Asia Flashcards
What is the oldest and deepest lake in the world
Lake Baikal is the oldest lake (25-30 million years) and deepest (1,700 meters)
Asia’s population is very … distributed
Unevenly
Why are costal locations densely populated
They provide access to trading and fish, ocean regulates temperature, more jobs, fertile land, scenic view and more development due to the advantages
Why are places near rivers densely populated
The water can be used as a water source, irrigation for farming, trade and fertile land for agriculture
What is the estimated population of India and China
1.4 billion each
Name all the physical geography in Asia
Black Sea, Caspian Sea, Red Sea, Yellow Sea, Bay of Bengal, Ganges River, Yangtze River, Empty quarter, Gobi Desert, Thar desert, Tibetan Plateau, Indo China, South China Sea and Indus River
Why don’t people live in mountain ranges or deserts
In the mountains like the Himalayas , the terrain is too steep and cold and in deserts like the Gobi desert, conditions are too extreme to support life
What countries are most populous in Asia
India and China with 1.4 billion each
How does rainfall form
- Water evaporates from warm ocean
- Warm air is less dense so it rises
- As air rises it cools down (adiabetic cooling)
- Water vapour condenses into droplets forming clouds
- The droplets grow in size (coalesce) auntie they are large enough to tell to the ground as precipitation
evaporation, condensation, precipitation, collection
What are the causes of flooding in Asia
Monsoon rains, Snow and ice melt in Himalayas and Tropicsl cyclones (typhoons)
Explain monsoon rains
They can cause 1,500-5,000 mm of rain from June to September, causing rivers to overflow their banks
Explain snow and ice melt in the Himalayas
They cause 1,000mm from March to May. They arrive just before the monsoon rains so countries do not have time to recover
Explain tropical cyclones
They are from May to November and 1 storm can cause 1,000mm in 2 days but these are often unexpected
Explain channel flow
Movement of water in streams and rivers
Explain condensation
Water vapour turning into water droplets
Explain evaporation
Water turning into water vapour
Explain groundwater flow
Movement of water underground through rocks
Explain infiltration
Seeping of water into the soil
Explain interception
Collection of water by vegetation and delay lag time
Explain overland flow
Flow of water over the Earth’s surface
Explain preceipitation
All water that falls to Earth
Explain through flow
Movement of water through the soil
Explain transpiration
Loss of moisture from plants
look at Asia map of countries
- look at water cycle diagram in book (22/11/24)*
How does deforestation in Himalayas affect flooding
Loss of tree covers reduces interception of rainfall by trees, meaning a shorter lag time with rivers filling faster and increased risk of flood
How does silting up Ganges tributaries affect flood
Silt eroded from the land clogs up river channels reducing their carrying capacity bedore they overflow
How does low lying land affect flooding in Bangladesh
80% of land is less than 10m above sea level so it is vulnerable to sea level rise
How does the confluence of two major rivers affect floods in Bangladesh
Both Ganges and Brahmaputra rivers meet in Bangladesh and the combined volume leads to regular flooding
How does the sinking Ganges delta affect flooding
The Ganges delta is sinking because lots of water is being pumped from underground making it vulnerable to sea level rise
How does urbanisation affect flooding in India and Bangladesh
Overpopulation has led to towns and cities being built along the Ganges with more impermeable surfaces like concrete, speeding up the flow of water
How does river engineering upstream affect flooding in Bangladesh
India spent billions straightening river channels and flood walls (levees) along the Ganges. This funnels water downstream to Bangladesh faster
What worsens flooding in Asia
Climate change
Explain Himalayas in detail
It has 14 peaks all over 8,000m, with the highest being Mount Everest at 8,848. The second highest is K2. Italian mountaineer Reinhold Messner was the first to climb all peaks in 1986. They run 1,500 miles through Afghanistan, Pakistan, India, Nepal, Bhutan and China.
How were Himalayas formed
Collision of India and Eurasian plays around 89 Ma (million of years ago). Sediments in the Tethys sea were forced upwards so you can find marine fossils halfway up Everest.
Biome definiton
A large scale ecosystem with its own unique plants and elements
What factors effect biomes
Climate (rainfall, temp)
Latitude (distance from equator)
Altitude (height above sea level)
