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2150 MIDTERM > Asepsis & Injections > Flashcards

Asepsis & Injections Flashcards

1
Q

medical asepsis aka clean technique

A

includes procedures for reducing the number of organisms and preventing their transfer

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2
Q

medical asepsis examples

A 
HH
barrier technique
admin of a PO med
supp.
routine environmental cleaning
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3
Q

surgical asepsis aka sterile technique

A

procedures used to eliminate all microorganisms from an area; sterilization destroys all microorganisms and their spores

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4
Q

surgical asepsis examples

A

procedures requiring penetration of skin (central IVs)
when the integrity of the skin is broken (from incisions or burns)
injections
procedures requiring insertion of devices or surgical instruments into normally sterile body cavities (catheter)
specimen collection

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5
Q

wound dressing can be either technique depending on (3)

A
  1. depth of laceration and levels of affected tissue
  2. how fresh the wound is (time)
  3. diabetes/immunosuppressed may be sterile for longer
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6
Q

parenteral means

A

administered in a route other than the digestive tract

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7
Q

purpose of parenteral meds

A

different absorption
some meds only designed for certain routes
vomiting, etc

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8
Q

IM

A

into the body of a mm

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9
Q

IM absorption time

A

10/15 to 30 mins

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10
Q

intradermal (ID)

A

intot he dermis just under the epidermis

TB skin test, allergy testing

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11
Q

subQ (s/c)

A

into the tissues just under the dermis of skin ie. heparin, insulin

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12
Q

SC absorption

A

30 mins

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13
Q

IV

A

into a vein

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14
Q

IV absoption

A

immediate to 5 mins

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15
Q

S/C injection size and gauge

A

3/8 to 5/8, 25 gauge

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16
Q

IM needle size and gauge

A

1-1/2 inch and 22 guage

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17
Q

factors in our choice of needle/syringe

A 
quantity of med
body size of pt
tissue type to be injected
route of admin
viscosity of fluid
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18
Q

SC amount of fluid

A

0.5-2 mL

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19
Q

does s/c need aspiration

A

NO

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20
Q

1.00 cc is called

A

TB syringe

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21
Q

for anything under 1 cc except insulin, use this guage/size

A

27 gauge and 1/2 inch

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22
Q

subQ injections for meds that are

A

isotonic, nonirritating, nonviscous, and water soluble

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23
Q

max SC amount for infants and children

A

0.5 mL

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24
Q

SC injection for child

A

usually 26-30 guage
1/2 inch
at 90 degrees

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25
Q

best site for pts with little peripheral subQ tissue

A

upper abdomen

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26
Q

SUB Q angles, generally

A

25 guage 5/8 “ at 45 degrees

or 1/2 inch at 90 degrees

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27
Q

norms for graspin 2 inches of skin

A

90 degrees with 1/2 inch

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28
Q

norm for graspin 1 inch

A

45 degrees with 5/8 inch

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29
Q

best site for s/c injections and why

A

abdomen
quickest absorption rate
2” out from umbilicus

30
Q

why do we rotate sc sites

A

to prevent formation of indurations and abscesses

31
Q

sc sites

A 
upper back
upper buttocks
upper arm
abdomen
anterior thigh
32
Q

injections asespsis

A

sterile technique for all injections

33
Q

preventing infection during injection (4)

A
  1. prevent contamination of solution
  2. prevent contamination of needle
  3. prepare skin
  4. reduce transfer of microorganisms (HH)
34
Q

7th right

A

evaluation

35
Q

peak of insulin has risk of

A

hypoglycemis

36
Q

insulin function

A

stimulate the synthesis of glycogen from glucose, fats from lipids, and proteins from aa’s

37
Q

insulin ___ blood sugar

A

reduces

38
Q

risk of hyperglycemia WHEN

A

pre-onset, onset, & duration

39
Q

insulin absorbed most slowly in

A

thighs

40
Q

WITHDRAW what kind of insulin first?

A

short-acting

41
Q

WITHDRAW what insulin second? “have to wait longer for 2nd”

A

intermediate or long acting

42
Q

heparin you ALWAYS (2)

A

squeeze & leave a bubble at the top!!

43
Q

LMWH’s

A

more prophylactic measure, normal hep more for tx

require less frequent lab monitorying

44
Q

heparin syringe/needle used

A

TB

1 cc, 25-27 guage, 5/8 “

45
Q

hep always admined in

A

abdomen, two inches left or right of umbilicus

46
Q

hep expected therapeutic lab work

A

under the normal range; means they are undercoagulating (what you want to prevent clots)

47
Q

assess before giving hep

A 
nosebleeds
blood in urine
bruising
gum bleeding
check lab work (APTT, PTT, INR)
48
Q

IM thin adult

A

5/8 to 1”

49
Q

average IM

A

1 inch

50
Q

over 70kg IM

A

1.5 inch

51
Q

obese over 70kg

A

1.5 inch

52
Q

vastus lateralis site needle LENGTH

A

5/8-1 inch

53
Q

ventrogluteal ALWAYS length

A

1.5 inch

54
Q

deltoid length

A

1-1.5 inch

55
Q

infant length for IM

A

1 inch

56
Q

toddler length IM

A

1- 1.25 inches

57
Q

older child

A

1.5-2 inches

58
Q

IM site for ALL children (recommended)

A

VG

59
Q

site for up to 12 mo (ie. immunizations)

A

anterolateral thigh

60
Q

site for 12-18 mos and older (ie. immunizations)

A

deltoid

61
Q

normal adult mm tolerates mL of fluid

A

2-5 (ie in VG)

62
Q

but.. right answer is NEVER inject more than __ mL IM for adults (and why)

A

3 mL, anything over is not well absorbed by body

63
Q

older adult or thin adult tolerates MAX

A

2 mL

64
Q

older infant tolerates MAX

A

1 mL

65
Q

child with larger muscles tolerates MAX

A

2 mL

66
Q

keep skin

A

taught

67
Q

best practice is to use

A

z-tracking

68
Q

aspiration?

A

YES always ecxept for vaccine admin

69
Q

VG site involves the (mm)

A

gluteus medius and minimus & is safe for ALL

70
Q

preferred site for infant immunization

A

vastus lateralis

71
Q

why is VL good?

A

absence of major nn & blood vessels
drug absorption rapid
mm is thick and well developed

72
Q

deltoid should use volumes of

A

0.5-1 mL due to potential for injury

2150 MIDTERM (4 decks)

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