ART APP Flashcards by Sophia Charies Sudla

“Man is the measure of all things,”

PROTAGORAS

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Human beings have continuously fascinated philosophers,
scholars, and scientists for over how many millenia

TWO

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often evoke associations with the arts

HUMANITIES

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These areas highlight human subjectivity and celebrate individual expressiveness

Painting, sculpture, architecture, literature, music,
dance, theatre.

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Etymology of humanities

Derived from the Latin word “humanus,” meaning
human, cultured, and refined.

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Records humanity’s quest for answers about
existence and the world.

HUMANITIES

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Studies the behavior and conduct of humans from the
past to the present

HUMANITIES

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Academic disciplines distinct in content and method
from physical, biological, and social sciences

HUMANITIES

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relates to freedom and personal choice
within constraints of heredity, history, and environment

HUMANISM

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ETYMOLOGY OF ARTS

Derived from Aryan root “ar” (to join or put together).

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refers to everything artificially
made or composed by man.

Latis “ar”,”artis”

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Refers to skillful arrangement of natural qualities
(sounds, colors, lines, movements, etc.) for
meaningful and enjoyable expression (Adams, 2002).

ARTS

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Deals with human personality and experiences,
employing perception, insights, feelings, and
intuition.

ARTS

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Deals with human personality and experiences,
employing perception, insights, feelings, and
intuition.

ARTS

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Provides enjoyment and stimulation

ARTS

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Reflects humanity, offering insight into human
nature.

ARTS

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Showcases passions, desires, potentials, and human
relationships.

ARTS

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architecture, weaving,
furniture-making) serves as what function

FUNCTIONAL ARTS

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(e.g., painting, literature, music)
fulfill spiritual and aesthetic needs.

NON-FUNCTIONAL ARTS

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need

Expresses inner thoughts, emotions, dreams, and
aspirations

Human need for expression:

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Sharing art fosters empathy, understanding, and
connections.

SOCIAL NEED

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Art improves human life and combines form with
function.

PHYSICAL NEED

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studies aesthetics (beauty and taste) to
interpret and evaluate art.

PHILOSOPHY

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Greek philosopher known for famous Dialogues (e.g., The
Republic).

PLATO

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Appreciated storytelling but deemed arts dangerous for shaping character.

PLATO

Advocated controlling the arts to train ideal citizens.

PLATO

2 THEORIES OF ART BY PLATO

ART IS IMITATION ART IS DANGEROUS

# plato meaning Art imitates physical things, which are themselves imitations of eternal Forms.

ART IS IMITATION

# plasto meaning Art stirs emotions and must be censored (as discussed in The Republic).

ART IS DANGEROUS

Possess skills and imagination to create better copies of true Forms (Hospers, n.d.)

PLATO

German Enlightenment philosopher.

IMMANUEL KANT

Wrote a treatise on aesthetics, Observations on the Feelings of the Beautiful and the Sublime (1763).

IMMANUEL KANT

Focused on beauty, not art itself.

IMMANUEL KANT

Believed beauty is a matter of taste and depends on how people respond to objects.

IMMANUEL KANT

2 TYPES OF MATTER TASTE BY IMMANUEL KANT

Subjective and Universal Taste

Centers on the pleasure one feels when responding to an object.

SUBJECTIVE TASTE

Non-aesthetic; focuses on appreciating the artwork as it is.

UNIVERSAL TASTE

Beauty is about form, not color

IMMANUEL KANT

They Exhibit exceptional skills in visual or performing arts.

ARTISTS

Highly sensitive, perceptive, and creative.

ARTISTS

Transform ideas into artistic forms using various media (e.g., paint, clay, music).

ARTISTS

2 Components of Art

FORM SUBSTANCE

# 2 components of art Skillful arrangement of media (e.g., stone, paint).

FORM

# 2 components of art Artist's analyzed and felt experience as subject matter.

SUBSTANCE

Skilled craft workers creating handmade items.

ARTISANS

# who Creations may be functional or decorative (e.g., pottery, jewelry, furniture).

ARTISANS

may be in a single art form or multiple forms.

EXPRESSION

7 TYPES OF ART FORM

PAINTING SCULPTURE ARCHITECTURE MUSIC DANCE LITERATURE THEATRE

Application of pigment to a surface; twodimensiona

PAINTING

Three-dimensional form using various materials

SCULPTURE

Functional art creating building designs

ARCHITECTURE

Art of sound through instruments or song

MUSIC

Graceful/Art of body movements attuned to music;

DANCE

Use of words to express thoughts

LITERATURE

Drama performance combining music, dance, and literature

THEATRE

include photography, digital arts, and installations.

CONTEMPORARY FORMS

3 CLASSIFICATIONS OF ART

VISUAL ART PERFOMING ARTS LITERATURE

Painting, sculpture, architecture. (classification of art)

VISUAL ART

Music, dance, theatre. (Classification of art)

PERFORMING ARTS

Sometimes overlaps with performing arts (classification of art)

LITERATURE

essential for self-understanding and expression

ARTS

transcends time, impacting past and present societies

ARTS

Represents a lasting legacy of human creativity and connection

ARTS

Famous philosopher from Ancient Greece.

ARISTOTLE

Student of Plato.

ARISTOTLE

always involves action.

GOOD ARTS

can exist in motionless objects or things

BEAUTY

# TYPE OF BEAUTY is influenced by size, which should neither be too big nor too small (as stated in Poetics).

PHYSICAL BEAUTY

To give pleasure

ART

is considered more philosophic and serious than philosophy itself.

POETRY

lies in how familiar objects are represented by the artist.

APPEAL OF ART

MAIN APPEALS OFTEN LIES IN?

INTENSITY AND CLARITY

refers to what the work represents (e.g., a person, object, scene, or event).

SUBJECT IN ART

2 TYPES OF ART

OBJECTIVE AND NON-OBECTIVE

Artworks with subjects.

OBJECTIVE ART

Artworks without subjects.

NON-OBJECTIVE

2 Design Elements in Non-Objective Art

COLOR LINES

Conveys mood

COLOR

Light and delicate suggest gaiety ; dark, heavy ones communicate foreboding.

LINES

they often create nonobjective art.

Contemporary painters and sculptors

Artists draw inspiration from unlimited objects.

OBJECTIVE ART

are influenced by unique personalities and experiences

ARTIST'S INSPIRATION

8 CATEGORIES OF INSPIRATION

NATURE PEOPLE HISTORY LEGENDS RELIGION MYTHOLOGY DREAMS AND FANTASIES TECHNOLOGY

Popular source for objective art (e.g., mountains, trees, seascapes, cloudscapes)

NATURE

Depictions of humans

PEOPLE

Artworks that commemorate events or teach historical lessons

HISTORY

Depicts tangible forms of unverified stories

LEGENDS

Inspired by sacred texts (e.g., Bible, Quran, Torah); conveys beliefs.

RELIGION

Stories of gods and goddesses

MYTHOLOGY

Inspired by the unconscious; artists share interpretations of dreams.

DREAMS AND FANTASY

Modern subjects include cityscapes, machines, airplanes, etc.

TECHNOLOGY

9 PRESENTATION STYLES OF PAINTING

NATURALISM REALISM ABSTRACTION SYMBOLISM FUTURISM FAUVISM DADAISM SURREALISM EXPRESSIONISM

Originates from Greek (Hellenistic) art.

NATURALISM

# PRESENTATION STYLE Depicts gods and heroes as human-like in appearance and behavior.

NATURALISM

# PRESENTATION STYLE Greek deities are idealized human forms, unlike Egyptian (Coptic) depictions.

NATURALISM

# PRESENTATION STYLE Figures are perfected to symbolize stature and significance akin to today's comic-book superheroes.

NATURALISM

# PRESENTATION STYLE Focuses on universal human characteristics accepted by the culture (Kissick, 1996).

NATURALISM

# PRESENTATION STYLE Portrays the subject as it is.

REALISM

# PRESENTATION STYLE Strives for objectivity, creating works that appear as real as photographs.

REALISM

# PRESENTATION STYLE Most popular presentation style for art subjects

REALISM

# PRESENTATION STYLE Moves away from reality, simplifying or reorganizing subject characteristics.

ABSTRACTION

# PRESENTATION STYLE Artist alters shape and colors to express ideas or emotions.

ABSTRACTION

4 FORMS OF ABSTRACTION

DISTORTION ELONGATION MANGLING CUBISM

# 4 TYPES OF ABSTRACTION Proportions are altered to dramatize shapes or evoke emotions.

DISTORTION

# 4 TYPES OF ABSTRACTION Subjects are stretched vertically or lengthened for a thin appearance.

ELONGATION

# 4 TYPES OF ABSTRACTION Subjects are cut, lacerated, mutilated, or hacked, common in sculpture, theatre, and film.

MANGLING

# 4 TYPES OF ABSTRACTION Uses geometric figures (cone, cylinder, sphere, etc.) instead of realistic elements.

CUBISM

# PRESENTATION STYLE Symbols represent invisible ideas or qualities.

SYMBOLISM

# PRESENTATTION STYLE Adds mystery to the artwork, inviting viewers to uncover deeper meanings.

SYMBOLISM

# PRESENTATTION STYLE Captures speed, force, and technologies of modern life in paintings and sculptures.

FUTURISM

# PRESENTATTION STYLE Means "wild beasts."

FAUVISM

# PRESENTATTION STYLE Focuses on comfort, joy, and pleasure rat

FAUVISM

# PRESENTATTION STYLE Features bright, non-representational colors (e.g., orange leaves, yellow sky).

FAUVISM

# PRESENTATTION STYLE Revolt against art traditions, highlighting society's wickedness.

DADAISM

# PRESENTATTION STYLE aim to shock and provoke through outrageous writings, poetry, and exhibits.

DADAISTS

# PRESENTATTION STYLE Invented word for "super realism"; started in Paris in 1924 by French poet Andre Breton.

SURREALISM

# PRESENTATTION STYLE Emphasizes subconscious mind activities.

SURREALISM

# PRESENTATTION STYLE Themes often violent and cruel, revealing true, deep aspects of human nature.

SURREALISM

# PRESENTATTION STYLE Some works diverge from cruelty and focus on other surreal elements.

SURREALISM

# PRESENTATTION STYLE Believes man needs spiritual rebirth to correct societal defects.

EXPRESSIONISM

# PRESENTATTION STYLE Depicts emotions aroused by objects/events: chaos, sadness, tragedy, defeat.

EXPRESSIONISM

3 TYPES OF ARTISTS

VISUAL CREATIVE PERFORMING

Use visual arts for expression

VISUAL ARTIST

# TYPE OF ARTIST Skilled in writing and arranging musical notes

CREATIVE ARTIST

# TYPE OF ARTIST Produce works like novels, poetry, plays, and musical pieces.

CREATIVE ARTIST

# TYPE OF ARTIST Execute art in front of audiences

PERFORMING ARTIST

# TYPE OF ARTIST Refine skills through training and rehearsals.

PERFORMING ARTIST

refers to materials an artist uses to express ideas, feelings, and imagination.

MEDIUM

3 CLASSIFICATIONS OF MEDIUM

VISUAL ARTS AUDITORY/ TIME ARTS COMBINED ARTS

can be seen and occupy space;

VISUAL ARTS

2 TYPES OF VISUAL ARTS

GRAPHIC ARTS(2D) PLASTIC ARTS(3D)

# CLASSIFICATION OF MEDIUM Can be heard and expressed in time (e.g., music, literature).

AUDITORY/TIME ARTS

# TYPE OF VISUAL ART Incorporate time and space (e.g., dance, drama, cinema).

COMBINED ARTS

# CLASSIFICATION OF MEDIUM Known as performing or ephemeral arts:

AUDITOR/TIME ARTS

Artist’s skill and knowledge of medium to achieve desired effects.

TECHNIQUE

Derived from Latin curare ("to take care")

CURATION

CURARE MEANING

TO TAKE CARE

Process of managing, overseeing, and assembling artistic or historical exhibits.

CURATION

3 ROLES OF CURATOR

DECIDE DOCUMENT SHARE

6 STEPS IN CURATION PROCESS

SELECTION ARRANGEMENT CONTEXTUALIATION PRESENTATION POST-EXHIBIT CONTINUOUS UPDATING OF COLLECTIONS

5 GRAPHIC OR 2D ART

DRAWING MOSAIC PAINTING COLLAGE PRINTING

# 2D ART Fundamental skill for visual artists, used for studies, sketches, or cartoons.

DRAWING

shows general organization/design of product.

SKETCH

full-size work; used as guide/basis.

CARTOON

5 COMMON MEDIA FOR DRAWING

PENCIL INK PASTEL CHARCOAL PAPER

Graphite; labeled 2B, 4B, 6B (high #= softer & darker) Can create various lines and tones based on sharpness, pressure, and angle.

PENCIL

4 SHADING TECHNIQUES

HATCHING CROSS-HATCHING STIPPLING BLENDING

Parallel lines in the same direction.

HATCHING

Criss-crossing parallel lines.

CROSS-HATCHING

: Dot patterns.

STIPPLING

Gradual tone transitions.

BLENDING

One of the oldest drawing materials.

INK

Used for calligraphy and controlled, uniform linework

INK

# MEDIA OF DRAWING Composed of dry pigment with gum or oil binder.

PASTEL

5 TECHNIQUES OF PASTEL

STIPPLING FEATHERING SCUMBLING IMPASTO SGRAFITTO

Organic medium from burnt wood.

CHARCOAL

2 TYPES OF CHARCOAL

COMPRESSED VINE CHARCOAL

loose charcoal mixed w/ binder into sticks

COMPRESSED CHARCOAL

thin stikcs; easy to blend.

VINE CHARCOAL

Made from wood, grass, /linen rags.; most common in 2D art.

PAPER

3 TYPES OF PAPER

HOT-PRESSED COLD-PRESSED ROUGH

Wall or floor decoration made from: Small tiles or irregularly cut colored stones or glass (tesserae). Meticulously arranged into patterns and fixed using plaster or cement.

MOSAIC

Commonly found in churches and public buildings.

MOSAIC

Immovable, similar to frescoes.

MOSAIC

Classroom versions can use seeds, eggshells, punched art paper, and beads on paper/cardboard.

MOSAIC

Art of creating effects on a flat surface (e.g., paper, cloth, canvas, wood, plaster).

PAINTING

6 MEDIA FOR PAINTING

WATERCOLOR GOUACHE OIL PAINTS TEMPERA FRESCO ACRYLIC

Pigment mixed with water. Applied in layers (layering technique) on paper.

WATERCOLOR

Pigment mixed with water and chalk for opacity

GOUACHE

Pigments mixed with oil as binder

OIL PAINTS

Pigment mixed with egg yolk or glue/ gum

TEMPERA

Pigment mixed with water and applied on wet plaster.

FRESCO

Used for murals, often with religious or historical themes.

FRESCO

Modern synthetic paint with acrylic emulsion as binder.

ACRYLIC

Quick-drying like watercolor and as flexible as oil paints.

ACRYLIC

Derived from the French word coller, meaning "to stick."

COLLAGE

COLLER MEANING

TO STICK

Created by gluing or pasting materials or found objects onto a firm surface.

COLLAGE

Process for reproducing graphic works

PRINTING

2 TYPES OF PRINTING

MATRIX PRINT

transferring a master image from a printing plate

MATRIX

# TYPE OF PRINTING created by the plate on the surface

3 TECHNIQUES OF PRINTING

RELIEF PRINTING INTAGLIO PRINTING SURFACE PRINTING

OLDEST METHOD OF PRINTING

RELIEF

Opposite of relief printing.

INTAGLIO

Printing from flat surfaces (plane).

SURFACE

2 PLASTIC OR 3D ARTS

SCULPTURE ARCHITECTURE

Originates from the Latin word sculpere ("to carve").

SCULPTURE

3 TYPES OF SCULPTURE

FREESTANDING RELIEF KINETIC SCULPTURE

# 3 TYPES OF SCULPTURE Can be viewed from all sides.

FREESTANDING

# 3 TYPES OF SCULPTURE Figures project from a background.

RELIEF

2 TYPES OF RELIEF

HIGH LOW

# 3 TYPES OF SCULPTURE Capable of movement using wind, water, or energy.

KINETIC SCULPTURE

3 PROCESSES OF CREATING SCULPTURES

SUBTRACTIVE ADDITIVE PROCESS OF SUBSTITUTION

Cutting away material using tools like chisels, hammers, saws, and grinders.

SUBTRACTIVE

Assembling materials or welding metal parts to construct forms.

ADDITIVE

Using molds to produce figures with liquid material (3 Types: sand-casting, plastic casting, lost-wax casting)

Process of Substitution

7 MEDIA OF SCULPTURE

STONE WOOD METAL PLASTER TERRA COTTA GLASS PLASTIC

Natural, hard, and long-lasting

STONE

is considered the most beautiful;

MARBLE

# MEDIA FOR SCULTURE Natural and easier to work on than stone.

WOOD

# MEDIA FOR SCULTURE Known for tensile strength, ductility, and malleability

METAL

3 TYPES OF METAL

STAINLESS BRONZE BRASS

# MEDIA FOR SCULTURE Finely ground gypsum mixed with water, molded, and painted after drying.

PLASTER

# MEDIA FOR SCULTURE "Cooked earth"; baked clay hardened in kilns.

TERRA COTTA

# MEDIA FOR SCULTURE Made from heated sand and soda lime.

GLASS

3 TECHNIQUES OF GLASS MAKING

HOT SCULPTING COLD WORKING GLASS BLOWING

# MEDIA FOR SCULTURE Synthetic organic polymer; soft and moldable. Often used for reproductions of original sculptures.

PLASTIC

Art of designing buildings and structures to serve specific functions.

ARCHITECTURE

6 CONSTRUCTION PRINCIPLES

POST AND INTEL ARCH DERIVED STRUCTURE TRUSS CANTILEVER BUTTRESS

Oldest construction system

POST AND INTEL

Roman invention using wedge-shaped blocks (voussoirs) arranged in a semi-circle.

ARCH

BARREL VAULT GROIN VAULT DOME

DERIVED STRUCTURE

System of triangular forms creating rigid frameworks.

TRUSS

Horizontal beam or slab extending beyond supporting posts.

CANTILEVER

Structure built to support walls

BUTTRESS

are common in European churches supporting domes.

FLYING BUTTRESS

2 MEDIA OF ARCHITECTURE

COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH TENSILE STRENGTH

4 TYPES OF MATERIALS IN ARCHITECTURE

STONE AND BRICKS LUMBER(WOOD) IRON AND STEEL CONCRETE

Durable and adaptable for sculptural treatment. Natural but difficult to quarry, transport, and cut. Weak in tension, limiting its use for beams and supports.

STONE

Fire and water-resistant, easy to produce and transport. Size limited for drying and handling efficiency. Can be molded for structural or decorative purposes.

BRICKS

Versatile for constructing all parts of a building except foundations. Strength derives from organic fibers; unaffected by cutting or exposure.

LUMBER(WOOD)

Innovations revolutionized architecture with stronger, taller structures.

IRON AND STEEL

Mixture of cement, water, sand, and gravel.

CONCRETE

Combines spoken or written words and their meanings into forms with artistic and emotional appeal..

LITERATURE

Words are arranged in patterns to suggest feelings and images.

LITERATURE

Words are arranged in patterns to suggest feelings and images.

LITEARURE PIECES

4 GENRES OF LITERATURE

POETRY FICTION NONFICTION DRAMA

Written in lines instead of sentences or paragraphs. Traditionally follows rules for lines and stanzas; now more free-flowing.

POETRY

Imaginative works not based on real events. Written in structured prose with chapters.

FICTION

Based on real people and experiences.

NONFICTION

2 TYPES OF NON FICTION

LITERARY INFORMATIVE

Written in prose, divided into chapters.

NONFICTION

Written works meant to be performed for an audience.

DRAMA

Combines and regulates sounds of varying pitch to convey ideas and emotions.

MUSIC

Likely inspired by natural sounds (e.g., chirping

MUSIC

2 MEDIA IN MUSIC

VOCAL INSTRUMENTAL

Oldest, most popular, and personal form of music.

VOCAL MUSIC

most natural form of music

HUMAN VOICE

6 CLASSIFICATIONS OF HUMAN VOICE

SOPRANO MEZZO SOPRANO CONTRALTO TENOR BARITONE BASS

Instruments produce sound through blowing, beating, plucking, or using bows.

INSTRUMENTAL

5 TYPES OF INSTRUMENTAL MEDIUM

STRING WOODWIND BRASS PERCUSSION KEYBOARD

2 TYPES OF STRING INSTRUMENTS

BOWED PLUCKED

7 GENRES OF MUSIC

CLASSICAL FOLK POP JAZZ BLUES ROCK ALTERNATIVE

European tradition (1750–1830); standardized forms like symphonies.

CLASSICAL

Traditional culture; transmitted orally

FOLK MUSIC

Inspired by rock and roll; emerged in the 1950s.

POP MUSIC

Originated in African-American communities (New Orleans).

JAZZ

Emerged in the Deep South; incorporates spiritual songs and ballads

BLUES

Evolved from rock and roll in the 1960s; experimentation and anti-establishment themes.

ROCK

Distinct from mainstream rock; emerged in the 1980s.

ALTERNATIVE MUSIC

is considered the oldest art form, expressing emotions through rhythmic movements.

DANCE

5 TYPES OF DANCE

ETHNOLOGIC SOCIAL BALLET CONTEMPORARY MUSICAL COMEDY

Associated with national or cultural groups.

ETHNOLOGIC

Performed in pairs.

SOCIAL

Originated in medieval royal courts; performed solo or in groups

BALLET

Emphasizes personal communication of moods and themes.

CONTEMPORARY

Performed in theaters, clubs, movies, and television.

MUSICAL COMEDY

Depicts the battle between good and evil where good always prevails.

MELODRAMA

Genre of literature intended to be performed on stage.

DRAMA/THEATRE

4 GENRES OF DRAMA

TRAGEDY MELODRAMA COMEDY FARCE

Presents life solemnly and seriously

TRAGEDY

Opposite of tragedy; portrays human weakness and limitations.

COMEDY

Humorous play emphasizing exaggerated situations, improbable characters, and physical comedy

FARCE

Series of images projected onto screens to create the illusion of motion (motion pictures, movies, or films)

CINEMA

5 GENRES OF MOTION PICTURE

FEATURE FILMS ANIMATED MOVIES DOCUMENTARY MOVIES EXPERIMENTAL FILMS EDUCATIONAL FILMS

Shown in large movie theaters; 1½ to 2 hours long. Fictional or based on real events, portrayed by actors. Enhanced realism with costumes, makeup, and special effects

FEATURE FILMS

Created by animators using 2D drawings, 3D objects, or computer-generated images. Modern animated films use 3D effects for realism.

ANIMATED MOVIES

Focus on factual events; broadcast on cable and TV networks. Examples: World War documentaries, 9/11 Attack, An Inconvenient Truth.

DOCUMENTARY MOVIES

Abstract or literal sequence of images without narratives.

EXPERIMENTAL FILMS

Designed for learning at home or classrooms.

EDUCATIONAL FILMS

4 PEOPLE BEHIND MOTION PICTURES

ACTOR PRODUCER DIRECTOR SCREENWRITER

Portray characters by preparing mentally and physically for roles before filming.

ACTOR

Manages finances, hires teams, supervises production, and handles film distribution.

PRODUCER

Develops original stories or adapts literary works into screenplays

SCREENWRITER

Interprets scripts, visualizes films, and guides actors and crews through production.

DIRECTOR

is perceived through the eyes and uses various elements to express ideas and feelings.

VISUAL ART

Path made by a moving point.

LINE

Path made by a moving point.

LINE

is an intended mark conveying meaning beyond its physical appearance.

LINE

2 KINDS OF LINE

STRAIGHT AND CURVED

4 TYPES OF STRAIGHT LINES

HORIZONTAL VERTICAL DIAGONAL ZIGZAG

Found in nature, especially in living organisms.

CURVED LINES

2 CURVED LINES

SPECIFIC AND WAVY

act as the basis for expressing visual ideas.

LINE

Enhances beauty and meaning in art; conveys moods, feelings, and personality.

COLOR

Composed of wavelengths that strike the retina

COLOR

- color quality

PIGMENTATION

3 PROPERTIES OF COLOR

HUE VALUE INTENSITY

Given name of the color

HUE

Refers to lightness or darkness.

VALUE

Brightness or dullness.

INTENSITY

4 TYPES OF COLOR HARMONY

MONOCHROMATIC HARMONY COMPLEMENTARY HARMONY ANALOGOUS HARMONY COLOR TEMPARATURE

Single color varied in intensity and value

MONOCHROMATIC

Opposite colors on the color wheel placed side by

COMPLEMENTARY

Adjacent colors on the color wheel used together

ANALOGOUS

WARM AND COOL

COLOR TEMPARATURE

Technique for manipulating light and shadow in painting

Chiaroscuro Technique

is formed when two ends of a line meet to enclose an area.

SHAPE

Areas not occupied by forms within or around shapes.

NEGATIVE SHAPE

4 CLASSIFICATIONS OF SHAPE

NATURAL ABSTRACT NON OBJECTIVE GEOMETRIC

SHAPES SEEN IN NATURE

NATURAL SHAPES

Have minimal or no resemblance to natural objects.

ABSTRACT SHAPES

Rarely reference recognizable objects but resemble organic forms.

NON OBJECTIVE SHAPES

Include triangles, rectangles, squares, cylinders, and cubes.

GEOMETRIC SHAPES

Refers to the tactile quality of a surface

TEXTURE

2 TYPES OF TEXTURE

TACTILE VISUAL

Actual feel of a surface.

TACTILE TEXTURE

Perceived by eyes texture when the object cannot be physically touched (e.g., artworks in museums)

VISUAL TEXTURE

Adds richness and vitality to paintings and sculptures.

TEXTURE

is an illusion created to add depth and distance in two-dimensional art.

SPACE

2 TYPES OF SPACE

CLOSED OPEN

5 METHODS OF CREATING SPACE IN PAINTINGS

OVERLAPPING PLANES RELATIVE SIZE POSITION ON THE PICTUREPLANE COLOR PERSPECTIVE

2 WAYS OF MOVEMENT

ACTUAL IMPLIED

Common in kinetic art, particularly sculptures.

ACTUAL

Created in two-dimensional art through:

IMPLIED MOVEMENT

5 ELEMENTS OF MUSIC

RHYTHM MELODY HARMONY TIMBRE FORM

Movement or pattern with uniform recurrence of accented and unaccented beats.

RHYTHM

Succession of tones arranged musically; refers to the tune’s rise and fall.

MELODY

Sounding of multiple tones simultaneously

HARMONY

2 TYPES OF HARMONY

CONCORDANCE DISSONANCE

Tonal quality distinguishing sounds of instruments or human voices.

TIMBRE

Structure or framework of a musical composition.

FORM

Drama set to music with actions, costumes, and scenery.

OPERA

Religious story in music, performed without actions.

CANTATA

Philippine musical drama portraying conflict between Christians and Muslims.

MORO MORO

Long composition for solo instruments (e.g., piano, violin).

SONATA

Regulates volume through symbols

DYNAMICS

Regulates volume through symbols

CONDUCTORS

8 ELEMENTS OF DANCE

MUSIC MOVEMENT CHOREOGRAPHY TECHNIQUE THEME DESIGN PATTERN COSTUME

Closely related to dance; melodic, harmonious, and rhythmical. Captivates audiences and motivates dancers.

MUSIC

Involves creating organized patterns and gestures expressing emotions or ideas.

MOVEMENT

Connects steps and movements for performance.

CHOREOGRAPHY

Connects steps and movements for performance.

TECHNIQUE

Main content or message of the dance.

THEME

Planned organization of movements in time and space.

DESIGN

Provided by rhythm and executed in spatial settings

PATTERN

Relates to customs, beliefs, and environment of the people.

COSTUME

a is a genre of literature written primarily for performance by actors on stage before a live audience.

DRAMA

5 ELEMENTS OF DRAMA

PLOT SETTING DIALOGUE THEME CHARACTERS

is performed live and is immediate—actions cannot be undone once performed.

THEATRE ART

4 ELEMENTS OF THEATRE

PLAYWRIGHT PERFORMERS PRODUCTION DESIGN DIRECTOR

6 ELEMENTS OF CINEMA

ACTING AND THE STARS SET AND ART DIRECTOR MUSIC AND MUSICAL DIRECTOR COLOR MAKE-UP, HAIR, COSTUME DESIGN SOUND, CAMERA, SPECIAL EFFECTS TECHNICIANS

3 KEY ELEMENTS OF VISUAL ARTS.

FORM CONTENT CONTEXT

How specific elements are organized to create a unified whole

FORM

Message conveyed by the artist through the work. Levels:

CONTENT

Circumstances influencing the artwork’s production and interpretation.

CONTEXT

9 KEY PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN

BALANCE EMPHASIS MOVEMENT PATTERN PROPORTION REPETITION RHYTHM VARIETY UNITY

Serves as a guide for subject placement on the picture plane.

RULE OF THIRDS