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Asia Flashcards

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1
Q

What group did Ho Chi Minh form to fight the Japanese and then the French?

A

Viet Minh

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2
Q

How much money did the US provide to France to fight against the communists?

A

$500 million per year

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3
Q

What was the name of the battle lost by the French in 1954?

A

Dien Bien Phu

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4
Q

What agreement was signed in 1954 which split Vietnam in half along the 17th parallel?

A

The Geneva Agreement

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5
Q

Who was put in place to rule the Republic of South Vietnam?

A

Ngo Dinh Diem

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6
Q

What three reasons were there for why Ngo Dinh Diem was disliked?

A

Harsh to peasants, treated Buddhists badly and corrupt.

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7
Q

Which 66 year old monk burnt himself to death in protest?

A

Thich Quang Duc

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8
Q

How much money did the USA give the corrupt Republic of South Vietnam in the 1950s?

A

$1.6 billion

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9
Q

What organisation was set up in 1960 to fight against the corrupt government of the south?

A

The National Front for the Liberation of South Vietnam (Viet Cong)

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10
Q

What did JFK introduce in 1962 aiming at keeping the peasants away from Communism?

A

The Strategic Hamlet Relocation Programme

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11
Q

How many non-military advisors were there in Vietnam by 1962 and 1964?

A

11,500 and 23,000

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12
Q

Where were US boats attacked by the Viet Cong in August 1964?

A

The Gulf of Tonkin

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13
Q

How many US marines arrived at Da Nang in March 1965?

A

3500

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14
Q

What was the name of the theory which taught that Vietnam becoming Communist might lead to other countries also falling to Communism?

A

Domino Theory

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15
Q

How many soldiers did the VC and NVA have by 1965?

A

170,000

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16
Q

What was the tactics called where the VC stayed close to US troops to reduce the impact of bombing?

A

Hanging on to American belts

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17
Q

What percentage of US casualties were caused by VC booby traps?

A

11%

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18
Q

How long were the tunnel complexes used by the VC?

A

240km

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19
Q

How many Vietnamese civilians provided supplies for the VC by using the Ho Chi Minh Trail?

A

40,000

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20
Q

What was the total amount of aid provided to the North Vietnamese by China and the USSR?

A

$2 billion

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21
Q

What was the name of the bombing campaign that started in February 1965?

A

Operation Rolling Thunder

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22
Q

How many US helicopters were destroyed during Operation Rolling Thunder?

A

5000

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23
Q

How much did it cost, according to Life Magazine, to kill one Viet Cong soldier?

A

$400,000

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24
Q

How many tonnes of Napalm were dropped between 1965-73?

A

20,000

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25
Q

How many litres of Agent Orange were used during the war?

A

82 million litres

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26
Q

What were search and destroy missions informally known as?

A

Zippo raids

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27
Q

What was the name of the village which saw the massacre of 400 people in March 1968?

A

My Lai

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28
Q

Who was put in prison as a result of the My Lai Massacre?

A

Lt Calley

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29
Q

How many people protested against the My Lai Massacre, in Washington, in November 1969?

A

700,000

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30
Q

What was the name of the Viet Cong attack on 100 targets in January 1968?

A

Tet Offensive

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31
Q

How many Viet Cong died in the Tet Offensive?

A

10,000

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32
Q

Following the Tet Offensive, which CBS journalist reported that “Vietnam is an unwinnable war”?

A

Walter Cronkite

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33
Q

How many Vietnamese civilians died in 1968 mainly as a result of bombing raids?

A

300,000

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34
Q

Which president replaced LBJ in January, 1969?

A

Richard Nixon

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35
Q

What was Nixon’s policy of removing US troops and replacing them with South Vietnamese troops called?

A

Vietnamisation

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36
Q

The South Vietnamese army had 82,000 soldiers in 1968. How big was it by 1970?

A

1 million

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37
Q

What was the 1972 Viet Cong attack on the South called?

A

The Spring Offensive

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38
Q

During Operation Linebacker 1 between May and October 1972, how many tonnes of bombs were dropped on North Vietnam?

A

150,000 tons

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39
Q

In 1970 Nixon started SALT talks with the USSR to limit nuclear weapons. What does SALT stand for?

A

Strategic Arms Limitation Talks

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40
Q

Which two countries did Nixon visit in 1972 in a bid to put pressure of North Vietnam to end the war?

A

USSR and China

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41
Q

Which country did the USA invade in March 1969, in Operation Menu, in an attempt to destroy Communist help for the VC?

A

Cambodia

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42
Q

What was the name of the Communist group in Cambodia, under the leadership of Pol Pot?

A

Khmer Rouge

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43
Q

What was the name given to the operation to invade Laos in February 1971 which ended in disaster and defeat for the South Vietnamese army?

A

Operation Lam Son 719

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44
Q

What John Lennon song was adopted by the peace movement in 1969?

A

Give peace a chance

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45
Q

What percentage of TV reports showed dead or wounded people?

A

25%

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46
Q

How many people watched the shocking images of the execution of a VC soldier live on US TV?

A

20 million

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47
Q

What was Ronald Haeberle famous for?

A

Photographing the dead at My Lai

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48
Q

Which famous boxer burnt his draft card?

A

Muhammad Ali

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49
Q

In the first 6 months of what year was there 100 demonstrations and how many students at Berkeley, Yale and Stanford Universities protested against the Vietnam war

A

1968
40,000

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50
Q

Who photographed the dead at My Lai

A

Ronald Haeberle

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51
Q

When was Operation Lam Son 719

A

February 1971

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52
Q

When was the My Lai massacre

A

March 1968

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53
Q

When was the Spring Offensive

A

1972

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54
Q

When was the Golf of Tonkin incident

A

August 1964

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55
Q

When were 4 students killed at Kent State and what did it cause?

A

4 people killed, 16 wounded on 4 May 1970 resulting in 4 million students going on strike

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56
Q

Finish this chant.. Hey, Hey LBJ…….

A

How many kids did you kill today?

57
Q

What was the name of shops opened for anti-war, ex-servicemen to get coffee and doughnuts?

A

GI coffeehouses

58
Q

How many Gi’s had received less then honorable discharges of soldiers

A

563,000

59
Q

What date was there 209 fraggings

A

1970

60
Q

What is fragging?

A

Killing your own officer

61
Q

Jane Fonda, Donald Sutherland and Fred Gardner were famous actors. What did they set up to protest against the war?

A

The FTA tour (Free the Army roadshow)

62
Q

What did the VVAW stand for?

A

Vietnam Veterans Against the War

63
Q

What percent of casualties in the Vietnam war were black even though they only made up what percentage of the army

A

22% of black people made up 11%

64
Q

What was the name given to the investigations held in Detroit in December 1970 about US atrocities in Vietnam?

A

Winter Soldier Investigations

65
Q

What was the name of the hearings set up in 1971 to try and find a way out of Vietnam?

A

Fulbright Hearings

66
Q

How many members did the VVAW have by April of 1971

A

30,000

67
Q

What was the name of the VVAW ex-soldier who gave the most famous evidence at these hearings?

A

John Kerry

68
Q

When did John Kerry give evidence for the Fulbright hearings

A

22 April 1971

69
Q

What was the name of the disabled ex-soldier who became a campaigner against war?

A

Ron Kovic

70
Q

What was the name of the scandal which ended in Nixon’s resignation?

A

Watergate

71
Q

Where did peace talks start in May 1968 and lasted until January 1973?

A

Paris

72
Q

Which two men had secret meetings for three years between 1969 and 1972?

A

Henry Kissinger and Le Duc Tho

73
Q

Who was leader of South Vietnam, who was appalled by the Paris Peace Accords in 1973?

A

Thieu

74
Q

Why couldn’t the USA keep up the promises made to protect South Vietnam at the Paris Peace Accords?

A

Stock market crash and world oil crisis meant less money for war.

75
Q

Why did the North feel confident enough to break the Paris Accords and attack the South in 1975?

A

US Congress wouldn’t allow Ford to commit any more money to Vietnam.

76
Q

What was the codename of the US evacuation of South Vietnam?

A

Operation Frequent Wind

77
Q

On what date did the North defeat the South and reunite Vietnam?

A

April 30th 1975

78
Q

When did Korea become a protectorate of Japan?

A

1905

79
Q

Who did the Koreans fight on the same side as in WW2?

A

Japan

80
Q

What Declaration made Korea independent in 1945?

A

The Potsdam Declaration

81
Q

Who took over Japan after WWII?

A

The USA

82
Q

Which superpower had its army in Machuria after WW2?

A

The USSR

83
Q

Which European country had control in Indo-China: Laos, Cambodia and Vietnam?

A

France

84
Q

At the Potsdam Conference of 1945 Korea was taken from Japan and divided into two. What was the dividing line?

A

The 38th Parallel

85
Q

How much of the world’s gold reserve did the USA have in 1945?

A

Two-thirds

86
Q

How many warships did the USA have in 1945?

A

1200

87
Q

How many Long range B-29 bombers did the USA have in 1945?

A

1000

88
Q

The RoK was formed in South Korea in 1948. What does RoK stand for?

A

Republic of Korea

89
Q

The DPRK was formed in North Korea in 1948. What does DPRK stand for?

A

Democratic People’s Republic of Korea

90
Q

Why did the USA distrust the USSR by the 1949?

A

USSR had taken over many Eastern European countries

91
Q

How much had the US given Chiang Kai-Shek to stop the Communists in China?

A

$2 billion

92
Q

Once Kai-Shek had lost to the Communists in 1949 where did he have to flee to?

A

Formosa/Taiwan

93
Q

What was the Truman Doctrine?

A

The US policy to contain (stop the spread) of communism - containment.

94
Q

Who was the communist leader of China from 1949?

A

Mao Zedong

95
Q

Who was the leader of DPRK after it was set up in 1949?

A

Kim II Sung

96
Q

How many communist sympathisers lived in the south?

A

200,000

97
Q

Who was the leader of the RoK after it was set up in August 1948?

A

Syngman Rhee

98
Q

Why did Stalin agree to help the DPRK after 1949?

A

China had become communist and he wanted to show Mao who was in charge or he wanted to get his own back for the failed Berlin Blockade

99
Q

How many pieces of artillery did Stalin give the DPRK in 1950?

A

1600

100
Q

How many T-34 tanks did Stalin give the DPRK in 1950?

A

258

101
Q

How many military aircraft did Stalin give the DPRK in 1950?

A

178

102
Q

Why did China get involved with Korea in November 1950?

A

Pressure from Stalin

103
Q

What did Truman send to Korean waters following the North’s invasion of the South?

A

Warships and advisors

104
Q

Why was the USSR boycotting the Security Council of the UN in 1950?

A

UN had failed to recognise Communist takeover of China

105
Q

How did the absence of the USSR allow the USA to persuade the UN to get involved in Korea?

A

The USSR couldn’t veto UN involvement

106
Q

What city did the DPRK capture on June 28th 1950?

A

South’s capital city, Seoul

107
Q

Which south-eastern region had the forces of the RoK retreated to by August 1950?

A

Pusan

108
Q

Where had Chinese troops assembled ready for an invasion by August 1950?

A

Manchuria

109
Q

How many states had agreed to help the UN provide military, economic and medical aid to South Korea?

A

29

110
Q

Who was put in charge of the UN troops?

A

General MacArthur

111
Q

Where did the UN troops first attack the forces of the DPRK?

A

Inchon

112
Q

By September 1950 the UN forces had pushed the DPRK troops back to the Chinese border. What river marks that border?

A

Yalu River

113
Q

In late October 1950, how many Chinese troops launched an attack against the UN?

A

200,000

114
Q

When did the UN troops lose control of Seoul?

A

January, 1951

115
Q

When did General MacArthur openly threaten China with an atom bomb without President Truman’s permission?

A

March, 1951

116
Q

What happened to General MacArthur in April 1951?

A

Truman sacked him

117
Q

What started in June 1951?

A

Peace talks between North and South Korea

118
Q

What was the main reason for the failure of early peace talks for Korea?

A

The exchange of prisoners

119
Q

Who died in March 1953 which helped peace talks for Korea?

A

Stalin

120
Q

Who became the new leader of the USSR in March 1953?

A

Malenkov

121
Q

Who became the new president of the USA in January 1953?

A

Eisenhower

122
Q

Where was the armistice signed in July 1953?

A

Panmunjom

123
Q

What three terms did the armistice confirm for Korea?

A

2 mile demilitarised zone either side of 38th Parallel, all forces withdraw to own territory, prisoner exchange would begin

124
Q

How many casualties did the USA have?

A

30,000 died and 100,000 wounded

125
Q

How much did US defence spending increase during the Korean War?

A

$48 billion from $12-$60 billion

126
Q

What % of GDP did the US spend on the Korean War?

A

14%

127
Q

What did the USA set up in 1954 to stop the spread of Communism in south-east Asia?

A

SEATO (South East Asia treaty Organisation)

128
Q

How big was the buffer zone on its own borders gained by China?

A

300km

129
Q

How many deaths did the Chinese suffer in the Korean War?

A

900,000

130
Q

What did the RoK sign with the USA in 1953?

A

The Mutual Defence Treaty

131
Q

How many Koreans were casualties of the War?

A

2.5 million

132
Q

What percentage of Korean civilians died in the war?

A

10%

133
Q

How many homes were destroyed in the Korean war?

A

600,000

134
Q

How many South Koreans were captured by the North?

A

80,000

135
Q

What did the USSR have to increase spending on as a result of events in Korea?

A

Arms production

136
Q

When was the strategic hamlet relocation act

A

March 1962

137
Q

When was operation rolling thunder

A

February 1965

138
Q

When was the Watergate scandal

A

June 1972

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