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Anatomy PTH5422 > Arthrology > Flashcards

Arthrology Flashcards

1
Q

Articulation

A

Point of contact between two bones or cartilage

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2
Q

Movement determined by:

A
  1. Shape of articular surfaces
  2. Strength & flexibility
  3. Tension & positioning of muscles & tendons
  4. Opposition of soft tissue
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3
Q

Classification of joints is based on:

A

degree of movement

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4
Q

Classification of joints:

A
  1. Synarthrosis
  2. Amphiarthrosis
  3. Diarthrosis
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5
Q

Structural classification is based on:

A

What articular surfaces are connected by.

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6
Q

Types of Joints:

A
  1. Bony
  2. Fibrous
  3. Cartilaginous
  4. Synovial
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7
Q

Bony Joints a.k.a.

A

Synostosis

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8
Q

How are bony joints formed?

A

Formed by ossification of fibrous or cartilaginous joint

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9
Q

Types of Fibrous Joints:

A
  1. Sutures
  2. Gomphoses
  3. Syndesmoses
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10
Q

Types of Cartilaginous Joints:

A
  1. Synchondroses
  2. Symphyses
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11
Q

Types of Synovial Joints:

A
  1. Ball-and-Socket
  2. Ellipsoid (Condyloid)
  3. Saddle (Sellar)
  4. Plane
  5. Hinge
  6. Pivot
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12
Q

Fibrous Joints: Sutures
Degree of movement & types

A

Synarthrotic
Serrate suture, Lap suture, and Plane suture

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13
Q

Serrate suture example

A

Coronal, sagittal, lamboidal (strongest)

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14
Q

Lap suture example

A

Squamous

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15
Q

Plane suture example

A

Palatine process of maxilla (weakest)

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16
Q

Fibrous joints: Gomphoses
Degree of movement and types

A

Synarthrotic
Tooth to alveolar socket
Ligaments extend from mandible/maxilla to tooth

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17
Q

Fibrous Joints: Syndesmoses
Degree of movement
Examples

A

Amphiarthrotic
Longer collagen fibers (more mobility)
Ex. Interosseous membrane in radius/ulna & tibia/fibula AND fontanels

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18
Q

Cartilaginous Joints: Synchondroses
Degree of movement
type of cartilage

A

Synarthrotic
Hyaline cartilage
Costal cartilage (specific to RIB 1)
ex. Epiphyseal plate

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19
Q

Cartilaginous Joint: Symphysis
Degree of movement
Type of cartilage
Examples

A

Amphiarthrotic
Fibrocartilage
Ex. intervertebral discs & pubic symphysis

20
Q

Synovial Joints degree of movement

A

Diarthrotic

21
Q

Synovial Joints type of cartilage

A

Articular cartilages (hyaline cartilage)

22
Q

Basic parts of synovial joints

A

Synovial fluid and synovial membrane
& articular cartilage

23
Q

Parts of synovial joints:

A

Ligament
Tendon
Bursa
Meniscus

24
Q

Ligament

A

Bone to bone

25
Q

Tendon

A

Muscle to bone

26
Q

Bursa

A

Fluid filled cushion (sac)

27
Q

Meniscus

A

Pad for cushion and stability

28
Q

Risk factors for Osteoarthritis

A

Obesity
Age
Injury

29
Q

Synovial Joints: Ball-and-Socket
Degree of movement

A

Multiaxial
Flex/Extend, ABD/ADD, & Rotation

30
Q

Ball-and-Socket examples

A

Hip and shoulder

31
Q

Ellipsoid (Condyloid) degree of movement

A

Biaxial - Flex/Extend & ABD/ADD

32
Q

Ellipsoid (Condyloid) description

A

Oval-shaped condyle fits into ellipsoidal cavity

33
Q

Ellipsoid (Condyloid) examples

A

Radiocarpal, Temporomandibular, Atlanto-Occipital, Metacarpophalangeal

34
Q

Saddle (Sellar) degree of movement

A

Biaxial - Flex/Extend & ABD/ADD

35
Q

Saddle (Sellar) description

A

Two saddle-shaped (concavoconvex) surfaces articulate

36
Q

Saddle (Sellar) examples

A

Sternoclavicular
Trapeziometacarpal (carpo-metacarpal #1)

37
Q

Plane degree of freedom

A

Monaxial - Glide/Slide motion

38
Q

Plane description

A

Flat articulating surfaces
Most common synovial joint

39
Q

Plane examples

A

Vertebral processes
Intertarsal
Intercarpal
Sternocostal joints (besides Rib #1)

40
Q

Hinge degree of movement

A

Monoaxial - Flex/Extend & Limited ABD/ADD

41
Q

Hinge description

A

Capsule laxity in direction of movement

42
Q

Hinge examples

A

Elbow
Knee
Interphalangeal

43
Q

Pivot degree of movement

A

Monaxial - only rotation

44
Q

Plane description

A

Rounded/pointed or convex surface fits into ring of bone and ligament

45
Q

Pivot examples

A

Atlantoaxial Joint (C1/C2)
Radioulnar

Anatomy PTH5422 (11 decks)

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