ASCP AI MICRO Flashcards
What does ASCP stand for?
American Society for Clinical Pathology
True or False: Microbiology is the study of organisms that are too small to be seen with the naked eye.
True
Fill in the blank: The primary staining technique used to differentiate bacteria is called _______.
Gram staining
What are the two main types of bacteria based on their cell wall structure?
Gram-positive and Gram-negative
Which organism is commonly associated with urinary tract infections?
Escherichia coli
What is the purpose of a culture medium in microbiology?
To provide nutrients for the growth of microorganisms
True or False: Viruses are considered living organisms.
False
What is the term for the minimum temperature required to kill a specific microorganism?
Thermal death point
Which of the following is NOT a method of sterilization? (a) Autoclaving (b) Filtration (c) Refrigeration
Refrigeration
What is the role of a microbiologist?
To study microorganisms and their effects on humans, animals, plants, and the environment
Fill in the blank: The process of transferring bacteria from one medium to another is called _______.
Inoculation
What is the primary purpose of antimicrobial susceptibility testing?
To determine the effectiveness of antibiotics against specific bacteria
True or False: Fungi are prokaryotic organisms.
False
What type of bacteria can survive in extreme environments, such as high temperatures or salinity?
Extremophiles
Which test is used to identify the presence of Mycobacterium tuberculosis?
Acid-fast bacilli (AFB) smear
What is the significance of the Kirby-Bauer test?
It assesses the susceptibility of bacteria to antibiotics.
Fill in the blank: The enzyme that breaks down hydrogen peroxide in bacteria is called _______.
Catalase
What is a biofilm?
A structured community of microorganisms encased in a self-produced polymeric matrix.
True or False: All bacteria are harmful to humans.
False
What type of cell division do bacteria undergo?
Binary fission
Which laboratory technique is used to isolate pure cultures of bacteria?
Streak plating
What is the primary function of the bacterial cell wall?
To provide structural support and protection.
Fill in the blank: The term for bacteria that require oxygen for growth is _______.
Aerobic
What are plasmids?
Small, circular DNA molecules found in bacteria that can carry antibiotic resistance genes.
Which microorganism is used in the production of yogurt?
Lactobacillus
What is the difference between an epidemic and a pandemic?
An epidemic is a sudden increase in cases within a specific area, while a pandemic is a global outbreak.
