Army (in 1st century B.C.) Flashcards

1
Q

Century

A

100 men

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2
Q

Maniple

A

120 men

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3
Q

Cohort

A

360 men

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4
Q

Legion

A

3600 men

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5
Q

Contubernium

A

6-8 men who share a tent (part of a century)

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6
Q

dux

A

general

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7
Q

legatus

A

legionary commander

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8
Q

centurio

A

leader of a century

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9
Q

optio

A

2nd in command to a centurio

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10
Q

toga picta

A

worn by victorious generals

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11
Q

tesserae

A

passwords

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12
Q

signum

A

standard

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13
Q

signifier

A

holder of standard

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14
Q

aquila

A

silver eagle-standard (of a legion)

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15
Q

aquilifer

A

holder of the eagle

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16
Q

cornicen

A

horn blower

17
Q

vexillum

A

flag

18
Q

pedites

A

infantry

19
Q

equites

A

cavalry

20
Q

scorpio

A

dart thrower (standing crossbow used by one man)

21
Q

ballista

A

dart or stone throwing siege engine, larger than a scorpio

22
Q

onager

A

siege engine (like a catapult), threw boulders; means “wild ass” for its kick

23
Q

catapulta

A

siege engine which hurled javelins

24
Q

gladius

A

sword

25
Q

scutum

A

shield

26
Q

galea

A

leather helmet

27
Q

cassis

A

metal helmet

28
Q

pilum

A

spear

29
Q

hasta

A

javalin (used by triarii and hastati)

30
Q

lorica

A

leather breastplate

31
Q

cingulum

A

military belt

32
Q

caligae

A

boots

33
Q

sarcina

A

soldier’s cloak/ blanket

34
Q

pugio

A

dagger