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Blood Supply > Arterial Blood Supply To The Head And Neck > Flashcards

Arterial Blood Supply To The Head And Neck Flashcards

1
Q

What are the three major arteries that branch from the aortic arch

A

1n order;

  1. Brachiocephalic artery
  2. Left common carotid artery
  3. Left subclavian artery
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2
Q

What are the two branches of the ascending aorta

A

They are 5cm above the ventricles. It only has 2 branches

  1. Right coronary artery
  2. Left coronary artery. They both originate from 2 cusp of the aortic valve
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3
Q

What are the four main arteries that the head and neck receive blood from?

A
  1. Common carotid arteries
    NB: the right common carotid artery is a branch of the brachiocephalic artery while the left common carotid artery originates directly from the aortic arch
  2. Vertebral arteries
  3. Thyrocervical trunk
  4. Costocervical trunk.
    NB: 2,3,4 are all branches from the subclavian artery
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4
Q

Describe how the common carotid artery course through the neck

A

It runs up the anterolateral region of the neck through the carotid sheath alongside the trachea

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5
Q

At what point does the common carotid artery bifurcate into the internal and external carotid artery

A

Approximately at the level of C4 or C5 at the upper border of the thyroid cartilage.

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6
Q

Which of the common carotid artery has distinct two parts. Ie the thoracic and the cervical part

A

Left common carotid.

NB: it originates directly from the aortic arch.

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7
Q

Which of the beaches of the common carotid arteries supply external head structures except the orbit

A

External carotid artery

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8
Q

List, in order, the branches of the external common carotid artery and areas where they supply blood

A
  1. Superior thyroid - thyroid gland an d larynx
  2. Ascending pharyngeal - pharynx
  3. Lingual artery- tongues and tonsils
  4. Facial artery - face
  5. Occipital artery - posterior scalp
  6. Maxillary artery- teeth, maxilla, oral cavity and external ear.
  7. Superficial temporal- chewing muscles, nasal cavity, most of the scalp and the dura mater.

Mnemonic
Some Anatomist Like Flirting Others Prefer M and S

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9
Q

What are the four main parts of the internal carotid artery in relation to its course of movement

A

. Cervical part- through the carotid sheath
2. Petrous part- through the carotid canal
3. Cavernous part-through the cavernous sinus
4 cerebral/ Supra cavernous part- in the cranial sub arachnoid space

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10
Q

What part of the brain does the internal carotid artery supply blood to?

A

The anterior part of the cerebrum

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11
Q

What are the branches of the internal carotid artery and their areas of supply

A
  1. Middle cerebral artery - anterior temporal lobe and insular cornices
  2. Anterior cerebral artery - frontal lobe and superior medial parietal lobe.
  3. Ophthalmic artery - orbit nose and forehead
  4. Anterior choroid - prosencephalon, diencephalon, and mesencephalon.
  5. Posterior communicating artery- base of the brain
  6. Hypophyseal artery- pituitary gland
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12
Q

What arteries are involved jn the Circle of Willis

A
  1. Anterior cerebral artery
  2. Anterior communicating artery
  3. Internal carotid artery
  4. Posterior communicating artery
  5. Posterior cerebral artery
    NB . Middle cerebral does NOT form part of the circle of Willis
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13
Q

What are the terminal branches of the internal carotid artery

A

Anterior and Middle cerebral arteries

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14
Q

Through which canal does the ophthalmic artery pass ?

A

Optic canal( just above the sella turcica)

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15
Q

Of the two vertebral artery , which is the largest

A

Left vertebral artery

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16
Q

Which area of the the circle of Willis is the most common site for aneurysm

A

Anterior communicating artery
Other common sites
2nd - internal carotid artery
3rd - posterior communicating artery

17
Q

What are the three part of the vertebral artery

A
  1. Cervical part - C6-C1 through the transverse foramen of the cervical vertebrae.
  2. Atlantic part(C1) - passes through the foramen magnum
  3. Intracranial part - unites at the caudal border of the pons to form Basillar artery
18
Q

What areas of the brain does the vertebral artery supply

A
  1. Upper spinal cord,
  2. brain stem( mid brain, pons and medulla)
  3. Cerebellum
  4. Posterior part of the brain
19
Q

What are the branches of the basillar artery

A
  1. Pontine arteries
  2. Anterior inferior cerebellar
  3. Superior cerebellar
  4. Terminal posterior cerebral artery
  5. Labyrinthine ** / internal auditory artery
20
Q

The middle meningeal artery is a branch of what branch of the external carotid artery

A

Maxillary artery

21
Q

The middle meningeal artery passes through which foramen of the skull

A

Foramen spinosum

22
Q

What areas of the skull does the middle meningeal artery supply

A

Inner surface of the parietal bone as well as the squamos part of the temporal bone in addition to the underlying dura mater

Blood Supply (5 decks)

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