aromaticity

Question 1

oxidation in terms of electrons

Answer 1

loss of electrons

Question 2

oxidation in terms of oxygen

Answer 2

gain of oxygen

Question 3

oxidation in terms of hydrogen

Answer 3

loss of hydrogen

Question 4

reduction in terms of electrons

Answer 4

gain of electrons

Question 5

reduction in terms of oxygen

Answer 5

loss of oxygen

Question 6

reduction in terms of hydrogen

Answer 6

gain of hydrogen

Question 7

enzyme involved in oxidation of ethanol

Answer 7

ethanol dehydrogenase

Question 8

enzyme involved in oxidation of ethanal

Answer 8

ethanal dehydrogenase

Question 9

mild oxidant example

Answer 9

PCC (Pyridinium chlorochromate)

Question 10

what does PCC oxidise

Answer 10

primary alcohols to aldehydes (in the presence of an acid chloride)

Question 11

strong oxidant example

Answer 11

KMnO4, potassium permanganate (in the presence of acid acetone)

Question 12

what does KMnO4 oxidise

Answer 12

primary alcohol to carboxylic acid

Question 13

which oxidant is needed to oxidise an aldehyde to a carboxylic acid

Answer 13

strong oxidant

Question 14

which oxidant is needed to oxidise a secondary alcohol to ketone

Answer 14

either mild/strong oxidant

Question 15

oxidant used for dihydroxylation of an alkene

Answer 15

OsO4, osmium tetroxide

Question 16

reactant used in dihydroxylation of an alkene

Answer 16

H2O2

Question 17

what kind of addition is the dihydroxylation of an alkene and why

Answer 17

syn - both alcohols attack the same face as alkene is sp2 and flat

Question 18

what kind of oxidant is mCPBA (meta chloroperbenzoic acid)

Answer 18

strong oxidant

Question 19

what does mCPBA oxidise an alkene into

Answer 19

an epoxide

Question 20

what happens to ethyl oleate when exposed to oxygen

Answer 20

oxygen radicals can attack and forms of PEROXIDE which decomposes to an alpha beta unsaturated ketone which is toxic

Question 21

mild reducing agent example

Answer 21

NaBH4 (in the presence of ethanol and acid)

Question 22

what does NaBH4 reduce

Answer 22

aldehydes to a primary alcohol

Question 23

strong oxidising agent example

Answer 23

LiAlH4 (presence of Et2O as a solvent)

Question 24

what can LiAlH4 reduce

Answer 24

ester to primary alcohol

Question 25

which carbonyls require a mild reducing agent

Answer 25

more reactive carbonyls

Question 26

which carbonyls require a strong reducing agent

Answer 26

less reactive carbonyls

Question 27

what does the reduction of an alkene result in

Answer 27

alkane

Question 28

what are the reactants and conditions for the reduction of an alkene

Answer 28

H2 and a Pd/C catalyst

Question 29

what kind of addition is the reduction of an alkene

Answer 29

syn, both Hs delivered to the same face

Question 30

what happens when an alkyne reacts with H2 and a lindlar catalyst

Answer 30

only the first hydrogenation occurs, and a CIS ALKENE is formed

Question 31

what is a lindlar catalyst

Answer 31

a poisoned flat surface catalyst

Question 32

what is a nitro group reduced to

Answer 32

an amine

Question 33

what does a nitrobenzene need to react with to be reduced

Answer 33

H2 and Pd/C catalyst

Question 34

what does nature use to reduce carboxylic acids

Answer 34

NADH/ NADPH