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Sailing > ASA 114 > Flashcards

ASA 114 Flashcards

1
Q

Define or explain the following:

Bridgedeck

A

Decking area between the hulls of a catamaran.

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2
Q

Define or explain the following:

Full bridgedeck

A

Solid decking of the complete area between the hulls from bow to stern

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3
Q

Define or explain the following:

Partial bridgedeck

A

Some solid decking and either some open space or netting (commonly forward)

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4
Q

Define or explain the following:

Open deck

A

Fully open or netting (like the beach cats)

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5
Q

Define or explain the following:

“Seagull striker”/forestay bridle

A

Way of distributing the headstay loads and maintaining low weight forward

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6
Q

Define or explain the following:

“Dolphin striker”

A

A means of distributing the mast and rig loads on a catamaran. On beach cats this is an open structure. In most cruising cats this is either part of the bridgedeck construction or is mounted inside the main beam.

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7
Q

Define or explain the following:

Anchor Bridles

A

Anchor bridles: reduce the “sailing” at anchor common to all multihulls. This should be over 150% of the beam of the boat.

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8
Q

Define or explain the following:

“Galley up”

A

Galley up is when the galley is up in the bridgedeck cabin — more spacious and social but makes the bridgedeck very “tall.” Allows for private cabin areas. Galley down is when the galley is in one of the hulls — allows less clutter in the bridge cabin, more attractive in smaller boat (less need for standing room in the bridge cabin, opens up the bridgedeck cabin for saloon service). Galley mess hidden out of the way.

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9
Q

Define or explain the following:

Multihull Stability

A

Multihulls have great initial stability but will, once pressed too far, flip to an equally stabile inverted position. Made efficient by having the beams be wide apart (form stability) vs. primarily keel weight of a monohull.

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10
Q

Define or explain the following:

Nacelle

A

On some low bridgedeck and narrow hulled catamarans a nacelle between the bows smoothes the waves a bit and allows a large storage area. Appears as if almost a trimaran. This has grown into disfavor on new designs but may be seen on older narrow beam boats.

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11
Q

True or False

The stability of a cruising cat is so great that working in the galley requires no safety precautions.

A

False

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12
Q

True or False

Storing all the heavy drinks, food and water in one hull and all the light personal gear and bedding in the other makes it easy to find things and won’t unbalance even the smallest cruising cat.

A

False

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13
Q

True or False

Catamarans, especially large spacious charter cats, have excellent windward ability.

A

False

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14
Q

True or False

Placing two engines close to the centerline of the boat makes it harder to operate with one engine out of service.

A

False

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15
Q

True or False

Shoal draft, high windage and low weight cause the catamaran to drift quickly when not sailing or powering.

A

True

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16
Q

True or False

Towing the dinghy is necessary because there is little room and no safe place to store it on a multihull.

A

False

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17
Q

True or False

Having full standing headroom in the bridgedeck cabin usually increases overall height or reduces under deck clearance.

A

True

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18
Q

True or False

Crew fatigue during a passage is less problematic because of low heel angles and less rolling motion.

A

True

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19
Q

True or False

When turning a large twin engine catamaran in close quarters the use of one engine in forward and the other in reverse is common.

A

True

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20
Q

True or False

Sea anchors hold the bow toward the wind and allow for a minimum of leeway when deployed in heavy weather.

A

True

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21
Q

True or False

Because of low heel angles and less severe rolling, the multihull is not in need of jack lines and harnesses in rough weather.

A

False

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22
Q

True or False

When running in following seas the multihull will easily round-up and broach.

A

False

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23
Q

True or False

The windage on a multihull is the greatest factor in its ability to accelerate and decelerate.

A

True

24
Q

True or False

Reefing a large cruising catamaran might require less effort than on a monohull.

A

False

25
Q

True or False

A cruising cat with counter-rotating propellers will back to port with both engines in reverse.

A

False

26
Q

A cruising multihull will be ________ faster than the same size monohull.

a. 50%–70%
b. 5%–10%
c. 20%–30%
d. depends on the displacement, loading, sail area, hull sizes and shapes

A

d. depends on the displacement, loading, sail area, hull sizes and shapes

27
Q

In heavy weather ________ is the most critical to the safety of the multihull boat and crew.

a. Clockwise currents
b. Loading the hulls evenly
c. Helm station position
d. Steering in following seas
e. Mast height

A

b. Loading the hulls evenly

28
Q

When rafting multihulls and monohulls together ________ .

a. Watch positions of the rigs to prevent contact when rolling
b. Pick anchorage carefully for a minimum of rolling
c. Windage in a raft-up is normally high; adding multihulls doubles the need for proper anchoring
d. All of the above

A

d. All of the above

29
Q

When maneuvering in a confined area ________ is the biggest concern to multihull operators.

a. Wind
b. Current
c. Beam of the boat
d. Number of opening ports
e. Number of crew

A

a. Wind (confined area)

30
Q

Sailing or powering a multihull into large seas will ________ .

a. Not pound on the bridgedeck
b. Make slow progress
c. Give a gentle ride to the crew
d. Have dry decks

A

b. Make slow progress

31
Q

At anchor, to reduce sailing on the hulls, ________ should NOT be used?

a. Bridle to a single anchor
b. Bahamian moored
c. Med. moored
d. Bow and stern
e. Single anchor on short scope

A

e. Single anchor on short scope

32
Q

When dragging anchor in a multihull. The first response is to ________.

a. Deploy a second anchor
b. Cast off and motor away
c. Call for assistance
d. Reduce scope
e. Increase scope

A

e. Increase scope

33
Q

A beached or aground multihull will not lay on its side like a monohull but ________ precautions need to be observed.

a. Positions of hull mounted electronics
b. Damage to keels or daggerboards
c. Vulnerability of propellers and shafts
d. Damage to rudders
e. All of the above

A

e. All of the above

34
Q

Catamarans having a narrow beam for docking ________.

a. Have high performance
b. Have large sail areas
c. Have compromised performance and stability
d. Handle heavy weather well

A

c. Have compromised performance and stability

35
Q

The forward netting, common to many multihulls, is a great place to lay out, read, stow the dinghy, but needs to be inspected for chafe, UV damage and ________.

a. Bird droppings
b. Broken or damaged mounting hardware
c. Sun tanning products
d. Trapped fish

A

b. Broken or damaged mounting hardware

36
Q

Some multihulls have daggerboards or centerboards in the hulls. Indicate the pros (P) and cons (C) of these devices.

Jam in the trunk

A

C

37
Q

Some multihulls have daggerboards or centerboards in the hulls. Indicate the pros (P) and cons (C) of these devices.

Improves windward performance

A

P

38
Q

Some multihulls have daggerboards or centerboards in the hulls. Indicate the pros (P) and cons (C) of these devices.

Access to shallower water

A

P

39
Q

Some multihulls have daggerboards or centerboards in the hulls. Indicate the pros (P) and cons (C) of these devices.

May allow beaching

A

P

40
Q

Some multihulls have daggerboards or centerboards in the hulls. Indicate the pros (P) and cons (C) of these devices.

Easy to forget to pull up when entering shallow water

A

C

41
Q

Some multihulls have daggerboards or centerboards in the hulls. Indicate the pros (P) and cons (C) of these devices.

Easy to forget when needing a “bite” in the water for turning and going to weather.

A

C

42
Q

Some multihulls have daggerboards or centerboards in the hulls. Indicate the pros (P) and cons (C) of these devices.

More positive turning control

A

P

43
Q

Crew overboard return and recovery can be difficult on a monohull. Describe five of the limitations and advantages of a multihull in COB return and recovery.

A

Limits: Slow response, large turning area under sail, rapid way loss, poor visibility for helmsman, propellers very close to MOB and any other answer that makes sense.

Advantages: More stable platform under sail, ease of dinghy launch, davits/arch for MOB recovery, may have lower freeboard (especially at aft section) than same size monohull, better maneuverability with twon engines versus single engine on monohull and any other answer that makes sense

44
Q

Extra caution is needed when a swimmer or MOB is in the water and the engines are on.

a. They could breathe the exhaust gasses
b. The exhaust water is very hot and may burn them
c. The propellers are mounted on narrow hulls and just a few feet under water
d. The boat may be operating the water maker

A

c. The propellers are mounted on narrow hulls and just a few feet under water

45
Q

Although usually conservatively rigged for charter operations, the cruising catamaran can be overpowered. What conditions need to be watched for safe operation?

a. Heel angles greater than 10 degrees
b. Windward hull getting “light”
c. Combinations of wind and waves causing steep angles of pitch and roll
d. Excess speed when running allowing the bows to bury in the back of the wave ahead
e. All of the above

A

e. All of the above

46
Q

When on a broad reach in heavy seas and strong wind conditions it is important to

a. Head up so the wind is on your beam in gusts.
b. Bear away in the gusts.

A

b. Bear away in the gusts.

47
Q

While sailing close hauled (beating) in a fresh breeze, the helm is turned to fall off to a broad reach. The boat doesn’t change heading. What is going on in this situation?

a. The rudders have disconnected
b. The large mainsail is acting as a wind vane
c. The boat has improperly stowed gear and is off balance
d. The seas are too high to fall off
e. The helmsman is incompetent

A

b. The large mainsail is acting as a wind vane

48
Q

In the question above the helm doesn’t change the direction of the boat. What can be done to allow the rudders to work properly?

a. Loose water jugs are moved amidships
b. The engines are turned on
c. The jib sheet is eased
d. The mainsheet is eased

A

d. The mainsheet is eased

49
Q

Close quarter handling is made difficult by the wide beam and poor visibility from the steering station but made easier by

a. Narrow hulls
b. High freeboard
c. Generally light weight
d. Twin engine control
e. Twin swim steps

A

d. Twin engine control

50
Q

Casting off a dock is greatly helped by

a. Crew pushing off
b. Short rudders
c. Running springlines
d. Doubled bow lines

A

c. Running springlines

51
Q

The illustration shows twin engine configuration common on the larger charter catamarans. With the starboard engine in reverse, the port engine in neutral and rudders amidships; which direction would the stern be pushed?

a. Left
b. Right
c. No change of direction

A

a. Left

52
Q

With engines at idle, port engine in forward, and the starboard engine in reverse, rudders amidship, the boat would maneuver in which direction?

a. pivot around the port hull
b. pivot around the starboard hull
c. pivot around a central point.

A

b. pivot around the starboard hull

53
Q

What property is in force in the last question?

a. The hulls are asymmetrical
b. The boat is loaded improperly
c. Too many crew are aboard
d. The propellers are more efficient in forward than reverse

A

d. The propellers are more efficient in forward than reverse

54
Q

Everything about boats and boating is a series of compromises. Describe your understanding of two advantages and two disadvantages of cruising catamarans versus monohulls.

A

For the same “size” boat the catamaran affords more living space, less load carrying capacity, more cost, more comfort, greater privacy, better engine on control, dual charging capacity, more stable deck area, room for the dinghy, perhaps more speed, shallower anchorage, perhaps beaching and drying out for bottom work, … higher cost, higher slip fees, stigma of capsize

55
Q

Mast support on a multihull, especially a catamaran, is a challenge. The methods for mast support and maintaining column are different for multihulls. Although not specifically mentioned in the textbook there are several differences from monohulls. Describe four differences.

A

Tripod rigging. Diamond stays, multiple spreaders and intermediates in diamond, non-keel mounted dolphin striker, structure loading different.

56
Q

The stability of multihulls is such that they are equally stable inverted as upright. Although extremely rare in non-racing conditions and basic safety practices are being followed; it could happen. What are the decisions if a capsize should happen? Place in priority order and be prepared to discuss them with your instructor.

a. Stay with the boat; it will not sink.
b. Many manufacturers have under wing deck access hatches. Use them to access crew and equipment
c. Secure hatches, doors and lockers to prevent losing more equipment
d. Assure all are accounted for and injured taken care of
e. If offshore and rescue is not certain, convert interior to usable shelter.
f. Attempt to make contact via radio (handheld) and/or activate the EPIRB
g. Locate and make secure vital supplies and distress signals
h. Enter life raft only if sinking is certain

A

a, d, g, c, b, f, e, h

Sailing (4 decks)

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