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ANATOMY LECTURE (Midterm Exam) > Arthrology > Flashcards

Arthrology Flashcards

1
Q
  • science of the ligamentous
    system
  • scientific study of joints
    and articulations
A

Arthrology /Syndesmology

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2
Q

__________ are formed when 2 or more bones are united by fibrous, elastic or cartilaginous or by combination of these

A

Articulation/s or Joints

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3
Q
  • connective tissue bands that
    connect muscle to bone.
A

Tendon

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4
Q

Other term for Arthrology?

A

Syndesmology

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5
Q

connective tissue bands that
extend from bone to bone

A

Ligament

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6
Q

-a flexible but inelastic cord of strong fibrous collagen tissue attaching a muscle to a bone.

A

Tendon

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7
Q

-flexible fibrous connective tissue which connects two bones or cartilages or holds together a joint

A

Ligament

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8
Q

cruciate ligaments of the stifle

A

Intracapsular (intra-articular) ligaments

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9
Q

external to the joint capsule; they include collateral, dorsal, palmar, plantar, and annular ligaments.

A

Extracapsular (periarticular) ligaments

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10
Q

found within joints and are surrounded by the synovial membrane

A

Intracapsular (intra-articular) ligaments

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11
Q

fibrocartilage disk

A

Menisci

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12
Q

What are the 3 types of Extracapsular (periarticular) ligaments

A

Extracapsular - CDA

  1. Collateral ligaments
  2. Dorsal and palmar (or plantar) ligaments
  3. Annular ligaments
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13
Q

lie in front of and behind the joint

A

Dorsal and palmar (or plantar) ligaments

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14
Q

lie on the medial and lateral aspects of a joint.

A

Collateral Ligaments

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15
Q

surround the joint, and their fibers generally circle the joint to strengthen and
protect the capsule.

A

Annular Ligaments

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16
Q

Classification of Joints (According to the number of articulating surfaces involved)

A
  1. Simple Joints
  2. Compound Joints
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17
Q

Classification of joints based on the basis function

A
  1. Fibrous Joints
  2. Cartilaginous Joint
  3. Synovial Joint
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18
Q

articulations with more than two articulating bones

A

Compound joints

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19
Q

articulations with two articulating bones

A

simple joints

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20
Q

Other term for fibrous joints?

A

synarthrosis

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21
Q

Have no joint cavity. The bones are united by fibrous tissue.

A

Fibrous joints (synarthrosis)

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22
Q

What are the different types of fibrous joints (synarthrosis) ?

A
  1. Syndesmosis
  2. Suture
  3. Gomphosis
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23
Q
  • with considerable amount of intervening connective tissue
  • white fibrous/ elastic tissue or mixture

Give ex.

A

Syndesmosis

temporohyoid joint

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24
Q

implantation of the teeth in the alveoli

A

gomphosis

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25
Q

United by cartilage, with no intervening joint cavity.

  • limited movement such as compression and stretching
A

Cartilaginous Joint (Amphiarthosis)

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26
Q

Types of cartilaginous joint (amphiarthosis)?

A

• Synchondrosis , Hyaline cartilage joints/
primary joints

• Symphyses, Fibrocartilaginous joints

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27
Q

The uniting medium is a joint capsule.

  • facilitates mobility; most movable joints in the body
  • commonly involved in dislocations
A

Synovial joint (true joint/diarthrosis)

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28
Q

joints of the flat bones of the skull

A

Suture

29
Q

Types of suture

A
  1. serrated suture
  2. squamous suture
  3. Plane suture
  4. Foliate suture
  5. Schindylesis
30
Q

one that articulates by reciprocally beveled edges

> absorb shock

ex.

A

squamous suture

-frontonasal
-frontomaxillary
-parieto-temporal suture

31
Q

articulates by means of reciprocally alternating processes and depressions

ex.

A

serrated suture

> interparietal suture
petro-occipital suture

32
Q

one in which the bones meet at an essentially right angled edge or surface

A

Plane suture

> internasal suture
Interincisive suture

33
Q

uneven jagged edges of bones interlock

A

schindylesis

34
Q

one in which the edge of one bone fits into a fissure or recess of an adjacent bone

ex.

A

Foliate suture

> zygomaticomaxillary suture

35
Q

Characteristics of a synovial joint

A

a. Joint Capsule
b. Joint Cavity
c. Articular Cartilage

36
Q

Other term for synovial joint

A

True Joint/ Diarthrosis

37
Q

Other term for cartilaginous joint

A

Amphiarthosis

38
Q

2 membranes of the joint capsule

A
  1. Synovial membrane (inner connective tissue)
  2. Fibrous membrane (outer, yellow elastic tissue)
39
Q

lubricate contact surfaces

A

Synovial fluid

40
Q

thickenings of fibrous layer

A

collateral ligaments

41
Q

What are the 7 types of synovial joints?

A
  1. Plane Joints
  2. Hinge Joints
  3. Trochoid/Pivot Joints
  4. Condylar Joint
  5. Saddle Joint
  6. Ball and Socket
  7. Ellipsoidal Joint
42
Q

Articular surfaces are plane
- allow only gliding movements

ex.

A

Plane Joint

  • costotransverse joint
43
Q

Cylindrical surface of one joint fits in the through shape of the other.
- allow movement around 1 axis

ex.

A

Hinge Joint

  • elbow joint
44
Q

Egg shaped surface of one bone fits into the concave surface of the other
- allow movement in 2 axis

ex.

A

Condylar Joint

  • stifle joint
  • temporomandibular joint
45
Q

Rounded end of one bone forms into a ring formed by the other bone plus a ligament.
- movement (rotation) in 1 axis

ex.

A

Trochoid/Pivot Joint

  • median atlanto-axial joint
  • proximal radioulnar joint
46
Q

Opposing joint are concavo-convex

ex.

A

Saddle Joint

  • Tarsocrural joint
  • Interphalangeal Joints
47
Q

an elongation of one surface at a right angle to the other, forming an ellipse

ex.

A

Ellipsoidal Joint

  • antebrachiocarpal joint
48
Q

Spherical head of one bone fits into the socket of the other. Multiaxial joint.

ex.

A

Ball and Socket

  • Shoulder Joint
  • Hip Joint
49
Q

2 nd most common hock problem

A

Osteochondrosis dessicans

50
Q

removal of the distal phalanges through the distal interphalangeal joint in cat

A

“Declawing” or “onychectomy”

51
Q

formerly known as round ligament of the femur, it is short intracapsular ligament extending from the acetabular cavity to the notch on the head of the femur (fovea capitis)

A

“Ligament of the head of femur”

52
Q

pathological movement of the tibia cranial to the femur due to rupture of the cranial
cruciate ligament.

A

“Cranial (anterior) drawer sign”

53
Q

inflammation of stifle.

A

Gonitis

54
Q

Diarthrodial joints Movement

A

Angular movements
• Flexion
• Extension

• Circumduction
• Rotation
• Adduction
• Abduction
• Supination
• Pronation

55
Q
  • rotation of the appendage so that the palmar or plantar surface of the paw faces medially of dorsally
A

Supination

56
Q

rotation of the appendage from the supine
position so that the palmar or plantar surface of the paw faces ventrally

A

Pronation

57
Q

Yes Joint

A

Atlanto-occipital joint

58
Q

No joint

A

Atlantoaxial joint

59
Q

Scapulohumeral/ glenohumeral

A

Shoulder joint

60
Q

Coxofemoral joint

A

Hip Joint

61
Q

Fibrocartilage that unites bones

A

Symphyses, Fibrocartilaginous Joints

62
Q

Stifle joint

A

Knee joint, genual joint

63
Q

tarsal joint

A

hock joint

64
Q

elbow joint

A

Cubital joint/ humeroradioulnar joint

65
Q

Carpal joint

A

Radiocarpal Joint

66
Q

Metacarpophalangeal joint

A

Fetlock joint

67
Q

Proximal interphalangeal joint

A

Pastern Joint

68
Q

Distal interphalangeal joint

A

Coffin Joint

ANATOMY LECTURE (Midterm Exam) (4 decks)

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