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Ultrasound Vascular Technology > Arterial Gross Anatomy > Flashcards

Arterial Gross Anatomy Flashcards

1
Q

What are the first branches of the aortic arch?

A

Coronary Artery

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2
Q

What divides the right common carotid and subclavian arteries?

A

Innominate / Brachiocephalic

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3
Q

What are the four branches of the aortic arch?

A

Coronary Artery
Innominate / Brachiocephalic
Left common carotid artery (LCCA)
Left subclavian artery

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4
Q

What are the 7 upper extremity arteries?

A

Subclavian Artery
Axillary Artery
Brachial Artery
Radial Artery
Ulnar Artery
Superficial palmar (volar) arch
Deep palmar arch

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5
Q

Where does the subclavian artery run?

A

Laterally to outer border of 1st rib becoming the axillary artery

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6
Q

What artery does the Axillary artery become?

A

Brachial artery

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7
Q

What branches come off the Brachial Artery?

A

Radial and ulnar arteries at the inner aspect of the elbow

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8
Q

What is the inner aspect of the elbow also called?

A

Antecubital fossa

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9
Q

Where does the Radial artery travel?

A

Down lateral side of forearm into hand

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10
Q

What does the Radial artery branch into?

A

Superficial (volar) arch and terminates in the deep palmar arch by joining deep branch of ulnar artery

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11
Q

Where does the Ulnar artery travel?

A

Down the medial side of the forearm into hand

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12
Q

What does the Ulnar artery branch into?

A

Deep palmar (volar) branch
Terminates in superficial palmar arch

Predominate source of blood flow to the hand

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13
Q

What does the superficial palmar (volar) arch include?

A

Distal portion of the ulnar artery
Branch of the radial artery

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14
Q

What does the Deep palmar arch include?

A

Deep palmar branch of ulnar artery
Distal portion of the radial artery

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15
Q

Where do digital arteries arise from and divide into?

A

Arise from the palmar arches and extend into the fingers dividing into lateral and medial branches

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16
Q

What are the 4 visceral branches of the abdominal aorta?

A

Celiac artery (CA)
Superior mesenteric artery (SMA)
Renal arteries
Inferior mesenteric artery (IMA)

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17
Q

What does the Celiac artery (CA) supply?

A

Stomach
Liver
Pancreas
Duodenum
Spleen

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18
Q

What does the Celiac artery (CA) branch into?

A

Left gastric
Splenic
Common hepatic arteries

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19
Q

What does the Superior Mesenteric artery (SMA) supply?

A

Small intestine
Cecum
Parts of colon

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20
Q

Where is the SMA located?

A

1cm behind the celiac artery

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21
Q

What do the renal arteries supply?

A

Kidneys
Suprarenal glands
Ureters

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22
Q

What is a transverse landmark for locating the left renal artery?

A

The left renal vein which crosses the aorta anteriorly; the artery being just posterior

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23
Q

What does the Inferior Mesenteric artery (IMA) supply?

A

Transverse colon
Descending colon
Part of the rectum

24
Q

Where does the IMA arise?

A

From the abdominal aorta about 3-4 cm above the bifurcation

25
Q

The IMA can act as:

A

a collateral connection

26
Q

What are the most distal branches of the aorta?

A

common iliac arteries (CIA)

27
Q

Where do the common iliac arteries (CIA) carry blood?

A

Pelvis
Abdominal wall
Lower limbs

28
Q

What do the Common iliac arteries (CIA) divide into?

A

Internal iliac artery (hypogastric)
External iliac artery

29
Q

Where does the External iliac artery travel?

A

along medial side of Psoas major muscle

30
Q

The Common iliac arteries pass underneath the inguinal ligament, becoming:

A

the common femoral artery (CFA)

31
Q

What are the 6 lower extremity arteries?

A

Common femoral artery (CFA)
Popliteal artery
Anterior tibial artery (ATA)
Posterior tibial (PTA)
Peroneal artery
Digital arteries / Plantar arch

32
Q

The Common femoral artery (CFA) divides into:

A

Superficial femoral artery (SFA)
Deep femoral (profuna femoris) artery

33
Q

Where does the superficial femoral artery (SFA) run?

A

Runs the length of the thigh, passing through an opening in the tendon of the adductor hiatus (adductor canal, or Hunter’s canal)

34
Q

What enters the popliteal fossa behind the knee?

A

Common femoral artery (CFA)

35
Q

Where does the deep femoral (profunda) artery arise?

A

About 5cm from the inguinal ligament on the lateral side

36
Q

The profunda femoris can act as:

A

A collateral connection

37
Q

Where is the termination of the SFA and beginning of the popliteal artery?

A

Adductor hiatus

38
Q

What divides into the anterior and posterior tibial arteries?

A

Popliteal artery

39
Q

What is referred to as the “trifurcation”?

A

Anterior tibial artery
Posterior tibial artery
Peroneal arteries

40
Q

What is the first branch of the distal popliteal artery?

A

Anterior tibial (ATA)

41
Q

What artery becomes the dosalis pedis artery (PDA)?

A

Anterior tibial (ATA)

42
Q

What is the major branch of the the DPA?

A

Deep plantar artery

43
Q

What does the plantar arch consist of?

A

deep plantar artery and lateral plantar artery

44
Q

Where does the posterior tibial (PTA) extend?

A

Obliquely down posterior/medial side of leg

45
Q

What is the TIbioperonal trunk made of?

A

Short segment between ATA branch and branches of PTA and peroneal arteries

46
Q

Major branches of the posterior tibial (PTA):

A

Lateral and medial plantar arteries;

Branching below medial malleolus to supply sold of foot

47
Q

Where does the peroneal artery extend?

A

Passes toward fibula, traveling down medial side of that bone to supply structures of the lateral side of leg/foot

48
Q

What arteries distribute blood to digits?

A

Plantar and dorsal metatarsals

49
Q

The plantar arch consists of:

A

The deep plantar artery (branch of DPA) and the lateral planar artery (branch of PTA) which unites with the deep plantar artery.

50
Q

How do the arteries run?

A

Progressively decreasing in size from aorta (largest) to arterioles (smallest)

51
Q

What do arteries transport?

A

Gases, nutrients, and other essential substances to the capillaries

52
Q

What do Arterioles do?

A

Consider resistance vessels; assist with regulating blood flow through contraction and relaxtion

53
Q

What do Capillaries do?

A

Nutrients and waste products are exchanged between the tissue and blood

54
Q

What does the Tunica intima/inner layer consist of?

A

thin, surface layer of smooth endothelium, base membrane and connective tissue

55
Q

What does the Tunica media/intermediate layer consist of?

A

thicker, composed of smooth muscle and connective tissue, largely of the elastic type

56
Q

What does the Tunica external/outer layer consist of?

A

(adventitia)

somewhat thinner than media, contains fibrous connective tissue; some muscle fibers.

57
Q

As a rule, what layer contains the vasa vasorum, tiny vessels that carry blood to the walls of the largest arteries?

A

Adventitial layer (arterial wall)

Ultrasound Vascular Technology (12 decks)

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