art 300 final Flashcards
1
Q
TRUE OR FALSE: manet allowed himself to paint academically
A
false
2
Q
TRUE OR FALSE: luncheon on the grass blurred the line between fact and fiction
A
true
3
Q
what was the salon des refuses of 1863
A
a salon held in paris that held rejected works of art from the academies
4
Q
TRUE OR FALSE: salon de refuses only happened once
A
true
5
Q
TRUE OR FALSE: the aftermath of the siege of petersburg is a turning point in the civil war
A
true
6
Q
TRUE OR FALSE: winslow homer didn’t start out as an illustrator
A
false
7
Q
TRUE OR FALSE: veteran in a new field by winslow homer wasn’t about the civil war
A
false
8
Q
TRUE OR FALSE: manet always exhibited with the impressionist
A
false
9
Q
TRUE OR FALSE: homer didn’t go to england in 1882
A
false
10
Q
first commercial camera avaliable to the public
A
dagerrotype camera
11
Q
TRUE OR FALSE: in manet’s olympia, the body was a commodity
A
true
12
Q
in manet’s olympia ______ and _______ are names with allusions to classical antiquity
A
venus and olympia
13
Q
for olympia, manet copied what work of art when he was in italy
A
titans venus of urbino
14
Q
what happened to images of fallen soldiers during the civil war?
A
their bodies were dragged and posed for publicity
15
Q
who was one of the most important landscape photographers in the USA?
A
Carlton Watkins
16
Q
TRUE OR FALSE: during the civil war, thousands of people were killed in wheat fields
A
true
17
Q
TRUE OR FALSE: in 1883, watercolors began to play an increasing role in Homer’s work
A
true
18
Q
TRUE OR FALSE: the daguerrotype camera changed the ability for anyone to have their photograph taken
A
true
19
Q
how did the daguerrotype work?
A
not a photograph, done on a copper plate
20
Q
what was one of the problems with the daguerrotype camera?
A
the process required a long exposure time
21
Q
TRUE OR FALSE: photography didn’t reframe how we looked at the world
A
false
22
Q
who experimented with printing on paper in 1839?
A
William Fox Talbot
23
Q
Matthew B Brady was one of the earliest photographers in American history who started out as a
A
portrait photographer
24
Q
who was Matthew B Brady known for taking portraits of?
A
Abraham Lincoln
25
TRUE OR FALSE: Brady photographed many presidents during the mid to late 19th century
true
26
Carlton Watkins took a photo of what national park in 1861?
Yosemite
27
TRUE OR FALSE: Carlton Watkins was one of the first photographers to visit yosemite
true
28
TRUE OR FALSE: Watkins photographs helped to lay the establishment for national parks in America
true
29
TRUE OR FALSE: Abraham Lincoln set aside land for the national parks when he saw Watkins photographs of places like Yosemite
true
30
What is Carlton Watkins best known for?
images of the American West
31
who was one of the most important photographers in Europe around the 1870s?
Nadar
32
Who photographed Ophelia in 1867?
Juliet Margaret Cameron
33
Who was one of the most important woman photographers in this era?
Juliet Margaret Cameron
34
TRUE OR FALSE: Juliet Margaret Cameron wasn't exclusively a portrait photographer
false
35
which photographer merges photography with science?
Eadward Muybridge
36
Muybridge is commissioned by Leland Stanford to
do a series of pictures to determine if a horse has all hooves in air while running
37
why is Muybridges galloping horse so important?
it is the first step towards eventually developing moving pictures
38
where did ukio-oyi prints become very popular?
in the west
39
what were some characteristics of uki-oyi prints?
- exaggerated foreshortening
- asymetry of design
- areas of flat color
- lack of shadows
- imaginative
- agressive cropping
40
images of _______ were popular in uki-oyi prints
courtesans
41
what was the most popular uki-oyi print?
The Great Wave by Hokusai
42
What was the Great Wave about?
man being inconsequential to the power of nature or man against the danger of nature
43
Charles Baudelaire
- French poet that wrote "Painter of Modern Life"
- Emphasis on painting subjects of the current day and life rather than those of the past
- Became close friends with Manet
44
Music in the Tuileries
- Edouard Manet
- Includes himself in the painting
- Painting of those in Manet's circle
45
The Luncheon on the Grass
- Edouard Manet
- received poorly by critics
- Painting of prostitute staring directly at the viewer
- Admitted to the Salon des Refuses
46
Olympia
- Manet
- Painting of prostitute, notion that the body is a commodity
- Copy of traditional Sleeping Venus by Titian, but since subject is prostitute and not a goddess, seen as scandalous
- Black cat = symbol of lust
47
Edouard Manet
Modern artist who painted multiple controversial paintings, considered one of the first "modern painters" and never exhibited with the Impressionists
48
The Bar at the Folies Bergere
Manet
-Shows how the painter combines Impressionism and Realism
- Bar maids were often prostitutes, thus she looks exhausted
49
Thomas Eakins
- American Painter who studies in Paris after the Civil War in Jean-Leon Gerome's studio
- Obsessed with the human body
50
The Gross Clinic
Thomas Eakins
- Portrait of Dr Gross, a surgeon
- Exhibited in the Centennial Exhibition but could not exhibit in the art section, considered too gorey and instead is placed in the medical section
51
Winslow Homer
American painter and watercolorist
Known for depictions of post Civil War paintings and watercolor seascapes
52
Veteran in a New Field
Winslow Homer
- Farmer using scythe to cut down wheat fields represents death
- Thousands of soldiers in the war were killed in wheat fields
- Questioned how they could best integrate veterans back into society
53
Prisoners From the Front
Winslow Homer
- Aftermath of the Siege of Petersburg which was a turning point in the war
- Idea of being defiant even after the Civil War
54
Looking Out To Sea
Winslow Homer
- Homer moved to small town called Cullercoats
- Intrigued about the women there, painted much of theirs lives and lives of fisher men
- Depicts the women as powerful and self sufficient
55
Life Size Black Bass
Winslow Homer
- Inspired by Japanese ukiyo-e prints
- Life size close up of black bass in watercolor
56
Jaques Louis Daguerre
- Creates the first commercial camera called Daguerrotype
57
Alexander Gardner
- Photographer who worked under Brady but never received credits for his work
- Photographed many Civil War images
58
In the Devil's Den
- Alexander Gardner
- Photograph of fallen solider
- Body did not die in this position but was dragged and posed to exaggerate the horrors of war
59
Carleton Watkins
- American photographer best known for his images of the American landscape
- Led to the conservation of National Parks
60
Nadar
Photographer knows to photograph famous celebs
61
ukiyo-e prints
- Japanese prints that were popular in Japan and cheap to make
- Included topics of entertainment, pleasure, and the natural world
62
Kabuki
Classical Japanese dance-drama performed by exclusively men known for its elaborate make-up style and popularity
63
Thirty-Six Views of Mount Fuji
Hokusai
- Series of ukiyo-e prints that showed Mount Fuji
- Focus on connections between heaven and earth
- Use of Prussian Blue imported from Europe
64
The Great Wave
Hokusai
- ukiyo-e print
- Part of Thirty-Six Views of Mount Fuji
- About the power of nature, will the men in the boat be consumed by nature
65
53 Stations of Tokaido Road
Hiroshige
- Series of prints where he went on a trip and drew places he saw
- Combines landscapes with entertaining views of people
66
Shunga Prints
- Japaenese prints focusing on erotica work that was ultimately banned in 1722
67
Impressionism
Artist movement that rejects traditional academic painting and emphasizes capturing the subject quickly
- Artists typically painted en plein air
- include everyday leisure activities and urban living
68
en plein air
Painting outdoors in nature without preliminary sketches or drawings
69
color theory
- Discovered by Michel Eugene Chevreul
- Law that defines contrast of color and how colors look when placed next to each other
70
Impressionists Exhibition
Originally called the Anonymous Society of Painters, Sculptors, Engravers, they exhibited work in Nadar's old studio and took the name Impressionists later on (it was originally an insult)
71
Claude Monet
First founders of the Impressionist movement who painted en plein air
Monet learned academically but rejected it, inspired by Turner
72
Impression Sunrise
Claude Monet
Most known painting
73
Gare St. Lazare
Monet
Series of paintings that capture the same subject under different lighting conditions
74
Giverny
Claude Monet
The small town that Monet moves to and settles down, he creates a beautiful garden that will become the subject of all his paintings moving forward
Garden is very inspired by Japanese prints
75
Rainy Day, Paris
Gustave Caillebotte
Painting of the world of modern day Paris, including the world of flaneurs and boulevardiers
76
Moulin de la Galette
Pierre-Auguste Renoir
Painted en plein air and shows the variety of different classes mingling
77
Luncheon of the Boating Party
Renoir
Did not make prep drawings for this, everybody in the painting is real and can be identified
78
Luncheon of the Boating Party
Renoir
Did not make prep drawings for this, everybody in the painting is real and can be identified
79
Edgar Degas
Impressionist painter known for his paintings of ballerinas
80
Day at the Races
Edgar Degas
- fascinated with horses and racing
- Background scale is technically wrong, inspired by ukiyo-e prints
81
Ballet Rehearsal
Degas
- Most common subjects were ballerina dancers
- Ballerina dancers had rigorous lifestyles, despite their glamorization by Degas
- Most were also prostitutes
82
Portrait of Mary Cassatt
Degas
- Degas and Cassatt were good friends and he would often use her as a model for many paintings
83
Berthe Morisot
Successful woman painter, Manet's sister in law, usually painted domestic scenes and landscapes since women were limited
84
Mary Cassat
Successful woman American painter and was the only American painter to exhibit with the Impressionists
85
The Blue Armchair
Mary Cassat
- About modern life, perspective very influenced by ukiyo-e prints
- Degas encouraged her to exhibit with the Impressionists
86
La Loge
Mary Cassat
One of two paintings about modern life in Paris, is about being seen to viewers
87
In the Loge
Mary Cassat
One of two paintings about modern life in Paris, portrait of herself observing the opera
88
The Bath
Mary Cassat
- Specialized in images of women and children because other subjects were not available to her
89
Cosmopolitanism
era in painting where Paris became the center of the art world and artists goal was the learn in Paris
90
James Abbot McNeil Whistler
"American" painter that mainly painted in Europe and rejects the notion that art needed to be based on depicting nature accurately
91
Aesthetic Movement
Led by JAM Whistler
Idea that art doesn't have to have a moral or social meaning and that art can just look pretty for the sake of being pretty
92
Caprice in Purple and Gold
Whistler
Painting of European in kimono looking at Japanese prints
Displays that western art was heavily influenced by ukiyo-e prints
93
Nocturne in Blue and Silver
Whistler
Typically used musical titles
94
Arrangement in Grey and Black No 1
Whistler
- Painting of his mother, did not have good reaction from critics, Whistler was more interested in the composition he set up
- Later became an image of motherhood, though that was not Whistler's intention
95
Nocturne in Black and Gold, The Falling Rocket
Whistler
- Most infamous painting because of a lawsuit against John Ruskin
- Ruskin accused Whistler of "flinging a pot of paint in public's face"
- Whistler wins the lawsuit but doesn't receive damages and becomes bankrupt
- Later sells this painting for four times original asking price
96
John Singer Sargent
- American painter born in Florence
- Renown portrait painter and great watercolorist
- Known for "Madame X" portrait
97
Dr. Samuel Pozzi
Sargent
- Portrait of Dr. Samuel Pozzi dressed entirely in red
- Inspired/influenced by grand manner portraiture
- Placement of hands important, signifies elegance and delicacy
98
Madame X
Sargent
- Very controversial painting that essential ends Sargent's career
- Originally painted with the dress strap off her shoulder to be more suggestive, but critics did not like this
99
Carnation, Lily, Lily, Rose
Sargent
- painting of two little girls in flower fields
- only painted in twilight, painted en plein air and wet on wet
100
The Daughters of Edward Darley Boit
Sargent
- Family portrait of the daughters of the Boit family
- Bizarre painting not received well by critics
- Was looking at Velasquez
101
Cecilia Beaux
- Woman American painter that was successful portrait painter
- Painted at the same time as Sargent and competed
- Notably painted American elite, presidents, and important people
102
Man with a Cat
Cecilia Beaux
- Portrait of her brother
- Known for more free flowing brushwork
103
Sita and Sarita
Cecilia Beaux
- Black cat reference to Manet's Olympia
- Use of cooler undertones and understanding of how color works
104
Crystal Palace Exhibition
World exhibition to celebrate world's accomplishments in one place, including arts, technologies, industries
