AS Chemistry: Unit 1, Module 5, Introduction to organic chemistry

Question 0

Naturally occurring

Answer 0

Carbohydrates, fats, proteins

Question 1

Organic chemistry

Answer 1

Chemistry of compounds containing carbon

Question 2

Synthetic

Answer 2

Plastics, medicines, dyes

Question 3

Bonds on a carbon

Answer 3

4

Question 4

Bonds on hydrogen

Answer 4

1

Question 5

Bonds on oxygen

Answer 5

2

Question 6

Bonds on nitrogen

Answer 6

3

Question 7

Bonds on halogens

Answer 7

1

Question 8

Aliphatic compounds

Answer 8

Open chain of carbon atoms

Question 9

Alycyclic compounds

Answer 9

Closed ring of carbon atoms

Question 10

Aromatic compound

Answer 10

Closed ring of carbon atom that contains a benzene ring

Question 11

Hydrocarbons

Answer 11

Contain carbon and hydrogen atoms only

Question 12

What bonds do Alkanes have?

Answer 12

Carbon to Carbon single bonds only

Question 13

What does saturated mean

Answer 13

Contains only carbon to carbon single bonds

Question 14

What is the general formula for Alkanes?

Answer 14

CnH2n+2

Question 15

Methane

Answer 15

CH₄

Question 16

Ethane

Answer 16

C₂H₆

Question 17

Propane

Answer 17

C₃H₈

Question 18

Butane

Answer 18

C₄H₁₀

Question 19

Pentane

Answer 19

C₅H₁₂

Question 20

Hexane

Answer 20

C₆H₁₄

Question 21

Alkyle group of Methane (name and formula)

Answer 21

Methyl CH₃

Question 22

Alkyle group of Ethane (name and formula)

Answer 22

Ethyl C₂H₅

Question 23

Alkyle group of Propane (name and formula)

Answer 23

Prophyl C₃H₇

Question 24

Alkyle group of Butane (name and formula)

Answer 24

Buthyl C₄H₉

Question 25

Alkyle group of Pentane (name and formula)

Answer 25

Penthyl C₅H₁₁

Question 26

Alkyle group of Hexane (name and formula)

Answer 26

Hexhyl C₆H₁₃

Question 27

Homologous series

Answer 27

A family of molecules which all contain the same functional group, but an increasing number of carbon atoms. They have the same chemical properties and a graduation in physical properties.

Question 28

Empirical formula

Answer 28

The simplest ratio of atoms of each element in a compound.

Question 29

Molecular formula

Answer 29

The actual number of atoms of each element present in a molecule.

Question 30

Structural formula

Answer 30

Shows the arrangement of atoms in a molecule in a simplified form. (no bonds shown).

Question 31

Displayed formula

Answer 31

Shows how the atoms are arranged in space (every atom and bond is shown).

Question 32

Skeletal formula

Answer 32

Shows the carbon skeleton only, at every bend is a carbon atom with the correct number of hydrogen atoms.

Question 33

Structural isomers

Answer 33

Compounds with the same molecular formula but different structures.

Question 34

Functional group

Answer 34

An atom or group of atoms which, when present in different molecules, cause them to have similar chemical properties.

Question 35

what is the general formula for alkanes?

Answer 35

CnH2n+2

Question 36

What is the suffix of an alkane?

Answer 36

-ane

Question 37

What is the functional group for alkanes?

Answer 37

It does not have one.

Question 38

Why do alkanes not have a functional group?

Answer 38

They are the parent hydrocarbon.

Question 39

An example of an alkane.

Answer 39

Ethane C₂H₆

Question 40

What is the general formula for alkenes?

Answer 40

CnH2n

Question 41

What is the suffix of an alkene?

Answer 41

-ene

Question 42

What is the functional group of an alkene?

Answer 42

Carbon double bond. (C=C)

Question 43

An example of an alkene.

Answer 43

Ethene C₂H₄

Question 44

What is the general formula for haloalkanes?

Answer 44

CnH2n+1X (X=Halogen)

Question 45

What is the prefix of an haloalkane?

Answer 45

Halo-

Question 46

What is the functional group of a haloalkane?

Answer 46

A halogen atom (-F, -Cl, -Br, -I)

Question 47

An example of a haloalkane.

Answer 47

Chloroethane CH₃CH₂Cl

Question 48

What are the 2 types of isomerism?

Answer 48

Structural isomerism and stereoisomerism.

Question 49

Structural isomerism.

Answer 49

Compounds with the same molecular formula, but with a different structural formula.

Question 50

What are the 3 types of structural isomerism?

Answer 50

Chain, Position, functional group.

Question 51

When does chain isomerism occur?

Answer 51

When there is two or more ways of arranging the carbon skeleton of a molecule.

Question 52

How many isomers are there if there is only 1 carbon atom?

Answer 52

1

Question 53

How many isomers are there if there is only 2 carbon atom?

Answer 53

1

Question 54

How many isomers are there if there is only 3 carbon atom?

Answer 54

1

Question 55

How many isomers are there if there is only 4 carbon atom?

Answer 55

2

Question 56

How many isomers are there if there is only 5 carbon atom?

Answer 56

3

Question 57

How many isomers are there if there is only 6 carbon atom?

Answer 57

5

Question 58

What is position isomerism?

Answer 58

When the molecule has the same carbon skeleton and the same functional group, but the functional group is joined at different places on the carbon skeleton.

Question 59

What is functional group isomerism?

Answer 59

When the molecule has a different functional group and therefore has different chemical properties.