Arthopods Flashcards
Dioecious
Separate sexes
Male implants sperm
Female lays eggs
Mallophagan
(Biting) bite at skin, hair and feathers of host
Mallophagan
(Biting) bite at skin, hair and feathers of host
Anopluran
(Sucking): Feed on blood of host
characteristics of Mallophaga
- Antennae
- Head vs. Thorax (Capitulum)
Head is wider than widest part of thorax - Legs
3 pairs of legs
Front legs often tucked under head - Tarsal Claws
Claw at the end of the leg
Often a single simple claw - Abdomen (Idiosoma)
Spiracles & chitinous pigmented bars on each segment.
characteristics of Anoplura
- Antennae
Sensory Appendages - Head vs. Thorax
Head is narrower than widest part of thorax - Legs
3 pairs of legs - Simple claws
Claw with a simple hook
Compound Claws
Claw at the end of the leg
Complex claw with an end hook and ‘grasping thumb’ - Abdomen
Rows of hairs on each segment
Fleas
*Ctenocephalides felis *- cat but is common
* host to host
* Cause for kitten
flea (bite) anemia
* Intermediate host
*Dipylidium caninum
Bartonellosis (Bartonella spp.)
stages of fleas
- Adult
- Egg
- Larval
- Pupal
Burrowing mites
*Sarcoptes scabei
Notoedres cati*
Scabies
Signs: Scaling, crusting, rashes: Ears, lateral elbows, ventral abdomen
Pinnal-pedal response: rubbing tip of pinnae will elicit ipsilateral hindleg scratching response
VERY ZOONOTIC (canis form)
Diagnosis: Skin scraping
Sarcoptes scabei
Common Name: Notoedric mange mite of cats or feline scabies mite
Host: Felines and occasionally rabbits
Location of Adult: Most of its life cycle, the adult is found tunneling in the superficial layers of the epidermis, but for a short period of its life cycle, it can be found on the surface of the skin around the ear pinna, face, neck, and feet of the cat
Notoedres cati
Common name: ear mites
Host: Canines, felines, and ferrets
Location of Adult: External ear canal
spread by direct contact
can cause otitis
Otodectes cynotis
Common name: Rabbit ear mite
No zoonotic potential
Appearance: ear canal packed with corn flakes
Signs: shaking head, scratching at head and ears
Diagnosis: skin scraping, sampling of ear crusts
Psoroptes cuniculi
Common Name: Red mange mite, follicular mite, canine follicular mite, or demodectic mange mite
Host: Domestic animals and humans (host specific)
Location of Adult: Hair follicles and sebaceous glands of the skin
Demodex canis
Nasal mite of dogs
Direct contact from host to host
Signs: reddened nasal mucosa, sneezing, shaking head, rubbing nose, labored breathing, asthma, fainting
Pneumonyssus caninum
Walking dandruff”
Non-burrowing- reside in keratin layer of skin
direct host to host contact
Cheyletiella parasitovorax
Argasid
SOFT ticks
Mainly infest large animals
No SCUTUM
Ixodid
HARD ticks
SCUTUM – hard chitinous material covering the body
Common Name: Deer tick, or Black-legged tick
Host: Dogs, Humans
Live in vegetation and wait to attach to host
Location: Ohio river valley/Eastern United States
Vector for:
Babesia microti (protozoan)
Tularemia (rabbit fever, bacterial infection)
Borrelia burgdorferi (Lyme – bacteria)
Ehrlichiosis (anaplasma infection – bacteria)
Ixodes scapularis
Common Name: Brown dog tick
Host: Dogs only
Location: Widely distributed throughout North America
Vector for:
Babesia canis
Rhipicephalus sanguineus
American Dog tick
Host: Dogs and Humans
Location: Eastern 2/3 of U.S.
Vector for:
Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever
Primary vector: D. Andersoni
Tularemia (zoonotic)
D. variabilis, D. occidentalis
Dermacentor spp.;
D. variabilis
Common Name: Lone star tick
White spot on scutum
Location: Southern US and Midwest/Atlantic
Vector for:
RMSF and Tularemia
Amblyomma americanum
