 25

When was the China Aid Act

Answer 25

1948

Question 26

What was the China Aid Act

Answer 26

Gave Jiang $125 million

Question 27

When did US aid stop for Jiang

Answer 27

December 1948

Question 28

How many police officers were sent to Malaya in 1950

Answer 28

16,220

Question 29

When were elections held in Malaya

Answer 29

1954

Question 30

When did Malaya gain independence

Answer 30

1957

Question 31

How many fortified villages had been built in Malaya by 1951

Answer 31

500

Question 32

When was a state of emergency declared in Malaya

Answer 32

1948

Question 33

How many people were living in fortified villages by 1951

Answer 33

400,000

Question 34

Why were fortified villages used in Malaya

Answer 34

To separate active insurgents from their passive supporters

Question 35

What happened in fortified villages

Answer 35

Clean water, housing, education and medical care was provided They were surrounded by watch towers and barbed wire and inhabitants movement was strictly regulated

Question 36

How did the APPEAL OF THE COMMUNISTS help Mao win the Civil War

Answer 36

-Landlords made up 10% of the population but owned 70% of land -Rent was often 50-80% of total crops grown -Communists emphasis on land reform and distribution appealed to the peasantry -Mao was w/c himself - understood them -Gave him large amounts of support

Question 37

Why did JIANG LOSING M/C SUPPORT help Mao win the Civil War

Answer 37

-Use of secret police -Corrupt bureaucracy -Hyperinflation - money loses its value -Prices rise to 6000x the level in 1937 -April 1949 - a grain of rice cost 2500 Chinese dollars -Jiang and Mao refused to work together

Question 38

How did JIANGS MISTAKES help Mao to win the Civil War

Answer 38

-Failed to acknowledge communist spies e.g his assistant Chief of Staff -Corrupt officers -High levels of desertion - 70% -Strategic errors like focusing on Manchuria

Question 39

How did MAO'S LEADERSHIP help him to win the Civil War

Answer 39

-Popular social and economic policies -More flexible - adjusted land reform policies to maximise support -Superior military strategy and trusted generals like Lin Biao -Seemed more democratic than Jiang as he was willing to participate in coalitions and listen to people

Question 40

How did the JAPANESE INVASION help Jiang to win the Civil War

Answer 40

-China invaded by Japan in 1937 -Jiang and the nationalists unable to defeat them so looked weak -Cost money and his best troops -Distracted Jiang and allowed to CCP to establish itself fully -Jiang looked less patriotic as he refused to work with Mao

Question 41

How did the COMMUNIST MILITARY PERFORMANCE help Mao to win the Civil War

Answer 41

-Lost fewer men than Jiang -'Eight rules of conduct' ensured that the communists had a better relationship with the peasantry - soldiers told to help pay for what was damaged, not molest women and help villagers -Used peasants to help distribute propaganda -Able generals like Zhu De

Question 42

How many MNLA fighters were there by 1950

Answer 42

7000

Question 43

When was the Emergency declared over in Malaya

Answer 43

1960

Question 44

When did Communism begin to grow in China

Answer 44

After WW2 - issue of land reform

Question 45

Who did China fight in WW2

Answer 45

Japan - fought under Jiang and the nationalists who were supposed to work with Mao

Question 46

Why the the UK not improve living conditions in Malaya

Answer 46

Poor treatment of Chinese Malayans - suspected communists

Question 47

What was Templars hearts and minds programme

Answer 47

-Aimed to win over support of ordinary Malayans by improving their conditions -Introduced social policies and provided them with food and medical aid

Question 48

What does the MNLA stand for

Answer 48

Malayan national liberation army

Question 49

Why did Britain need to maintain a friendly relationship with Malaya

Answer 49

For resources like tin and rubber

Question 50

What were Britains aims in Malaya

Answer 50

-Reduce their economic burden -Establish democracy -Prevent the spread of communism -Improve living conditions

Question 51

When was the San Francisco treaty

Answer 51

Gave Japan its sovereignty