Arthropods

Question 1

What are common characteristics shared by arthropods

Answer 1

a tough exoskeleton, jointed appendages, and a segmented body

Question 2

What are the 4 functions of a tough exoskeleton

Answer 2

body support, protection of soft body parts, attachment point for muscles, prevents water loss

Question 3

What is a jointed appendage

Answer 3

artho=joint, pod=foot
examples : antennae, claws, walking legs, wings, flippers

Question 4

What are the 3 basic segments of insects

Answer 4

head, thorax, and abdomen

Question 5

What is a cephalothorax

Answer 5

head and thorax fused together in some arthropods

Question 6

What does the body of an arthropod look like

Answer 6

some have long, wormlike bodies with many visible segments, while others have a few large body parts

Question 7

What are the 3 types of respiratory structures in arthropods

Answer 7

gills, book gills, and book lungs, and tracheal tubes

Question 8

What are tracheal tubes and what do they do

Answer 8

a network of tracheal tubes are common in insects reaching deep into the tissues, supplying oxygen by diffusion to body tissues

Question 9

What are gills

Answer 9

used for respiration, looking like a row of feather located underneath the cover of the exoskeleton

Question 10

What are book gills and book lungs

Answer 10

several layers of tissues layered to increase the surface area for gas exchange and used in arthropods for respiration

Question 11

What are the 4 subphyla of arthropods and give examples of each

Answer 11

trilobita which are ancient sea dwellers but now all extinct, chelicerata : spiders scorpions mites ticks, crustacea : crabs crayfish lobsters, uniramia : millipedes centipedes insects

Question 12

What is the oldest subphylum of arthropods

Answer 12

trilobita

Question 13

What must all arthropods do in order to grow

Answer 13

molt or shed their exoskeletons as when an arthropod expands the exoskeleton stretches

Question 14

How long does it take of exoskeletons to harden

Answer 14

could take a few hours to a few days

Question 15

What is metamorphosis

Answer 15

the process of growth and change which is most often dramatic in form

Question 16

What are the 2 types of metamorphosis

Answer 16

complete and incomplete metamorphosis

Question 17

Describe incomplete metamorphosis

Answer 17

change from young to adult is gradual, young resembles adults but lack functioning sex organs or other structures, goes from egg to nymph to adult

Question 18

What is a nymph

Answer 18

immature form that looks like an adult

Question 19

Describe complete metamorphosis

Answer 19

4 stages : egg, larva, pupa, adult

Question 20

Describe the 4 stages of metamorphosis

Answer 20

egg undergoes metamorphosis in order to become larvae, larva look nothing like parents and molt repeatedly, pupa is when adult structures begin to grow and larval structures are broken down, adult have internal and external body parts that are completely different from before

Question 21

What are instars

Answer 21

growth periods between molts of nymphs and larva

Question 22

In what ways are arthropods important ecologically

Answer 22

are a source of food for many organisms, pollinate 2/3 of world’s flowering plants

Question 23

Give an example of a symbiotic relationship

Answer 23

bull horn acacia tree/ants, fish/cleaner shrimp

Question 24

In what ways are arthropods important economically

Answer 24

agriculture by pollination, bees make honey, silkworms produce silk, are a food supply (lobster, shrimp, crab)

Question 25

What are the uses of chitin

Answer 25

tough exoskeleton, dress wounds and make thread for surgical stitches, may be sprayed on fruit to prevent spoilage

Question 26

What can spider silk and venom be used for

Answer 26

Venom could be a potential pesticide and silk could be a bulletproof vest

Question 27

What is the phylum name for arthropods

Answer 27

phylum arthropoda