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as chemistry > as chemistry module 2 > Flashcards

as chemistry module 2 Flashcards

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1
Q

atom

A

the building blocks of all matter made from protons, neutrons and electrons

atoms have no overall charge

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2
Q

ion

A

an atom or group of atoms with an overall charge

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3
Q

proton

A

a sun-atomic particle found in the nucleus of the atom with a relative mass of 1 and relative charge of +1

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4
Q

neutron

A

sub-atomic particle found in the nucleus of the atom with a relative mass of 1 and relative charge of zero

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5
Q

electron

A

a sub-atomic particle found in the energy levels/shells around the atom with a relative mass of 1/2000 and relative charge of -1

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6
Q

atomic number

A

the number of protons in the atom

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7
Q

mass number

A

the number of protons + the number of neutrons in the atom

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8
Q

isotope

A

atoms of the same element containing different numbers of neutrons

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9
Q

element

A

a substance containing only one type of atom

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10
Q

molecule

A

a small group of covalently bonded atoms

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11
Q

compound

A

a substance containing more than one type of atom which are chemically bonded

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12
Q

mixture

A

a substance containing more than one type of element which are not chemically bonded

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13
Q

ammonium

A

NH4 +

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14
Q

hydroxide

A

OH -

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15
Q

nitrate

A

NO3 -

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16
Q

carbonate

A

CO3 2-

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17
Q

sulfate

A

SO4 2-

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18
Q

relative atomic mass

A

weighted mean mass of an atom compared to 1/12th of the mass of carbon-12

19
Q

relative isotopic mass

A

mass of an isotope of an atom compared to 1/12th of the mass of of atom of carbon-12

20
Q

relative molecular mass (Mr)

A

the weighted mean mass of a molecule compared to 1/12th of the mass of an atom of carbon-12

21
Q

relative formula mass (Mr)

A

the weighted mean mass of a formula unit compared to 1/12th of the mass of an atom of carbon-12

22
Q

empirical formula

A

the simplest whole number ratio or atoms of each element in a compound

23
Q

molecular formula

A

the actual number of atoms of each element in a compound

24
Q

the mole

A

the amount of any substance that contains the same number of particles as there are carbon atoms in 12 g of carbon-12

25
Q

how to work out moles?

A

n = m/Mr
n= number of particles/Avogadro’s constant
n= c x v
n- volume dm 3 /24 dm 3

26
Q

ideal gas equation

A

pv = nrt

p = pressure in Pa
v= volume in m 3
n = number of moles
r = gas constant 8.314 J K -1 mol -1
t = temperature in K
27
Q

Sulfuric acid

A

H2SO4

28
Q

Hydrochloric acid

A

HCl

29
Q

Nitric acid

A

HNO3

30
Q

Ethanoic acid

A

CH3COOH

31
Q

acids

A

release H+ ions (protons) when added to water

32
Q

sodium hydroxide

A

NaOH

33
Q

Ammonia

A

NH3

34
Q

Copper (II) oxide

A

CUO

35
Q

Potassium Carbonate

A

K2CO3

36
Q

bases

A

accept H+ ions (protons) when added to water

37
Q

alkali

A

soluble base

38
Q

strong acids/alkalis

A

are fully dissociated/ionised

39
Q

weak acids/alkalis

A

are partially dissociated/ionised

40
Q

acids with alkalis

A

acid + alkali = salt + water

41
Q

acids with metal oxides

A

acid + metal oxide = salt + water

42
Q

acids with metal carbonates

A

acid + metal carbonate = salt + water + carbon dioxide

43
Q

salt

A

a substance formed when the H+ ion of an acid is replaced by a metal ion or an ammonium ion

as chemistry (3 decks)

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