Article 2 [W2] - ADHD and Physical Activity

Question 1

Abstract

Answer 1

This article summarizes the evidence for management of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) using chronic aerobic physical activity (PA). Known studies comparing chronic aerobic PA to at least one control group are listed; uncontrolled studies and studies of non-aerobic PA are not considered. Key challenges to conducting chronic PA studies with children and youth with ADHD are summarized. After condensing information from widely varying studies, measures, and research designs, conclusions are stated in broad brush stroke terms. Preliminary evidence supports PA as beneficial for ADHD symptoms, executive function, and motor abilities. Social, emotional, and behavioral outcomes also may benefit. The preliminary state of the evidence supports PA as an adjunctive treatment for ADHD at this time, but the body and sophistication of the research to date is insufficient at present to support PA as a stand-alone treatment. Critical directions for future research are discussed.

Question 2

Key Takeaways

Answer 2

1. Physical activity has been shown to have beneficial effects on ADHD symptoms, including improvements in attention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity.
2. There is evidence to suggest that both acute bouts of exercise and regular physical activity can be effective in managing ADHD symptoms.
3. The specific types and intensity of physical activity that are most effective for managing ADHD symptoms may vary depending on individual characteristics such as age, sex, and fitness level.
4. Physical activity interventions for ADHD should be tailored to individual needs and preferences and should be combined with other treatments such as medication and behavioral therapy.
5. There is a need for more rigorous research on the effects of physical activity on ADHD symptoms, including randomized controlled trials and long-term follow-up studies.