ARTIFICIAL FAMILY PLANNING Flashcards
*Inhibition of ovulation
* Makes cervical mucus thick and scanty
* Prevention of implantation
*Inhibition of capacitation
hormonal contraceptives
- are progestin only or a
combination of progestin and
estrogen, the daily intake of
which prevents pregnancy. - For women 18-35 years of
age - For women with heavy &
painful menstruation
oral contraceptive pills
how many day packets in oral contraceptive pills?
21 / 28 - combination type
35 - progestin only type
Oral contraceptive pills are highly effective (___%) when taken regularly
99.7%
true or false - there is spotting in between menses when taking oral contra pills
true
true or false - emotional irritability and weight gain is a side effect of oral contra pills
true
4 kinds of of combined oral contraceptive pills / COCP?
- monophasic low dose
- biphasic
- triphasic
- morning-after
- with 21 active tablets
- with fixed concentration of estrogen
& progestin - Examples: Logentrol, Marvelon, Trust
Monophasic low-dose pills
- estrogen remains the same
throughout the cycle - less progestin in 1 st half & increased in 2nd half
- Example: Gracial
Biphasic pills
- contains lower hormonal content
- with both estrogen & progestin in
different amounts - Examples: Logynon, Triquilar
Triphasic Pills
- a.k.a. Post-coital contraception pills or Emergency contraceptive pills (ECPs)
- act both to prevent ovulation or fertilization)
Morning After PIlls
example of progestin only pills
excluton
true or false - pills can be given to those who experience migraine and blood clotting disorders
false
true or false - it is ok to smoke when taking pills
false
During lactation, COCPs should be withheld until ___ months after delivery or until the infant is weaned,
whichever comes earlier
6
Women using ___ and ___, reduce
the effectiveness of the pills, should be prescribed the
50 mcg estrogen pills
rifampicin and anticonvulsants
After the third month of use of pills, check ___ and ___
of the client.
BP and weight
The pills should be taken ___ daily preferably at the same time of the day
per orem
Initial dose should be taken at day ___ or at any day from
day 1 to day 5 of the menstrual cycle; then 1 tablet daily
until the contents of the whole packet are consumed
day 1
Clients using the 28-day packet should start a new packet
on the ___
next day
Those using the 21-day packet should start a new packet
after ___
a 7 day rest period
what to do if you miss one pill?
take it as soon as she remembers, and take another at the usual time. (ok lang kahit 2 per day!)
what to do if you miss 2-4 pills on the first 14 days?
- take the recently missed pill as soon as she remembers
- discard the other missed pills
- continue the packet
- avoid coitus for 7 days
what to do if you miss 2-4 pills on the 15th-21st days?
- take the recently missed pill as soon as she remembers
- discard the other missed pills
- continue the packet
- avoid coitus for 7 days
++ RETURN TO FP CLINIC FOR CONSULTATION
what to do if you miss 4 or more pills?
- counsel the client that this method is not for them
- assist to choose another method
ACHES symptoms = consult immediately, what is ACHES?
- abd pain (severe)
- chest pain or SOB
- headaches (severe)
- eye problems - blurred vision
- severe leg or arm pain or numbness
- A transdermal patch applied to the skin that
releases synthetic estrogen and progestin
hormones to prevent pregnancy.
contraceptive patch
where is the patch typically worn?
- lower abd
- upper outer arm
- buttocks
- thigh
how long do you wear a patch?
- worn for one week
- changed at the same day every week
- 3x per month only, 4th week is patch free
example of contraceptive patch?
ortho evra
- a steroidal hormone resembling the female hormone called progesterone.
- It is injected intramuscularly deep into the upper outer quadrant of the buttock or the
deltoid area of the arm.
progestin-only injectables
injectables are ___% effective
99
brands of injectables available
1 mL 150 mg - Depo-Medroxyprogesterone Acetate (Depo-Provera)
3 mL 150 mg DMPA (Depo Trust)
1 mL ampule 200 mg Norethisterone enanthate (Noristerat)
one of the advantages of injectables is that it helps prevent cancer of the ___ and ___
uterus and ovaries
when getting injectables, return to fertility is delayed – average is about ___ months from the last injection
10
when to give DMPA?
- within first 7 days of menses
- within first 14 days after abortion
- within first 28 days after delivery if not BF
- between 6 weeks and 6 months for fully BF even if she is amenorrheic
warning signs of injectables
- heavy bleeding > 7 days
- delayed menses
- migraine
- severe abd pain
- frequent urination
inserted under the skin in the woman’s upper arm or forearm though a minor surgical procedure under local anesthesia, which releases progestin at a controlled rate
subdermal implants
viability:
The 6 – capsule levonorgestrel implant system
(Norplant®)
7 years
viability:
The 2 – rod system containing 75 mg of levonorgestrel
(Jadelle®)
5 years
viability:
The single – rod system (Implanon®), which releases
etonogestrel
3 years
true or false - subdermal implants are reversible and fertility returns almost immediately after removed
true
true or false - subdermal implants have side effects such as nausea and vomiting
false
true or false - subdermal implants help prevent iron-deficiency anemia and reduces risk of ectopic pregnancies and endometrial cancer
true
Small flexible devices made of metal and/or plastic or silastic inserted inside the uterine
cavity to prevent pregnancy
intrauterine device
IUD is ___% effective
99.4
- Prevents fertilization
*Inhibits sperm migration in the upper
female genital tract
*Inhibits ovum transport and fertilization
IUD
true or false - The IUD, copper T380-A, can be inserted any time during the cycle.
true
who inserts the IUD?
- doctors
- PHN
- midwife
Client’s check up / follow up – ___ months after insertion, and once a year thereafter
1, 6, and 12
warning signals of IUD (PAINS)
- periods late with sx of pregnancy
- abd pain or dyspareunia
- infection, abnormal discharge
- not feeling well, fever, chills
- string missing, shorter, or longer
barrier method - Creams, Jellies, Foams, Suppositories, Tablets
spermicides
spermicides Can be used as early as ___ minutes before sex to
avoid interruption
15
- Dome shaped shallow rubber cap inserted in the vagina
- Should be left for 6 hours
- Requires the use of contraceptive cream, jelly or foam
diaphragm
diaphragm method is ___% effective with perfect use
94
2 mechanism of action of diaphragm
- blocks the sperm
- acts as spermicide
Cap-shaped device made
of soft rubber that fits
over the cervix
* Also uses spermicide
cervical cap
cervical cap method is ___% effective when perfectly used by parous women
74
cervical cap Can be inserted ___ hours or more prior to sex act
6
- Thin rubber sheath worn
on erected penis - different colors and flavors
- 98% effective
male condom
A thin sheath (polyurethane plastic), (7-8 cm in diameter and 17 cm long.) 95% effective
female condom
➢ tying, cutting or
blocking the fallopian
tube
➢ 10-15 min operation
➢ Ovum is trapped out of
the fallopian tube
bilateral tubal ligation
bilateral tubal ligation procedure after a woman gives birth is called?
Minilaparotomy
➢Blocking / tying or cutting of
the vas deferens
➢15-30 ejaculation thereafter
to achieve a zero sperm
count
➢99.9% effective
vasectomy
vasectomy is Very effective ___ months after the procedure
3
