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Articulatory phonetics Flashcards

1
Q

What is articulatory phonetics?

A

The science of speech/ the description of speech sounds according to their production

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2
Q

What is acoustic phonetics?

A

The relationship between articulation and the acoustic signal (transmission), frequency, intensity, duration

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3
Q

What is auditory phonetics?

A

Perception of acoustic signal

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4
Q

What are the two types of airflow used in speech?

A

1) Series of air pulses caused by the action of vocal folds (voicing/phonation)
2) continues airflow (voiceless sounds, VF abducted)

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5
Q

What are the boundaries of the vocal tract?

A

Lips to glottis

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6
Q

What movements are there that change the length in the vocal tract?

A

1) upward and downward movement of the larynx

1) Forward and backward movement of the lips

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7
Q

What articulators are most important/constrict airflow?

A

(tongue, lips, velopharynx) constrict airflow; jaw

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8
Q

What are the characteristics of vowels?

A
  • -Open(no significant constriction), sonorous (louder)

- -voiced except during whisper

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9
Q

What are the characteristics of vowels?

A
  • -Open(no significant constriction), more sonorant (louder)
  • -voiced except during whisper
  • -function as syllable nuclei
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10
Q

Can vowels constitute syllables by themselves?

A

Yes ex: ago

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11
Q

What are the glides in GAE?

A

/j/ /w/

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12
Q

What are the liquids in GAE?

A

/l/ /r/

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13
Q

What are the nasals in GAE?

A

/m/ /n/ /ng/

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14
Q

What are the voiced fricatives in GAE?

A

/ʒ/ /v/ /ð//z/ /ɦ/

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15
Q

What are the voiceless fricatives in GAE?

A

/h/ /ʃ/ /f/ /s/ /θ/

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16
Q

What are the voiceless fricatives in GAE?

A

/h/ /ʃ/ /f/ /s/ /θ/

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17
Q

What are the voiced affricates in GAE?

A

/d͡ʒ/

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18
Q

What are the voiceless affricates in GAE?

A

/tʃ/

19
Q

What are the voiced stops in GAE?

A

/b/ /d/ /g/

20
Q

What are the voiceless stops in GAE?

A

/p/ /t/ /k/

21
Q

What are the categories of sonorant consonants?

A

Glides, liquids, nasals

22
Q

What are the categories of obstruent consonants?

A

Fricatives, affricates, stops

23
Q

What are the characteristics of consonants?

A
  • -voiced or voiceless
  • -significant constriction in oral/pharyngeal cavities
  • -sonorant or obstruent
  • -usually not syllable nuclei
24
Q

What are the two most commonly used classifiers for vowels?

A

Position relative to plate (high-low, front-back) and degree of muscle activity (tense or lax)

25
Q

What is the least common classifier for vowels?

A

Open/closed (relative proximity of the tongue to the roof)

26
Q

What is a digraph/what is considered one?

A

Have 2 elements ex: dipthongs, affricates, clusters

27
Q

What is the difference between phonemic and nonphonemic dipthongs?

A

In phonemic dipthongs both sounds are crucial. If one sound is left out the meaning is changed. This is not true with nonphonemic dipthongs.

28
Q

Are all GAE dipthongs rising or falling?

A

Rising (low to high)

29
Q

What is the name of the first element in a dipthong?

A

Onglide

30
Q

What is the name of the last element in a dipthong?

A

Offglide

31
Q

What are the bilabial sounds?

A

p, b, m, w,

32
Q

WHat are the labiodental sounds? What is the tongue doing?

A

/f, v/ . Neutral

33
Q

What are the interdental sounds? What two ways to produce?

A

/th/. Friction noise tongue tip and teeth (incisors)

Interdental (between teeth)
Dental(behind teeth)

34
Q

Why are both visual and auditory info crucial for assessment?

A

th and f are very similar

35
Q

What are the alveolar sounds?

A

n, t, d, l, s, z

36
Q

What is the difference between /t/ d/ and /n/

A

THink place voice manner and VP port. Only idfference between n and d = VP port. If sick, sound same

37
Q

What are the three types of /l/?

A

Light(linguodental=prevocalic, contact necessary, front

Dark(linguoalveolar=postvocalis, back, contact not necessary

Syllabic (sometimes considered dark)

38
Q

What are the velar sounds? How made?

A

/k, n, ng/

Tongue dorsum contacts roof of mouth

39
Q

How is /ng/ different to /k/ and /g/?

A

ng open VP port

40
Q

What are the glottal sounds?

A

/h ?/

41
Q

What are the two types of allophonic distribution?

A

Complimentary distribution (don’t occur in same environment) and free distribution (can occur in same environment)

42
Q

Which type of transcription utilizes diacritics?

A

Narrow transcription

43
Q

When would you use diacritics?

A

atypical sound not explained by the phonetic environment

Advanced SSD (2 decks)

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