Arthrokinematics Flashcards
Kinematics
Description of motion without regard to forces that caused the motion
Kinetics
Study of forces that produces, start, stop, or modify motion
Translation
Linear/curvilinear motion
All parts of body move parallel and in same direction
Rotation
Angular motion
Body moves in a circular path about an axis that is perpendicular to the plane of motion
Instant center of rotation (ICR)
Location of the center of rotation (AOR) holds true for one arc of motion
Path of serial locations of the ICR (PICR)
Path the axis of rotation takes through movement
Osteokinematics
Description of one bone relative to another (joint) using cardinal planes of motion
Segment motion
Distal segment rotation on relatively fixed proximal segment
Proximal segment rotation on relatively fixed distal segment
Synarthrodial joint
Junction between bones
Allows negligible movement
Primary function of synarthrodial joint
Strongly bind together and transfer forces between bones
Connected by dense irregular tissue
Synovial joints
Moderate to extensive motion
Fluid filled joint cavity (synovium)
Primary function of synovial joints
Moderate to large amounts of movement
Represents pivot point (AOR)
Connected by ligaments/capsule
Types of synovial joints
Flat joint
Ball and socket joint
Ellipsoidal joint
Saddle joint
Hinge joint
Pivot joint
Pivot joint vs hinge joint
Pivot - AOR runs parallel to segment with convex surface, rotation
Hinge - AOR is perpendicular to both segments, flexion and extension
Condyloid joint
Similar to ball and socket, but concave member is shallow
Ball and socket joint. DOF?
3
Hinge joint. DOF?
1
Ellipsoid joint. DOF?
2
Plane/flat joint. DOF?
0
Pivot joint. DOF?
1
Saddle joint. DOF?
2
Bicondyloid joint. DOF?
2
Mortise joint. DOF?
1
