Arthritis Flashcards

1
Q

What are the two factors of accelerating arthritis progression of the disease?

A

physical inactivity > into deconditioning

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is RA?

A

A chronic systemic inflammation caused by autoimmune disease at articular and extra-articular joints.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is the ARA diagnostic criteria for RA?

A

5 of the following for 6 or more weeks:

  • Morning stiffness
  • pain on motion at, at least 1 joint
  • swelling in at 1 joint
  • swelling in at least 1 other joint
  • poor mucin from synovial fluid
  • nodules present
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What are some possible causes of RA?

A
  • genetic
  • infection by Epstein-Barr virus
  • Rubella
  • Female hormones
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What demographic has the highest prevalence of RA?

A

Native American group

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

In RA what cell type increases?

A

increase in synovial cells aka hypertrohpy/hyperplasia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What are some systemic signs and symptoms?

A

fever, weakness, fatigue, and weight loss

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What are some extra-articular manifestations of RA?

A
  • fatigue
  • inflammation of the type II fibers
  • inflammation of the vessels, heart, lung tissue.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What bone related pathology is 20-30% more common in RA patients? and why?

A

osteoporosis; due to increase in osteoclast activity and chronic use of glucocortcoids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What type of pain does RA result in?

A
  • generally diffused pain lasting 1 > hours in the AM.
  • Pain especially after times of inactivity
  • pain from inflammation
  • bilateral crepitus
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What part of the spine is most affected in RA?

A

C1-C2 and mid cervical

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

How can RA be life threatening?

A

if the transverse ligament of atlas is ruptured, 25% of all RA pt have some c/s instability

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What type of hand deviation is present in RA?

A
  • proximal row in ulnar deviation
  • distal row in radial deviation
  • overall volar subluxation due to flexor tendon bowstringing
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

RA can lead to what nerve entrapment? and why?

A

median nerve entrapment due to synovitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is the hyperextension of PIP and DIP flexion called?

A

Swan neck deformity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is DIP extension with PIP flexion called?

A

Boutonneire deformity

17
Q

What type of knee angle is seen in RA and OA?

A

OA: varus
RA: valgus

18
Q

What is a common medication that is used for RA?

A

Glucocorticoids

19
Q

What is the most common form of arthritis?

A

OA

20
Q

What are the three major risk factors of OA?

A

genetic, obesity (BMI >30), and aging

21
Q

What is OA?

A

a slow degenerative joint disease of joint failure of especially the hyaline articular cartilage

22
Q

What are common S&S of OA (5)

A
  • non symmetrical
  • pain
  • swelling
  • AM stiffness
  • no systemic S&S present
23
Q

What are 2 feet deformities present in OA?

A
  • Bunion

- Calcaneal spurs

24
Q

What are the 2 OA related nodes and where are they located?

A

Heberden Node: DIP

Bouchards Node: PIP

25
Q

Which arthritis has a disease modifying drug?

A

RA not OA!

26
Q

OA and RA: what is the type of disease/progression?

A

OA: Wear and tear, associated with aging, injury, obesity.
RA: autoimmune and develops suddenly

27
Q

OA and RA: onset age?

A

OA: after 40
RA: 25-50 or any age

28
Q

OA and RA: pathology?

A

OA: loss of cartilage and bony growth due to osteophytes
RA: overgrowth of synovium, loss of cartilage, and destruction of surrounding tissues.

29
Q

OA and RA: symptoms?

A

OA: joint stiffness, pain and decreased ROM, gets worse with activity, and non-inflammatory
RA: joint pain and swelling, fever, fatigue, inflammatory

30
Q

What are some contraindicators for PT and vigorous exercise in arthritis patients? (2)

A
  • acute joint inflammation

- uncontrolled systemic disease

31
Q

What are 4 indicators to receive arthroplasty for treatment of arthritis?

A
  • severe pain at rest and/or significant to limit ADLs
  • decreased activity levels
  • significant arthritic changes
  • failure of conservative measure: NSAIDs, corticosteroid injection, PT, etc
32
Q

What are 6 contraindications for arthroplasty on arthritis pts?

A
  • active or recent infection
  • neuropathic joint pain
  • fused knee
  • severe osteoporosis
  • TKA
  • significant PVD