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Parasitology > Arthropods: ID Pictures > Flashcards

Arthropods: ID Pictures Flashcards

1
Q

Found on grooming equipment

A

Haematopinus asini

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2
Q

You find lesions on a horses rump, back, poll, and ears

A

Culicoides brevitarsis

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3
Q

You are working in Africa and discover Onchocera gutturosa in a cow. The farmer has Onchocera volvulus.

A

Siulium (S. damnosum)- In Africa, Austrosimulium (A. pestilens here in AUS)

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4
Q

You find a fly on a reptile here in AUS.

A

Phlebotomum

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5
Q

They are vectors for trypanosomes, anthrax, and some nematodes.

A

Tabanus (horse flies, march flies)

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6
Q

Found on a sheep. All over Australia. Introduced species.

A

Lucilia cuprina

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7
Q

Found on a sheep

A

Calliphora stygia

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8
Q

Larvae are canibalistic

A

Chrysomya rufifacacies (hair maggot blowfly)

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9
Q

A native blow fly who is sometimes primary, but usually secondary for blow fly strike

A

Calliphora augur

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10
Q

Introduced, only found in Southern Australia. Primary role in blowfly strike

A

Lucilia sericata

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11
Q

Blue blowfly. Old world screw worm fly. Not in AUS.

A

Chrysomya bezziana

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12
Q

Identified by bands spines on each segment (dorsal and ventral). Pupal stage in soil. Eggs laid in wounds.

A

Chrysomya bezziana

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13
Q

New world screw worm fly. Not found in AUS. Eradicated in the USA.

A

Callitroga hominivorax

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14
Q

Flies active in the summer, only live for a few days, can lay many eggs. Where would you find their larvae? What is unique about their larvae?

A

Gasterophilus. Larvae in the nose, throat, or stomach. (G. haemorrhoidalis- nose bot- rare). They have hooks on the anterior end of the larvae.

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15
Q

Parasite from the nasal cavity of a sheep.

A

Oestrus ovis

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16
Q

ID this parasite from the stomach of a horse.

A

Gasterophilus

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17
Q

What is this? What is another similar larvae?

A

Oestrus ovis. Similar to Gasterophilus

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18
Q

Found on the back of a cow. What is the other kind? Where are they found?

A

Hypoderma bovis. (Hypoderma lineatum). EU, Asia, and North America.

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19
Q

Tropical warble fly, South America, uses mosquitoes and ticks as transport hosts- affects any vertebrates including man.

A

Dermatobia hominis

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20
Q

In trachea of red kangaroo

A

Tracheomyia macropi

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21
Q

Pharynx of deer

A

Cephenomyia spp.

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22
Q

Nasal bot of camels

A

Cephalopina titillator

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23
Q

LC is egg, larvae, puparium, adult.

A

Musca domestica

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24
Q

Breed in cattle dung. Over winter in Northern Australia.

A

Musca vestustissima (the bush fly)

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25
Q

Breed in decaying organic matter. Affect horses and dogs commonly.

A

Stomoxya calcitrans (the stable fly)

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26
Q

Introduced from SE Asia. Feed on cattle, buffalo, horses and dogs. Vector of typanosoma evansi and nematode Stephanofilaria sp.

A

Haematobia exigua

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27
Q

Exclusively parasitic (blood feeders), feet with strong claws, females viviparous, larvae pupate immediately. Numerous species on birds and on horses.

A

Hippoboscidae (on horses Hippobosca equina)

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28
Q

Part of the family hippoboscidae. No wings. Lives in wool. Pupal case attached to wool. Pupae hatch in 19-36 days. Live 4-5 months. E o H: blood feeders, cause anaemia, stain wool (“ticky wool”), transmit Trypanosoma (protozoan)

A

Melanophagus ovinus (sheep ked)

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29
Q

What is AT? MT? EP? What two combs are present?

A

AT- antenna

MT- palps

EP- feeding tube

combs: genal ctenidium, pronotal ctenidium

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30
Q

How do recognize flea larvae?

A

Anal struts

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31
Q

Your dog is scratching during the summer- you find bumps on base of tail and thighs. Your dog is 4 years old.

A

Ctenocephalides canis (or C. felis)- dogs 5 months- 5 yo

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32
Q

You live in a hot, dry area. You find fleas on poultry and native animals.

A

Echidonophaga gallinacea

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33
Q

You can find me on humans, pigs or dogs

A

Pulex irritans.

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34
Q

The genal comb is “vertical.” Sometimes found on cats, but not main host.

A

Spiropsyllus cuniculi (the rabbit flea)

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35
Q

Found on the body of a sheep. 30% of properties affected. Medium rainfall areas- heavy rains can kill eggs. Pulled wool. Photophobic (good because shearing removes 30-50% of lice)- they die because afterward they exposed to UV radiation. Optimum temp 37C. lower numbers in summer moisture. If humid >90% eggs do not hatch. How do you treat?

A

Damalinia ovis. OPs or SPs full muster because if you underdose–> resistance (More resistant to SPs)

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36
Q

Found on the face of a sheep

A

Linognathus ovillus

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37
Q

Found on the foot of a sheep

A

Linognathus pedalis

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38
Q

Found on the body of a horse. Transmitted by contact.

A

Damalinia equi

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39
Q

Sucking louse of a horse. Transmitted on riding and grooming equipment.

A

Haematopinus asini

40
Q

Found on body of cattle

A

Damalinia bovis

41
Q

Sucking lice of cattle. Max numbers in winter. Head, neck, back, tail. Cause rubbing. Larger nos. in sick animals.

A

Haematopinus eurysternus

42
Q

Sucking lice of cattle. Max numbers in winter. Head, neck, back, tail. Cause rubbing. Larger nos. in sick animals.

A

Solenopotes capillatus

43
Q

What are the three possible species?

A

Haematopinus eurysternus, Solenopotes capillatus, Linognathus vituli

44
Q

Found on a pig

A

Haematopinus suis

45
Q

You find red spots on a pig. The pig has pox & swine fever.

A

Haematopinus suis

46
Q

Found on a dog

A

Trichodectes canis

47
Q

Found on a dog

A

Linognathus setosus

48
Q

Found on a dog

A

Heterodoxus spiniger

49
Q

Found on an old, sick cat

A

Felicola subrostratus

50
Q

Your chickens are irritated, have feather loss, poor growth, reduced egg production. How do you treat?

A

Menacanthus stramineus.

Treatment: dust baths, aerosol, vaporisers

51
Q

Your chickens are irritated, with feather loss, poor growth, and reduced egg production. How do you treat?

A

Lipeurus caponis.

Treatment: dust baths, aerosol, vaporisers

52
Q

Found on a human. Could be either one of two? Vector of typhus.

A

Pediculus humanis, Pediculus capitis

53
Q

Found in a student bed

A

Phthirus pubis (pubic louse)

54
Q

What are the two parts of a tick body?

A

Gnathosoma (capitulum) and idiosoma (the rest)

55
Q

How many pairs of legs does a tick have? Larva? Nymph?

A

4 pairs of legs. Larva have 3 pairs. Nymph have 4 pairs of legs.

56
Q

What kind of parasite are ticks?

A

Obligate parasites; need blood meals, but most of their life cycle is spent off host

57
Q

What classification does this stick fall under? Why?

A

Argasidae (family). “soft ticks” no scutum, mouthparts underneath, rapid feeders (hours)

58
Q

What classification does this tick fall under? Why?

A

Ixodidae (family). “hard ticks” scutum present, mouth parts anterior, slow feeders (days)

59
Q

Found on fowl. Eggs laid in cracks. Larvae feed for 5-10 days. Larvae survive for 3 months without food. Adults survive for 3-5 years without food. Transmit Borrelia anserina and Aegyptianella pullorum. How do you treat? Why so serious? Death due to paralysis

A

Argas persicus (fowl tick)

Tx: OP spray, kerosene emulsion

60
Q

Other argasid ticks. Live in sand feed on any host species. Transmit Q fever. Cause painful bites. Found recently in WA.

A

Otobius megnini- spinose ear tick. In North America and Africa. Horses, cattle, and dogs.

61
Q

What are tampan ticks in Africa and Australia?

A

Ornithodoros moubata in Africa

Ornithodoros gurneyi in Australia

62
Q

Common host are bandicoots. 3 host tick. Life cycle takes 18 months. Nymphs mainly in autumn.

A

Ixodes holocyclus

63
Q

Short palps with ridges, pale legs, anal groove behind anus, engorged female has “waist”

Northern Australia

Occurs on cattle, horses, sheep, dogs and pigs

Drop off on day 22 in early morning

What do they transmit?

A

Boophilus microplus

Transmit: Babesia, Anaplasma, Theileria

64
Q

There is a vaccine against tick gut protein. 70% effective need 2 vaccinations.

What is used to control?

What is the problem?

A

Boophilus microplus

Spelling and macrocyclic lactones

Damage to hides (loss of 25% value)- anaemia, anorexia, reduced growth rate and milk production

65
Q

Lateral projections on palps. Anal groove behind anus. Introduced in Australia. Common in SE Asia. Cattle and horses and dogs. Vector of Babesia gibsoni for dogs.

A

Haemaphysalis longicornis

66
Q

Anal groove behind anus, basis capitulis projects, forked first coxa

Common in tropical countries, introduced, uncommon but present in Melbourne, Babesia canis of dogs.

A

Rhipicephalus sanguineus “brown dog tick”

67
Q

Long mouth parts, anal groove behind anus, often brightly coloured. Important on cattle in Africa and USA. Most AUS species occur on reptiles (wombat, echidna, kangaroos)

A

Aponomma & Amblyomma

68
Q

Sucking lice of goats

A

Linognathus stenopsis, Linognathus africanus

69
Q

Biting lice of goats

A

Damalinia caprae

70
Q

What is this on a prostigmatid mite?

A

Peritreme (part of the integument that surrounds the spiracles)

71
Q

What is this on a mesostigmatid mite?

A

Spiracle or stigma

72
Q

What does the sub order Prostigmata have that is different?

A

Feather-like setae

73
Q

The red mite of poultry. Triangular anal plate. LC: eggs, larva, 2 nymphs. Eggs laid in crevices. LC 7 days. Nocturnal. Blood feeders. Transmit Borrelia anserina

A

Dermanyssus gallinae

74
Q

Common on wild birds. Anaemia, reduced egg production, blood feeders. Not host specific. 2 possible?

A

Ornithonyssus bursa, Ornithonyssus sylviarum

75
Q

Mesostigmatid mite: nasal mite of dog

A

Pneumonyssoides caninum

76
Q

Mestostigmatid mite: ear mite of cattle

A

Raillietia auris

77
Q

Mesostigmatid mite: Snake mite

A

Ophionyssus natricis

78
Q

Mesostigmatid mite: Canary lung mite

A

Sternostoma tracheacolum

79
Q

Trombiculids. Only larvae are parasitic. Attach in clusters. Transmit scrub typhus (Rickettsia australis). “Black soil itch” in QLD.

A

Trombicula (chiggers, harvest mites)

80
Q

Hair follicles. Feed on cytoplasm. All stages in hair follicles (egg, 2 nymphs, adults). Host specific. Secondary infection with Staph. albus

A

Demodex canis

81
Q

How do you treat Demodex canis?

A

Amitraz, ivermectin, can be difficult to treat

82
Q

Pig demodex- lesions on head

A

Demodex phylloides

83
Q

Cattle demodex. What damage?

A

Demodex bovis

Damages hide

84
Q

Demodex on sheeps, goats, and horses

A

Demodex ovis, Demodex caprae, Demodex equi

85
Q

Demodex on man?

A

Demodex folliculorum

Prevalence 50%, common in black heads, base of eye lashes

86
Q

A sheep has pulled wool on sides between hip and shoulder and near mid-line. How do you treat?

A

Psorergates ovis (sheep itch mite)

Treat: none, amitraz, OPs, ivermectin- will not eliminate mite

Spreads slowly in mob. Most abundant in winter.

87
Q

Claw on palp, mild mange, often around head

What are the three possible species and who do they affect?

A

Cheyletiella parasitivorax- rabbits

Cheyletiella yasguir- dogs

Cheyletiella blakei- cats

88
Q

Triangular scales on dorsum, can survive but not reproduce on other hosts, lays eggs in tunnel

Pigs, camels, ferrets, humans, wombats

A

Sarcoptes scabiei

89
Q

Three possible species- name them and who do they affect? Sarcoptid genera on mammals

A

Trixacarus caviae- sarcoptid mite of guinea pigs

Notoedres cati- mainly on cats and rabbits

Notoedres muris- on rodents

90
Q

Sarcoptid mites of birds. Name the three species and where they impact species or who?

A

Cnemidocoptes gallinae- in feathers, depluming mite of poultry

Cnemidocoptes mutans- on legs of chicken, scaly leg

Cnemidocoptes pili- on beak and legs of psittacines

91
Q

What is this mite and who does it affect?

A

Otodectes cynotis- ear mite of cats and dogs (tissue fluid feeders- cause scabs)- also on foxes and rabbits

92
Q

Segmented pedicels, live under scabs, can kill sheep, most abundant in cool weather

A

Psoroptes ovis

93
Q

Found in the ear of an alpaca

A

Psoroptes cuniculi- ear mite

Affects rabbit, horses, goats, alpaca. Common in lab rabbits. Causes irritation, shaking of head.

94
Q

Repellents

A

DEET (N,N diethyl-m-toluamide), dipropyl isocinchomeronate, piperonyl but oxide, citronella

95
Q

Organophosphates (OPs)

A

Inhibit acetylchoiline esterase, binding reversible.

Persistence- short (24 hours- 12 weeks), broken down in the environment, non-cumulative

(Antidote- atropine)

Topical or oral administration.

WHO: Damalinia ovis, Damalinia caprae, Gasterophilus, Oestrus ovis, Hypoderma, Melophagus ovinus, Musca vestustissima, Ctenocephalides felis or canis, Argas persicus, Haematobia exigua

** HAEMONCHUS, High doses needed to kill Trichostrongylus and Ostertagia

** only used in sheep in combination when resistance is a problem.

** examples- Dichlorovos (flea collars, sheep), Naphthalophos, malathion (flea shampoo), diazinon (jetting sheep for blowfly control), cythioate (orally for flea control)

Parasitology (6 decks)

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