arthritis- is sport good for your joints? Flashcards
what are the terms for bowed legs and knocked knees
varus- bowed
valgus- knocked
what would you measure to determine the shape of the legs?
inter codylar/ inter malleolar ratio
why does leg shape matter?
you want an equal load going through the whole leg so there is no stress on the joints
how can you tell if someone has arthritis in an xray
there should be a gap between the femur and tibia and fibula at the knee joint which is cartilage (doesnt show up on x ray). if there is no gap then it indicates arthritis in the joint
what is Wolff’s law
bone responds to the stresses put on it. more load on a bone will cause more bone to be laid down. if you stop using a bone it will dissolve away
eg.
- astronauts bone will start to dissolve away
- bone mass in a tennis player’s dominant hand is 20% more dense than the other
what is developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH)?
is a condition where the “ball and socket” joint of the hip does not properly form in babies and young children. It’s sometimes called congenital hip dislocation or hip dysplasia. The hip joint attaches the thigh bone (femur) to the pelvis
what are cam impingement of the hip?
occurs when the femoral head is not perfectly round and cannot rotate smoothly inside the acetabulum. It often results from a bump formed from excess bone growth at the end of the femur (should have quite a slender femoral neck). During movement, the bump grinds the cartilage inside the acetabulum. can cause clicking, pain and tear . pushing the cartilage inside the hip joint. will result in arthritis
what is pincer impingement of the hip?
when the socket it deeper than normal and the femoral head is normal. this means there is excessive coverage of the femoral head by the acetabulum. With hip flexion motion, the neck of the femur bone “bumps” or impinges on the rim of the deep socket. This results in cartilage and labral damage.
what is the most effective treatment for arthritis?
exercise
muscles keep the joints strong so the more active you are the stronger your joints will be
what is a tidemark
cartilage not calcified–> cartilage that is calcified
what does the cruciate ligament do?
stops the knee from sliding about in the joint. controls the back and forth motion of your knee. The anterior cruciate ligament runs diagonally in the middle of the knee. It prevents the tibia from sliding out in front of the femur, as well as provides rotational stability to the knee
what is the meniscus?
The meniscus is a piece of cartilage that provides a cushion between your femur (thighbone) and tibia (shinbone). There are two menisci in each knee joint. They can be damaged or torn during activities that put pressure on or rotate the knee joint
