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Weight and Balance > ASA Airframe Codes > Flashcards

ASA Airframe Codes Flashcards

1
Q

What type of device is a cleco fastener?

A

a patented fastener that is inserted in the rivet holes and used to hold two pieces of sheet metal together until they can be riveted.

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2
Q

What type of rivet may be used to replace a round head rivet in an aircraft structure?

A

a universal head rivet.

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3
Q

How long should a rivet be to join two pieces of sheet metal?

A

The combined thickness of the metal sheets plus 1-1/2 times the shank rivet diameter.

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4
Q

How can rivets be physically identified for part number and type of material?

A

The identifying mark on the head of an aluminum alloy rivet indicates the specific alloy used in the manufacture of the rivet.

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5
Q

What kind of filter is a micronic filter?

A

a filter with a special paper element.

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6
Q

What is a double-action pump?

A

a pump that delivers fluid with the movement of the pump handle in both directions.

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7
Q

Why do most engine-driven hydraulic pumps have a shear section in their device couplings?

A

If the pump should seize, the shear section will break, disconnecting the pump from the engine and preventing further damage.

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8
Q

What the fuck are the two basic types of hydraulic fluid used in modern aircraft?

A

mineral base fluid and phosphate ester base fluid.

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9
Q

Does the main hydraulic pump take its fluid from the bottom of the reservoir, or from a standpipe?

A

The main pump normally takes its fluid from a standpipe, while the emergency pump takes its fluid from the bottom of the reservoir If a break in the system should allow the main pump to pump all of its fluid overboard, there will still be enough fluid in the reservoir to allow the emergency system to extend the landing gear and actuate the brakes.

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10
Q

Why are some hydraulic reservoirs pressurized?

A

Pressurization ensures that fluid will be supplied to the inlet of the pumps at high altitude where there is not enough atmospheric pressure to do this.

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11
Q

What are two ways aircraft hydraulic reservoirs may be pressurized?

A

By an aspirator in the fluid return line or by bleed air from one of the engine compressors.

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12
Q

What is used to flush a hydraulic system that uses skydrol hydraulic fluid?

A

trichloroethylene or the solvent recommended by the aircraft manufacturer.

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13
Q

What is used to flush a hydraulic system that uses mineral base hydraulic fluid?

A

Naphtha, varsol, or stoddard solvent.

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14
Q

Where can you find the type of hydraulic fluid required for a particular aircraft?

A

In the maintenance manual for the aircraft. This informacion is also on the placard on the system reservoir.

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15
Q

What type of pump is a gear pump considered?

A

A gear pump is a constant displacement, high pressure pump.

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16
Q

What type of pump is a piston pump with a variable cam plate considered?

A

Fuel pumps may be divided into two distinct system categories: (1) constant displacement and (2) variable displacement. A piston pump with a variable cam changes the effective (not actual) length of each piston stroke. This makes this type of pump a variable displacement with constant pressure.

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17
Q

How is cabin pressure controlled in a pressurized aircraft?

A

More pressure than is needed is pumped into the aircraft cabin, and the pressure controller modulates the outflow valve to maintain the correct pressure.

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18
Q

What is the function of the cabin outflow valve on a pressurized aircraft?

A

The cabin outflow valve, which is controlled by the pressure controller, maintains the correct amount of pressure inside the cabin.

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19
Q

What is the function of the cabin pressure safety valve on a pressurized aircraft?

A

The cabin pressure safety valve prevents cabin pressure from exceeding the maximum allowable differential pressure.

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20
Q

Why must pressurized aircraft have a negative pressure relief valve?

A

The structure of an aircraft cabin is not designed to tolerate the inside pressure being lower than the outside pressure.

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21
Q

What keeps the cabin of a pressurized aircraft from being pressurized when the aircraft is on the ground?

A

A squat switch on the landing gear holds the safety valve open when the aircraft is on the ground.

22
Q

Where can you find the correct part number for the fuel quantity sensor to be installed in an aircraft fuel tank?

A

In the illustrated parts catelogue for the aircraft.

23
Q

Where are fuel system strainers located?

A

One strainer is located in the outlet to the tank, and the main strainer is located in the fuel line between the outlet of the fuel tank and the inlet to the fuel metering device.

24
Q

Why do fuel strainers used on some turbine-engine aircraft have a warning device that signals the flight crew when the strainer is beginning to clog up?

A

Strainers clog because ice forms on the filter element. The flight crew can route the fuel through a fuel heater to melt the ice.

25
Q

How does water appear in the fuel drained from the tank sumps?

A

Water appears as a clear globule in the bottom of the container used to collect the fuel drained from the sumps.

26
Q

Why must an aircraft fuel valve have a detent in its operating mechanism?

A

The detent gives the pilot a positive indication by feel when the selector valve is in the full ON and full OFF position.

27
Q

What must be done before a fuel selector valve can be removed from an aircraft?

A

The tank to which the valve is connected must be drained or otherwise isolated.

28
Q

What must be done after a fuel valve is replaced?

A

The fuel system must be checked for leaks.

29
Q

What is used as the sensor in the fuel tank for an electronic-type fuel quantity indicating system?

A

Tubular capacitors that extend across the fuel tank from top to bottom.

30
Q

What is the principle upon which the electronic-type fuel quantity indicating system operates?

A

Tubular capacitors extending across the fuel tanks change their capacitance as the fuel level changes. The dielectric constant (K) of the fuel is approximately twice that of air.

31
Q

What is used as a sensor in the fuel tank for the older resistance-type fuel quantity indicating system?

A

A variable resistor with an arm that is moved by a float riding on top of the fuel in the tank.

32
Q

What is the purpose of a drip gauge in the fuel tank of a large aircraft?

A

The drip gauge allows a mechanic to check the fuel level in a tank from the bottom of the tank.

33
Q

When must the fuel quantity indicating system indicate “zero?”

A

During level flight when the fuel in the tank is equal to the unusable fuel supply.

34
Q

Where could you find the part number of a switch in an aircraft electrical system?

A

In the equipment table or bill of materials on the electrical circuit diagram for the aircraft.

35
Q

What is the main disadvantage of aluminum wire over copper wire for use in an aircraft electrical system?

A

Aluminum wire is more brittle than copper. It is more subject to breakage when it is nicked or when it is subjected to vibration.

36
Q

What size aluminum wire would be proper to replace a piece of four-gauge copper wire?

A

Two-gauge. When you substitute aluminum wire for copper wire, use a wire that is two gauge numbers larger.

37
Q

What is the smallest size aluminum wire that is approved for use in aircraft electrical systems?

A

six-gauge.

38
Q

Can you substitute aluminum wire for copper wire?

A

Yes. However, you must use aluminum wire two wire gauge sizes larger to carry the same current. Aluminum wire should never be used in runs of three feet or less, or in communication and navigation systems.

39
Q

Can wire in free air carry the same current as wire in a bundle?

A

Wire in free air may be used to a higher current level than the same size wire in a bundle. Always refer to an electrical wire size selection chart.

40
Q

What are common causes of wire failure in a crimped connector?

A

The wire was not inserted far enough into the connector and/or the connector was excessively crimped.

41
Q

What is one of the first things to check if an electrical component does not operate?

A

Always start with simple solutions and move to more complex. Is the component turned on? Is power available? For example, if a light doesn’t function is the system turned on, is the aircraft electrical system energized, or is the bulb burnt out?

42
Q

What may be provided by the manufacturer to assist in troubleshooting?

A

Manufacturers often provide a troubleshooting logic chart.

43
Q

What are the four basic steps of troubleshooting?

A
  1. Know how the system should operate.
  2. Observe the way the system is operating.
  3. Divide the system into smaller segments to isolate trouble.
  4. Look for the obvious problem first.
44
Q

When routing a fluid line parallel to an electrical wire bundle, which should be on top?

A

The electrical wire bundle should be on top.

45
Q

Are pneumatic deicer boots operated before ice forms or after it has formed?

A

Pneumatic deicer boots are not operated until ice has formed over them. When the boot inflates, it breaks the ice, and the air flowing over the airfoil blows it away.

46
Q

Where does the air come from to operate pneumatic deicer boots on a reciprocating-engine powered airplane?

A

From the discharge side of the air pump used to operate the gyro instruments.

47
Q

What is meant by a wet vacuum pump used to power pneumatic deicer boots?

A

It is a vacuum pump that uses engine oil to lubricate its steel vanes. A dry vacuum pump uses carbon vanes, and it does not require any oil for lubrication.

48
Q

What is the purpose of the oil separator in a deicer system?

A

Oil separators are used with wet vacuum pumps to remove the lubricating oil from the discharge air before this air is used in the deicer boots.

49
Q

How are rubber deicer boots cleaned?

A

By washing them with mild soap and water.

50
Q

How are rubber deicer boots attached to the leading edges of aircraft wings and tail surfaces?

A

They are bonded to the surface with an adhesive. Boots on the older aircraft were attached with machine screws and rivnuts.

51
Q

What is the sequence of inflation of a deicing boot system?

A

There are three tubes in a deicer boot, upper, center, and lower. The center tube inflates first with the upper and lower tubes a specified number of seconds later.

Weight and Balance (11 decks)

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