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Chemistry > AS Reactions And Mecanisms > Flashcards

AS Reactions And Mecanisms Flashcards

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1
Q

Thermal cracking conditions?

A

700-1200k, 7000KPa

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2
Q

Catalytic cracking conditions?

A

720K, zeolite catalyst

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3
Q

Reactions inside a catalytic converter?

A

2CO +2NO ———> N2 + 2CO2

Hydrocarbons + nitrogen oxide ——>nitrogen + carbon dioxide + water

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4
Q

Reaction of methane with chlorine-

A

CH4 + Cl2 ——-> CH3Cl + HCl

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5
Q

Reaction of methane with chlorine ( initiation step)

A

Cl2 ———-> Cl. + Cl. (UV light)

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6
Q

Reaction of methane with chlorine (propagation steps)

A

Cl. + CH4 ——-> HCl + CH3.

CH3 + Cl2 ——-> CH3Cl + Cl.

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7
Q

Reaction of methane with chlorine (termination step)

A

Cl. + Cl. ———> Cl2

CH3. + CH3. ——-> C2H6

Cl. + CH3. ———> CH3Cl

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8
Q

Reaction of halogenoalkanes with aqueous hydroxide ions mechanism, reagents and conditions:

A

Mechanism: Nucleophilic substitution

Reagents: aqueous NaOH/ KOH

Conditions: Use éthanol to dissolve halogenoalkanes

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9
Q

Reaction of halogenoalkanes with cyanide ions: mechanism, reagents and conditions?

A

Mechanism: nucleophilic substitution

Reagents: aqueous KCN

Conditions: ethanolic

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10
Q

Reaction of halogenoalkanes with ammonia: mechanism, reagents and conditions?

A

Mechanism: nucleophilic substitution

Reagents: concentrated NH3

Conditions: ethanolic, pressure.

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11
Q

Reactions of halogenoalkanes with ethanolic hydroxide ions: mechanism, reagents and conditions?

A

Mechanism: elimination

Reagents: NaOH, KOH

Conditions: ethanolic, no water present, heat

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12
Q

Décomposition of ozone by chlorine atoms

A

Cl. + O3 ———> ClO. + O2

ClO. + O3 ————> 2O2 + Cl.

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13
Q

Reaction of alkenes with hydrogen bromide mechanism

A

electrophilic addition

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14
Q

Reaction of alkenes with sulphuric acid: mechanism, reagents and conditions?

A

Mechanism: electrophilic addition

Reagents: concentrated sulphuric acid

Conditions: room temperature

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15
Q

Reaction of alkenes with bromine: mechanism, reagents and conditions?

A

Mechanism: electrophilic addition

Reagents: halogen solution

Conditions: organic solvent

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16
Q

Production of ethanol by hydration of an alkene: mechanism and catalyst

A

Mechanism: electrophilic addition

Catalyst: phosphoric acid

17
Q

Production of ethanol by fermentation of glucose: reaction and conditions

A

C6H12O6 ————-> 2C2H5OH + 2CO2

Conditions: aqueous sugar solution, no oxygen, 35 degrees

18
Q

Oxidation of primary alcohols: reaction, reagents and conditions

A

Reaction: CH3CH2OH + [O] ————> CH3CHO + H2O

Reagents: acidified K2Cr2O7 / H2SO4

Conditions: Distillation, heat gently

19
Q

Oxidation of secondary alcohols: reaction, reagents and conditions

A

Reaction: CH3CH(OH)CH3 + [O] ———-> CH3COCH3 + H2O

Reagents: acidified K2Cr2O7/ H2SO4

Conditions: distillation, heat gently

20
Q

Oxidation of aldehydes: reaction, reagents and conditions

A

Reaction: CH3CHO + [O] ————> CH3COOH

Reagent: K2Cr2O7 / H2SO4

Conditions: Distillation, heat gently

21
Q

Elimination reactions of alcohol to form alkenes: mechanism, reagents and conditions

A

Mechanism: elimination —-> dehydration reaction

Reagents: excess concentrated H2SO4

Conditions: heat, Al2O3 catalyst

Chemistry (2 decks)

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