AS Reactions And Mecanisms Flashcards
Thermal cracking conditions?
700-1200k, 7000KPa
Catalytic cracking conditions?
720K, zeolite catalyst
Reactions inside a catalytic converter?
2CO +2NO ———> N2 + 2CO2
Hydrocarbons + nitrogen oxide ——>nitrogen + carbon dioxide + water
Reaction of methane with chlorine-
CH4 + Cl2 ——-> CH3Cl + HCl
Reaction of methane with chlorine ( initiation step)
Cl2 ———-> Cl. + Cl. (UV light)
Reaction of methane with chlorine (propagation steps)
Cl. + CH4 ——-> HCl + CH3.
CH3 + Cl2 ——-> CH3Cl + Cl.
Reaction of methane with chlorine (termination step)
Cl. + Cl. ———> Cl2
CH3. + CH3. ——-> C2H6
Cl. + CH3. ———> CH3Cl
Reaction of halogenoalkanes with aqueous hydroxide ions mechanism, reagents and conditions:
Mechanism: Nucleophilic substitution
Reagents: aqueous NaOH/ KOH
Conditions: Use éthanol to dissolve halogenoalkanes
Reaction of halogenoalkanes with cyanide ions: mechanism, reagents and conditions?
Mechanism: nucleophilic substitution
Reagents: aqueous KCN
Conditions: ethanolic
Reaction of halogenoalkanes with ammonia: mechanism, reagents and conditions?
Mechanism: nucleophilic substitution
Reagents: concentrated NH3
Conditions: ethanolic, pressure.
Reactions of halogenoalkanes with ethanolic hydroxide ions: mechanism, reagents and conditions?
Mechanism: elimination
Reagents: NaOH, KOH
Conditions: ethanolic, no water present, heat
Décomposition of ozone by chlorine atoms
Cl. + O3 ———> ClO. + O2
ClO. + O3 ————> 2O2 + Cl.
Reaction of alkenes with hydrogen bromide mechanism
electrophilic addition
Reaction of alkenes with sulphuric acid: mechanism, reagents and conditions?
Mechanism: electrophilic addition
Reagents: concentrated sulphuric acid
Conditions: room temperature
Reaction of alkenes with bromine: mechanism, reagents and conditions?
Mechanism: electrophilic addition
Reagents: halogen solution
Conditions: organic solvent