Art FinalA Flashcards
The 4 Christian Artistic Periods are _____, Byzantine, Early Medieval, Romanesque, and Gothic Art.
Early Christian
The new monotheistic religion of _____ that grew out of Judaism during the Roman Imperial period adapted imagery and architectural forms from other religious cults and secular sources as its adherents sought ways to express and practice their religious beliefs in visual terms and in suitable architectural spaces.
Christianity
Under ____, Christianity became an imperial sponsored religion, and Christian themes have ever since been the subjects of many of the greatest works of Western art.
a. Caesar
b. Caligula
c. Constantine
c. Constantine
The conversion of the pagan world to Christianity was accompanied by the rejection of the classical style in sculpture and painting and the emergence of a new non-naturalistic, sacred aesthetic featuring wafer-thin, frontal figures and gold background.
a. True
b. False
a. True
The ___ were burial places beneath city streets, most notably in Rome.
catacombs
Catacomb paintings mixed Old and New Testament themes, including the fresco ____, in the Catacomb of Saints Peter and Marcellinus, Rome, Italy. During the Early Christian Period, Jonah was a popular subject because he was swallowed by a sea monster and emerged safely after three days, prefiguring Christ’s Resurrection.
a. Noble Shepherd, the story of Isaac, and the muses
b. Destitute Shepherd, the story of Abraham, and orants
c. Good Shepherd, the story of Jonah, and orants
c. Good Shepherd, the story of Jonah, and orants
Prior to Constantine, artists almost always depicted Christ either as ___ or as a young teacher.
a. Zeus
b. Sol Invictus
c. the young philosopher
d. the Good Shepherd
e. a judge
d. the Good Shepherd
After Constantine, artists almost always depicted Christ either as ____ or as a young teacher.
a. Zeus
b. Sol Invictus
c. the young philosopher
d. the Good Shepherd
e. a judge
b. Sol Invictus
Which of the following attributes did Christ assume after Christianity was officially recognized?
a. royal purple
b. the bearded face of a mature adult
c. throne
d. all of these answers
e. halo
d. all of these answers
Early Christians associated freestanding statues with the worship of false gods by the pagans, which mosaics played an important part in Early Christian buildings, advertising the new faith in all its diverse aspects.
a. True
b. False
a. True
In the mosaic Christ as the Good Shepherd, from the entrance wall of the ___, Ravenna, Italy, the figure of Jesus sits among his flock, haloed and robed in gold and purple.
a. none of these answers
b. Santa Sabina
c. Santa Costanza
d. Mausoleum of Galla Placidia
e. Old St. Peter’s
d. Mausoleum of Galla Placidia
The 4 periods of ___ art include: Early Byzantine Art (527-726), Iconoclasm (726-843), Middle Byzantine Art (843-1204), and Late Byzantine Art (1204-1453).
Byzantine
In 324, Constantine I founded the city Constantinople on the site of the ancient city of Byzantium to serve as the new capital of the Roman Empire. After the collapse of the empire in the west in the 5th century, Constantinople and the eastern portion of the empire continued to flourish artistically for another thousand years, until the 15th century when it was finally defeated and occupied by the Ottoman Turks.
a. True
b. False
True
The reign of ____ marked the end of the Late Roman Empire and the beginning of the Byzantine Empire.
a. San Vitale and San Apollinare
b. Justinian and Theodora
c. Saint Catherine
b. Justinian and Theodora
The meaning of the name of the Hagia Sophia in Constantinople:
a. The Church of Holy Wisdom
b. The Church of Holy Divine
c. The Church of Sophia
a. The Church of Holy Wisdom
The dome at Hagia Sophia has been called the ____.
a. Altar of Heaven
b. Dome of Heaven
c. Pantheon
d. Dome of the Rock
e. iconstasis
b. Dome of Heaven
Although neither ___ ever visited Ravenna, the mosaics in San Vitale show them lining up with their entourage to take part in the Eucharist at that church, he is carrying the bread and she is carrying the wine.
a. Eva nor Juan Peron
b. Justinian nor Theodora
c. Julius Caesar nor Cleopatra
b. Justinian nor Theodora
The two mosaics in San Vitale, Ravenna, “Justinian and his attendants” and “Theodora and attendants” reveal the new ____ aesthetic. Justinian and also Theodora are foremost among the weightless and speechless frontal figures hovering before the viewer.
a. Byzantine
b. Roman
c. Orthodox
a. Byzantine
During the Byzantine Period ___ in worship were used because they were considered a personal, intimate medium for spiritual transaction with holy figures; sometimes they were ascribed with miracles and healing powers.
a. icons
b. iconoclasts
c. iconophiles
d. all of these answers
e. iconostasis
b. iconoclasts
“Christ as ____” in the dome mosaic in the Church of the Dormition, Daphni, Greece represents Christ as ruler and judge of heaven and earth: the “Ruler of all”.
Pantokrator
Three hallmarks of the style of ____ are subtle linear play in drapery, intensely vivid, saturated, and pure color which defines the forms, and nearly identical figures that are distinguished only by their garment colors, as can be seen in the paintings “Old Testament Trinity.”
Andrei Rublyev
In the seventh and eighth centuries, ___ spread through the Near East, North Africa, and into parts of Southern Europe (notable, Spain).
Islam
Islam dates its beginning from the flight of ___ from Mecca in 622CE called the “Hegira”
a. Muhammad
b. Omar Khayyam
c. Kublai Kahn
a. Muhammad
Arab Scholars laid the foundations of arithmetic and algebra, and their contributions to astronomy, medicine, and the natural sciences have made a lasting impression in the Western world.
a. True
b. False
a. True