Arteries, Veins and Blood Pressure Flashcards
(34 cards)
Between veins and arteries, which ones have valves?
Veins
Describe blood flow from the aorta to the inferior vena cava
- out of aorta to medium-sized artery
- then enters an arteriole
- then enters a capillary
- to venules
- medium sized veins
- inferior vena cava
Arteries have 3 layers while capillaries have
2
Arteries and ____ both have 3 layers.
Veins
What is the first layer of an artery and/or vein called? What is its function?
Tunica Externa
connective tissue sheath. Anchors vessel to the body
What is the second layer of an artery and/or vein called? What is its function?
Tunica Media
Smooth muscle. thicker in arteries. Helps control blood flow
What is the third layer of an artery and/or veins called? What is its function?
Tunica Interna
Smooth inner layer that repels blood cells and platelets. Prevents blood clots
Simple squamous epithelium
Arteries carry blood ____ from the heart while veins carry blood _____ to the heart.
Arteries = away from the heart Veins = back to the heart
Arteries have __________, which means they branch off into several vessels
bifurcations
Veins have _______, which means several vessels converge
anastosomes
Between arteries and veins, which one has low pressure? High pressure?
Low pressure = veins
High pressure = arteries
Arteries are mainly named after:
Bones, body region, organs which they pass by or carry blood to
Veins are mainly named after:
arteries or organs they travel next to
What types of vessels carry the most amount of blood during a resting state?
Veins (about 54%)
Which vessels see the most pressure?
Arteries, namely the aorta
What are venous valves?
One way valves. Relies on skeletal muscle
What are varicose veins?
“Spider web veins” they are caused by distended veins.
Venous valves become incompetent
May lead to edema of foot or leg
What is and what causes arteriosclerosis?
Any hardening of arteries (fatty acids, cholesterol, etc.) Produces plaque
What is and what causes atherosclerosis?
Hardening of an artery (typically coronary artery) due to plaque build up
Describe a normal venous return system
Blood from heart to capillary bed to heart
Describe a portal system.
Blood from heart to capillary bed to another capillary bed to the heart
What is the purpose of a portal system?
Blood will go through the abdominal organs then through the capillary beds in the liver to be cleaned out. Nutrient exchange and detoxification.
What are some arteries in the head?
- temporal artery
- internal/external cartoid
What are some arteries in the arm?
- axillary artery
- brachial artery
- radial artery
- ulnar artery
