ARTHRITIS Flashcards
1
Q
Osteoarthritis (pathology)
A
- destruction of articular cartilage
- synovial inflammation
- changes to subchondral bone
2
Q
Osteoarthritis (problem)
A
- most common type of arthritis (~11%)
- more women than men
3
Q
Osteoarthritis (risks)
A
- trauma/joint injury
- obesity (biomechanical/biochemical)
- genetic
- bone density
4
Q
Osteoarthritis (discriminating features)
A
- age > 45 (unless trauma)
- slow onset
- asymmetrical
- monoarticular
- hip/knee/hands (1st CMC)
- stiffness < 30 mins
5
Q
Osteoarthritis (defining features)
A
- joint pain/activity-related pain
- gelling
- swelling/inflammation
- loss of ROM
- bony enlargements
6
Q
Osteoarthritis (decision)
A
Treat and refer
7
Q
Rheumatoid arthritis (pathology)
A
- autoimmune disease
- synovial inflammation
- systemic complications
8
Q
Rheumatoid arthritis (problem)
A
- common type of inflammatory arthritis (1%)
- women more than men
- high risk of CV and other systemic co-morbidities
9
Q
Rheumatoid arthritis (risks)
A
- genetic
- environmental (smoking)
- hormonal
- infectious agent
10
Q
Rheumatoid arthritis (discriminating features)
A
- age 35-50
- polyarticular
- duration > 6 weeks
- stiffness > 30-45 mins
- unexplained synovial inflammation
- small joints & large joints
11
Q
Rheumatoid arthritis (defining features)
A
- joint pain
- slow onset
- symmetrical
- gelling
- loss ROM
12
Q
Rheumatoid arthritis (decision)
A
Urgent referral (requires referral for diagnosis, only high suspicion permitted)
13
Q
Gout (decision)
A
Urgent referral
14
Q
Gout (problem)
A
- common type of inflammatory arthritis (1%)
15
Q
Gout (risks)
A
- high alcohol consumption
- high protein diet
- genetic
- certain diuretics
- metabolic syndrome
