ASD Flashcards
What are the four types of ASD’s?
-Secundum
-Primum
-Sinus venous
-Coronary sinus
Where is the secundum ASD located and how common is it?
-Located mid septum
-70% most common
Where is the primum ASD located and how common is it?
-inferior septal
-20% - second most common
Where is the sinus venosus ASD located and how common is it?
-superior septal
-8%
Where is the coronary sinus ASD located and how common is it?
-Inferior septal close to the coronary sinus
-2%
What is the most common type of ASD?
1.PFO
2.primum
3. Secundum.
4. Sinus venosus.
3.Secundum
What is the best view to diagnose a sinus venosus ASD?
- Apical 4 chamber
2 PSAX
3.PLAX - Modified subcostal 4 chamber.
- Modified subcostal 4 chamber.
A sinus venosus ASD involves which pulmonic vein?
Right upper pulmonary vein
What is the best view to demonstrate an ASD?
Subcostal 4 chamber
What kind of chamber enlargement can occur due to an ASD?
Bi atrial enlargement due to volume overload
True or false - atrial septum aneurysms do not have small shunts
False. They may have a small residual shunt.
What kind IVS movement do we see on Echo with a pt that has a ASD?
Paradoxical and flattening movement of the IVS
What is micro cavitation?
A bubble study
What kind of study is sensitive for diagnosing atrial septal defects?
- MRI
- Microcavitation.
- Angiogram.
- Stress test.
- Micro cavitation.
A _____ can be detected with micro cavitation in about ____ to ____. % of normals.
PFO; 20 to 30%
True or false- a PFO shunt can sometimes become a right to left shunt after a Valsalva maneuver
True
When scanning for a ASD how should you’ve change your nyquist limit color flow ?
Lower it to <40cm/s to Detect low flow ASD
On Doppler ___ may be present due to a dilated annulus
TR
What is the standard echo view for a contrast study to see an ASD?
Apical 4ch
How many beats to see contrast on the left side in a patient with a ASD?
- < or equal to 5 beats
- > 5 beats
- > or equal to 8 beats
- < 8 beats
< or equal to 5 beats
How many beats to see contrast on the left side in a patient with a pulmonary shunt?
- < or equal to 5 beats
- > 5 beats
- > or equal to 8 beats
- < 8 beats
> 5 beats
Which ASD is associated with partial anomalous pulmonary venous return?
Sinus venosus
Which ASD is associated with AV septal defect?
Priumum
Which ASD is associated with endocardial cushion?
Primum
What’s another name for AV septal defect?
Endocardial cushion
What’s the difference between subcostal 4 ch and a modified subcostal 4ch?
We use a modified subcostal 4ch to look for sinus venosus ASD
We use a regular subcostal 4ch to look for other ASD’s
What’s the most common venous malformation?
PLSVC
What ASD is associated with a cleft MV?
Primum ASD
Which ASD is associated with MVP?
Secundum
What murmur is associated with ASD?
Fixed split S2 murmur
