articulations quiz Flashcards
synarthrosis
joint allows no motion between bones
amphiarthrosis
joint allows for only small amount of motion between articulating bones
diarthrosis
joint allows for a wide range of motion between articulating bones
fibrous joint
joints held together by dense regular collagenous connective tissue, neither synovial cavity nor articular capsule
suture example
skull
gomphosis example
tooth, mandible/maxilla
syndesmosis example
radius/ulna, fibula/tibia
cartilaginous joint
joints held together by cartilage, neither synovial cavity nor articular capsule
synchondrosis example
epiphyseal plate
symphisis examples
intervertebral joint, pubic symphsis
synovial joint
joints have fluid filled synovial cavity between bones that are enclosed within and articular capsule
gliding(plane)
simplest, least mobile, 2 bone surfaces who sit together, nonaxial
example: intercarpals of wrist, intertarsals of ankle
hinge
convex surface of one bone fits into a concave depression of another
example: elbow, knee, interphalangeal of toes and fingers
ellipsoid (condyloid)
biaxial joint in which oval convex surface of one bone fits into shallow concave of another
example: knuckles
pivot
unaxial joint where rounded surface of one bone fits into a groove on the surface of another
example: atlantoaxial joint between 1st and 2nd cervical vertebrae
saddle
complimentary fit
example: carpometacarpal between thumb and trapezium
ball and socket
multiaxial, ball shaped, fits into cup
example: shoulder and hip
abduction
moving away from body, subtracting
adduction
moving towards the body, adding
circumduction
a freely moveable distal bone moves around a stationary proximal bone in a cone-shaped motion.
depression
movement of a body part in an inferior direction
dorsiflexion
the angle between the foot and the tibia decreases
elevation
the mandible is pulled up toward the maxilla in a superior direction
eversion
which the plantar surface of the foot rotates laterally away from the midline of the body
extension
increases the angle between articulating bones.
flexion
decreases the angle between articulating bones by bringing the two bones closer together
inversion
otational motion of the foot in which the plantar surface (the sole of the foot) rotates medially toward the midline of the body (
lateral flexion
sideways movement, such as when you tilt your head to one side or the other toward the shoulder
opposition
involves movement of the thumb across the palmar surface of the hand
plantar flexion
the angle between the foot and the tibia increases—the toes point toward the ground
pronation
rotation of the hand and forearm so that the palm faces backwards or downwards.
rotation
nonangular, pivoting motion, in which one bone rotates or twists on an imaginary line running down its middle, known as its longitudinal axis.
internal rotation
point towards body midline
external rotation
point towards away midline
supination
rotation of the forearm and hand so that the palm faces forward or upward
hyperextension
extension beyond the anatomical position of the joint
reposition
return of the thumb to its anatomical position
protraction
moves a body part in the anterior direction.
retraction
the body part moves posteriorly
