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Neuro > Ascending Pathways - SRS > Flashcards

Ascending Pathways - SRS Flashcards

1
Q

Identify the blocked out structures

A

Starting at 8:00…

Anterolateral System

Ventral Spinocerebellar tract

Dorsal spinocerebral tract

Fasciculus Cuneatus

Fasciculus Gracilis

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2
Q

What three categories of information do spinal cord tracts carry?

A
  1. Discriminatory
  2. Reflexive
  3. Postural
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3
Q

The spinal cord has tracts that carry discriminatory information which determines type, location and intesity of the stimulus. What are the tracts that carry this?

A
  1. Dorsal columns/medial lemniscus (DCML)
    • Fasciculus gracilis
    • Fasciculus cuneatus
  2. Anterolateral system
    • ​​Neospinothalamic
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4
Q

The spinal cord has tracts that carry reflexive information which activates responses to create behavioral state change with appropriate stereotyped motor responses. What are the names of these tracts?

A
  1. Anterolateral system
    • ​​Paleospinothalamic
    • [spinoreticular]
    • [spinomesencephalic]

​

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5
Q

What senssation types are carried by the discriminatory tracts?

A

Tactile (temperature, blunt/sharp, locality)

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6
Q

The spine carries postural information regarding joints, tendon and muscle position. What tracts do this?

A

•Spinocerebellar tracts
–Cuneocerebellar
–[Rostral spinocerebellar]
–Dorsal spinocerebellar
–Ventral spinocerebellar

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7
Q

Fast, wide diameter axons travel to white matter in the?

A

Posterior funiculi

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8
Q

Slower, thin-diameter axons travel to what structures in the dorsal horn?

A

Lamina I-VI

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9
Q

How many neurons long are the discriminatory pathways?

A

3

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10
Q

How many neurons long are postural pathways?

A

2

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11
Q

What are the types of information in the pathways of the dorsal columns? What are the two portions of this pathway?

A

Tactile discrimination, conscious proprioception

Posterior columns and medial lemniscus

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12
Q

What are the point of origin receptors for the dorsal columns?

A

–Meissner’s corpuscles, merkel’s disks, pacinian corpuscles, ruffini’s endings in skin muscle spindles, golgi tendon organs in muscles, joints and tendons

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13
Q

Where are the primary cell bodies of the dorsal columns located?

A

Dorsal root ganglia (DRG)

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14
Q

Where is the first synapse for the dorsal columns?

A

–Nucleus cuneatus (for upper body) and nucleus gracilis (for lower body), in caudal medulla

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15
Q

Where do neurons for the dorsal columns enter the spinal cord?

A

Medial aspect of dorsal horn

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16
Q

Where do discriminatory fiber tracts decussate?

A

Internal arcuate fibers ventral to cuneatus and gracilis (becomes “medial lemniscus”)

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17
Q

Where is the second synapse of the dorsal columns?

A

Ventral posteriolateral (VPL) Nucleus of the Thalamus

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18
Q

What is the final destination of the dorsal columns?

Via what structures?

A

The primary somatosensory cortex (Via internal capsule and corona radiata)

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19
Q

Dermatomes segregate cuneatus from gracilis. What body segments do each represent?

A

Cuneatus - Thoracic and Cervical

Gracilis - Lumbar and Sacral

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20
Q

What are the nuclei of the Cuneatus and Gracilis seperated by?

A

Posterior intermediate septum

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21
Q

Identify where the thoracic, sacral, lumbar and cervical tracts are in this spinal segment.

A
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22
Q

Identify the indicated structures. What portion of the spinal cord is this?

A

Medulla

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23
Q

Identify the tagged structures. Where is this section from?

A

Thalamus

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24
Q

Describe the somatotopy of the primary somatosensory cortex.

A

See attachment

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25
Q

The third pathway takes the anterolateral system. What tract is this?

A

Neospinothalamic tract

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26
Q

What type of information is conveyed in the neospinothalamic tract?

A

Pain

Temperature

Poorly localized touch

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27
Q

What are the point of origin receptors involved in the neospinothalamic tract?

A

Free Nerve endings (TRP channels) in skin, viscera, muscles

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28
Q

Where are the primary cell bodies of the neospinothalamic tract located?

A

DRG

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29
Q

Where is the first synapse for the neospinothalamic tract?

A

Lamina I-VI

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30
Q

What is the path into the spinal cord and through it that the neospinothalamic tract takes?

A
  1. dorsal horn (Lissauer’s Fassciculus to ascend at least 1 segment)
  2. after 1st synapse, travels through anterior white commissure
  3. ascends through anterolateral spinothalamic tract
31
Q

Where does the neospinothalamic tract fiber decussate?

A

In the anterior white commissure after the first synapse

32
Q

Where is the second synapse for the neospinothalamic tract?

A

Ventral Posteriolateral Nucleus (VPL) of the Thalamus

33
Q

What is the final destination of the neospinothalamic tract?

A

–Primary somatosensory cortex (via internal capsule and corona radiata)

34
Q

Identify the tagged structures

A
35
Q

What type of information is carried in the paleoospinothalamic tract?

A

Poorly localized pain

36
Q

What is the point of origin receptor for the paleospinothalamic tract?

A

Free nerve endings (TRP channels) in skin, viscera, muscles

37
Q

Where are the primary cell bodies of the paleoospinothalamic tract?

A

DRG

38
Q

Where is the first synapse for the paleoospinothalamic tract?

A

Lamina I-VI

39
Q

Describe the paleospinothalamic tract from the point it enters the spinal column to its ascent.

A
  1. dorsal horn (Lissauer’s Fassciculus to ascend at least 1 segment),
  2. after 1st synapse, travels bilaterally,
  3. ascends through anterolateral spinothalamic tract
40
Q

Where does the paleospinothalamic tract decussate?

A

It doesn’t necessarily, but the fibers that do decussate do so through the anterior white commissure.

41
Q

Where is the second synapse for the paleoospinothalamic tract?

A

Intralaminar nuclei of the Thalamus

42
Q

What is the final destination of the paleoospinothalamic tract?

A

–Bilateral cortex, poorly localized (includes cingulate gyrus and insula)

43
Q

Identify the indicated structures

A
44
Q

Identify the blocked out labels.

A
45
Q

What four tracts make up unconscious proprioception?

A
  • Dorsal spinocerebellar
  • Ventral spinocerebellar
  • Rostral spinocerebellar (?) (not often in humans)
  • Cuneocerebellar
46
Q

What kind of information do the fifth and 6th pathways carry?

(Dorsal Spinocerebellar and cuneocerebellar)

A

–Unconscious proprioception

47
Q

What receptors are involved in the 5th and 6th pathways?

(Dorsal Spinocerebellar and cuneocerebellar)

A

Muscle spindles and golgi tendon organs in muscles, joints and tendons

48
Q

Where are the primary cell bodies of the dorsal spinocerebellar and cuneocerebellar pathways located?

A

DRG

49
Q

What is the location of the first synapse for the dorsal spinocerebellar and cuneocerebellar tracts?

A

**Spinocerebellar - **Clarke’s nucleus (AKA nucleus dorsalis) of thoracic cord.

**Cuneocerebellar - ** Accessory cuneate nucleus in the caudal medulla

50
Q

Where do the 5th and 6th pathways enter/travel in the spinal cord?

A

Posterior funiculi (hitchhikes with the dorsal columns)

51
Q

Where do the spinocerebellar and cuneocerebellar pathways decussate?

A

They do not.

52
Q

Where is the second synapse for the dorsal spinocerebellar and cuneocerebellar pathways?

A

–vermis/paravermis of the cerebellum via inferior cerebellar peduncle

53
Q

What is the final destination of the spinocerebellar and cuneocerebellar tracts?

A

–Deep cerebellar nuclei (via purkinje cells)

54
Q

Identify the red circle

A
55
Q

When below C8, unconsious proprioceptive information hitchhikes on the posterior column. Where does it synapse? Where is it visible?

A

–Synapses in Lamina VII
–Visible L3 to C8
•CLARKE’S COLUMN/CLARKE’S NUCLEUS/NUCLEUS DORSALIS

56
Q

What is the structure circled in red?

A

Accessory Cuneate nucleus

57
Q

When above C8, the cuneocerebellar tract synapses in the?

A

•accessory/external/lateral cuneate nucleus

58
Q

Identify the indicated structures

A
59
Q

Identify indicated structures

A
60
Q

Identify indicated structures

A
61
Q

What do the ventral spinocerebellar and rostral spinocerebellar pathway carry, information wise?

A

Broad integrated information from the entire limb

62
Q

What type of information is carried by the ventral spinocerebellar tract?

A

–Unconscious proprioception

63
Q

What are the receptors associated with the ventral spinocerebellar tract?

A

–muscle spindles, golgi tendon organs in muscles, joints and tendons

64
Q

Where are the primary cell bodies of the ventral spinocerebellar pathway located?

A

DRG

65
Q

Where is the first synapse of the ventral spinocerebellar?

A

Lamina VII.

66
Q

Where does the ventral spinocerebellar pathway enter the spinal cord/travel?

A

Posterior funiculi

67
Q

Where does the ventral spinocerebellar pathway decussate?

A

Immediately in the spinal cord

68
Q

Where is the second synapse for the ventral spinocerebellar pathway? What is unusual about this pathway after the second synapse?

A

–vermis/paravermis of the cerebellum via superior cerebellar peduncle. Will then decussate again!

69
Q

What is the final destination of the ventral spinocerebellar tract?

A

Deep cerebellar nuclei (via purkinje cells)

70
Q

Identify the indicated structure. What is the spinal section this is from?

A

Upper Cervical

71
Q

Patient has a lesion of the right fasciculus cuneatus at C2. Tell me all of the sensory systems affected, and on which side of the body…

A
  1. Right-sided, upper-limb tactile discrimination,
  2. conscious proprioception
  3. unconscious proprioception of individual muscles/tendons
72
Q

Patient has a Lesion of Lamina VII in left thoracic spinal cord. Tell me all of the sensory systems affected, and on which side of the body…

A

•Left sided unconscious proprioception of lower limbs (individual fibers)

73
Q

Patient has Allodynia (pain due to a stimulus that usually does not provoke pain) on the right side of the leg. Name the possible areas where there might be a lesion…

A
  1. Right sided peripheral axons/free nerve endings,
  2. right sided dorsal horn (Lamina I-V),
  3. Anterior white commissure,
  4. Left sided Lateral spinothalamic tract,
  5. left sided VPL thalamus,
  6. left sided primary somatosensory cortex

Neuro (17 decks)

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