Asia

Question 1

What is the oldest and deepest lake in the world

Answer 1

Lake Baikal is the oldest lake (25-30 million years) and deepest (1,700 meters)

Question 2

Asia’s population is very … distributed

Answer 2

Unevenly

Question 3

Why are costal locations densely populated

Answer 3

They provide access to trading and fish, ocean regulates temperature, more jobs, fertile land, scenic view and more development due to the advantages

Question 4

Why are places near rivers densely populated

Answer 4

The water can be used as a water source, irrigation for farming, trade and fertile land for agriculture

Question 5

What is the estimated population of India and China

Answer 5

1.4 billion each

Question 6

Name all the physical geography in Asia

Answer 6

Black Sea, Caspian Sea, Red Sea, Yellow Sea, Bay of Bengal, Ganges River, Yangtze River, Empty quarter, Gobi Desert, Thar desert, Tibetan Plateau, Indo China, South China Sea and Indus River

Question 7

Why don’t people live in mountain ranges or deserts

Answer 7

In the mountains ,like the Himalayas, the terrain is too steep and cold and in deserts like the Gobi desert, conditions are too extreme to support life

Question 8

What countries are most populous in Asia

Answer 8

India and China with 1.4 billion each

Question 9

How does rainfall form

Answer 9

1. Water evaporates from warm ocean
2. Warm air is less dense so it rises
3. As air rises it cools down (adiabetic cooling)
4. Water vapour condenses into droplets forming clouds
5. The droplets grow in size (coalesce) until they are large enough to fall to the ground as precipitation

evaporation, condensation, precipitation, collection

Question 10

What are the causes of flooding in Asia

Answer 10

Monsoon rains, Snow and ice melt in Himalayas and Tropicsl cyclones (typhoons)

Question 11

Explain monsoon rains

Answer 11

They can cause 1,500-5,000 mm of rain from June to September, causing rivers to overflow their banks

Question 12

Explain snow and ice melt in the Himalayas

Answer 12

They cause 1,000mm from March to May. They arrive just before the monsoon rains so countries do not have time to recover

Question 13

Explain tropical cyclones

Answer 13

They are from May to November and 1 storm can cause 1,000mm in 2 days but these are often unexpected

Question 14

Explain channel flow

Answer 14

Movement of water in streams and rivers

Question 15

Explain condensation

Answer 15

Water vapour turning into water droplets

Question 16

Explain evaporation

Answer 16

Water turning into water vapour

Question 17

Explain groundwater flow

Answer 17

Movement of water underground through rocks

Question 18

Explain infiltration

Answer 18

Seeping of water into the soil

Question 19

Explain interception

Answer 19

Collection of water by vegetation and delay lag time

Question 20

Explain overland flow

Answer 20

Flow of water over the Earth’s surface

Question 21

Explain preceipitation

Answer 21

All water that falls to Earth

Question 22

Explain through flow

Answer 22

Movement of water through the soil

Question 23

Explain transpiration

Answer 23

Loss of moisture from plants

Question 24

look at Asia map of countries

Question 25

* look at water cycle diagram in book (22/11/24)*

Question 26

How does deforestation in Himalayas affect flooding

Answer 26

Loss of tree covers reduces interception of rainfall by trees, meaning a shorter lag time with rivers filling faster and increased risk of flood

Question 27

How does silting up Ganges tributaries affect flood

Answer 27

Silt eroded from the land clogs up river channels reducing their carrying capacity bedore they overflow

Question 28

How does low lying land affect flooding in Bangladesh

Answer 28

80% of land is less than 10m above sea level so it is vulnerable to sea level rise

Question 29

How does the confluence of two major rivers affect floods in Bangladesh

Answer 29

Both Ganges and Brahmaputra rivers meet in Bangladesh and the combined volume leads to regular flooding

Question 30

How does the sinking Ganges delta affect flooding

Answer 30

The Ganges delta is sinking because lots of water is being pumped from underground making it vulnerable to sea level rise

Question 31

How does urbanisation affect flooding in India and Bangladesh

Answer 31

Overpopulation has led to towns and cities being built along the Ganges with more impermeable surfaces like concrete, speeding up the flow of water

Question 32

How does river engineering upstream affect flooding in Bangladesh

Answer 32

India spent billions straightening river channels and flood walls (levees) along the Ganges. This funnels water downstream to Bangladesh faster

Question 33

What worsens flooding in Asia

Answer 33

Climate change

Question 34

Explain Himalayas in detail

Answer 34

It has 14 peaks all over 8,000m, with the highest being Mount Everest at 8,848. The second highest is K2. Italian mountaineer Reinhold Messner was the first to climb all peaks in 1986. They run 1,500 miles through Afghanistan, Pakistan, India, Nepal, Bhutan and China.

Question 35

How were Himalayas formed

Answer 35

Collision of India and Eurasian plays around 89 Ma (million of years ago). Sediments in the Tethys sea were forced upwards so you can find marine fossils halfway up Everest.

Question 36

Biome definiton

Answer 36

A large scale ecosystem with its own unique plants and elements

Question 37

What factors effect biomes

Answer 37

Climate (rainfall, temp) Latitude (distance from equator) Altitude (height above sea level)