Arrhythmias

Question 1

*

Defining characteristics of ventricular tachycardia

Answer 1

• Usually caused by ischemic heart disease
• ectopic foci take over as pacemaker
• Single or multiple foci and sustained or nonsustained
• Very rapid rate leads to reduced cardiac output
• Stable: pulse
• Unstable: pulseless

Question 2

Tx for stable v tach

Answer 2

antidysrhythmic and cardioversion

Question 3

Tx for unstable v tach

Answer 3

CPR and defibrillation

Question 4

Ventricular bigeminy

Answer 4

Normal beat followed by PVC
Caffeine, alcohol, electrolyte imbalance, hypoxia, dehydration, stress, lack of sleep

Question 5

Anticoagulation for a fib

Answer 5

• anticoagulants needed if it has been more than 48 hours due to potential clot formation
• start anticoagulation before cardioversion to prevent dislodging of a clot

Question 6

Progressive first degree AV block

Answer 6

Delay in transmission of impulse through AV node (long PR interval)
Do not give beta blockers because they slow nodal conduction

Question 7

Actions for someone who is hypotensive and bradycardic

Answer 7

Stop relevant meds (beta blockers)
* IV atropine
* set up for transcutaneous pacing
* possible dopamine infusion
* have crash cart ready

Question 8

PVCs causes and outcomes

Answer 8

• Stress
• Hypoxia
• Low K
• Low mag
• High Calcium
• Stimulants
• Can reduce CO in diseased hearts causing angina and heart failure