Articular System ch.4 pt.1

Question 1

function of joint?

Answer 1

allow movement
provide stability

Question 2

joint that allows more mobility has less ___

Answer 2

stability

Question 3

joint surface movement?

Answer 3

arthrokinematics

Question 4

joint movement

Answer 4

osteokinematics

Question 5

3 ways joints are classified?

Answer 5

shape
type
function

Question 6

2 types of joints in musculoskeletal systems are?

Answer 6

synarthrosis
diathrosis

Question 7

synarthrosis joints are subdivided into which joints?

Answer 7

fibrous
cartilaginous joints

Question 8

which joint provides stability ?

Answer 8

synarthrosis

Question 9

which joint provides mobility?

Answer 9

diarthrosis

Question 10

type of fibrous joint w a thin layer of fibrous periosteum bt 2 bones?

Answer 10

sutures in the skull

Question 11

type of fibrous joint held together by ligaments, interosseous membrane

Answer 11

ligamentous

allow some twisting/stretching but mostly stability

Question 12

type of joint bt the tooth and wall of the mandible?

Answer 12

gomphosis

Question 13

which joint type provides stability while allowing small movements like bending, twisting, & compression?

Answer 13

cartilaginous joints

Question 14

2 cartilage types that are in cartilaginous joints?

Answer 14

hyaline cartilage
fibrocartilage - in the spine

Question 15

also called synovial joint providing more mobility than stability?

Answer 15

diarthrosis joint

Question 16

ligament

Answer 16

bone to bone fibrous connective tissue

nonelastic

attachments for cartilage, fascia, & sometimes muscles

Question 17

surrounds & encases a joint?

Answer 17

capsule

Question 18

Which vascular connective tissue secretes synovial fluid?

Answer 18

synovial membrane

Question 19

thick clear fluid primarily of water & dissolved protein

Answer 19

synovial fluid

Question 20

2 major functions of synovial fluid?

Answer 20

lubricates articular cartilage to reduce friction
&
serves as a major source of nutrition for articular cartilage `

Question 21

a dense, fibrous connective tissue that can withstand great amounts of pressure/tension?

Answer 21

cartilage

Question 22

what are the 3 basic types of cartilage in the body?

Answer 22

hyaline
fibrocartilage
elastic

Question 23

also known as articular cartilage, covers end of bones in a synovial joint

Answer 23

hyaline cartilage

• avascular
• cannot repair is damaged

Question 24

present in both synovial & cartilaginous joints

shock absorption

Answer 24

fibrocartilage

Question 25

is a ring of soft tissue or cartilage that surrounds the socket of a ball-and-socket joint, such as the shoulder or hip, to provide stability and support

Answer 25

Labrum

Question 26

between the bodies of vertebrae absorb stresses on the vertebrae

Answer 26

discs

Question 27

type of cartilage that helps maintain a structures shape

Answer 27

elastic cartilage ex: ear or larynx

Question 28

connects muscle to bone

Answer 28

tendon

Question 29

fibrous sleeves surrounding a tendon to reduce friction, pressures

Answer 29

tendon sheath

Question 30

bigger than a tendon, is a broad, flat, and tendinous sheet attaching muscle to bone

Answer 30

aponeurosis ex: linea alba & thoracolumbar fascia

Question 31

small fluid-filled, pillow-like sacs near many joints provide cushion and reduce friction

Answer 31

bursae

Question 32

2 types of bursae

Answer 32

natural bursae acquired bursae

Question 33

the sensation a clinician perceives when passively moving a pt's joint to the end of its ROM

Answer 33

end feel

Question 34

3 types of normal end feels

Answer 34

soft firm hard

Question 35

compression of muscle bulk stops motion

Answer 35

soft end feel

Question 36

resistance of movement from a ligament, capsule, or muscle stops motion

Answer 36

firm end feel

Question 37

hard limitation of passive joint w not "give" in overpressure

Answer 37

hard/bony end feel

Question 38

4 abnormal end feels?

Answer 38

empty boggy muscle spasm springy

Question 39

abrupt stop to motion by pt d/t pain

Answer 39

empty end feel

Question 40

soft tissue swelling

Answer 40

boggy end feel or soft/wet sponge

Question 41

reflexive guard or abnormal muscle tone during movement

Answer 41

muscle spasm

Question 42

a rebound movement @ internal derangement of jt ex: torn cartilage

Answer 42

springy block

Question 43

joint surface w 2 bones forming a concave/convex relationship

Answer 43

ovoid joint

Question 44

the articular surfaces on each side of the joint have BOTH a concave/convex surface

Answer 44

sellar (saddle) joint

Question 45

the degree to which joint articulating surfaces match or fit one another

Answer 45

joint congruency

Question 46

position occurring when joint surfaces are most congruent

Answer 46

closed-packed position

Question 47

position where increased laxity of the joint capsule & supporting ligament and a decrease in congruency of another articular cartilage

Answer 47

open-packed position

Question 48

types of arthrokinematic movements for joint mobility

Answer 48

roll glide spin

Question 49

movement of 1 surface rolling on another. new points on each surface make contact. ex: knee flexion/extension

Answer 49

rolling

Question 50

linear movement of 1 joint surface parallel to another. One point on one surface contacts new points on another surface. ex: ice skater on ice

Answer 50

glide

Question 51

rotation of 1 joint surface on another. The same point on each surface remains in contact ex: top spinning on a table

Answer 51

spin

Question 52

concave/convex rule

Answer 52

concave joint surface will glide on a fixed surface in the same direction of movement convex joint surface will glide in the opposite direction as the end of the moving bone that is farthest from the joint at which movement occurs

Question 52

joint play is the ...

Answer 52

the smallest amount of movement available in a joint necessary for arthrokinematic movement

Question 53

clinical techniques using the application of the same principles & stresses to restore joint function by lengthening soft tissue around the joint

Answer 53

joint mobilization

Question 54

complete separation of the articular surfaces of a joint

Answer 54

dislocation

Question 55

subluxation

Answer 55

partial dislocation of a joint

Question 56

osteoarthritis

Answer 56

degenerative arthritis d/t aging

Question 57

tears of ligaments, capsules, and are described by severity

Answer 57

sprains

Question 58

1st degree sprain

Answer 58

tearing a few ligament fibers w/ no loss of function

Question 59

2nd degree sprain

Answer 59

partial tearing of a liament w some loss of function

Question 60

3rd degree sprain

Answer 60

full rupture of a ligament & no longer functions

Question 61

the overstretching of muscle fibers

Answer 61

strain

Question 62

1st-degree strain

Answer 62

tearing a few muscle fibers w no loss of function

Question 63

2nd-degree strain

Answer 63

partial tearing of muscle fibers w some loss of function

Question 64

3rd degree strain

Answer 64

full rupture of muscle fiber w loss of function

Question 65

inflammation will include

Answer 65

swelling redness increased temperature pain

Question 66

inflammation of a tendon

Answer 66

tendonitis

Question 67

inflammation of a synovial membrane

Answer 67

synovitis

Question 68

inflammation of a tendon sheath

Answer 68

tenosynovitis

Question 69

inflammation of the bursa

Answer 69

bursitis

Question 70

aids clinicians in identifying the capsule as the source of the restriction to motion

Answer 70

capsular pattern