Arms Race

Question 1

Gaither report

Answer 1

1957 internal report stating that the USSR had missle supremacy over the USA

Question 2

Rise in arms

Answer 2

Proliferation of nuclear arms to have detterent against super power nations

Question 3

Space race

Answer 3

Incredibly symoblic win for USA in 60’s despite Soviet success in the 50’s with Sputnik

Question 4

Building of Berlin wall

Answer 4

1969

Question 5

Berlin Crisis Background

Answer 5

1958-61
- Tensions incredibly high between both nations
- German importance, West Germany demanded Nato protection due to Soviet expansionism in Europe
- Berlin Blockade increased tensions further
- Khrushchev cannot lose Berlin due to it’s symbolism

Question 6

Berlin Within

Answer 6

• East German Leadership unhappy with how West Germany was handeled, East Germany increasing pressure on USSR to take Berlin

Question 7

Berlin Ultimatum in 1958

Answer 7

Speech by Khrushchev demanding west pull their forces out of Berlin

Question 8

1961 checkpoint Charlie

Answer 8

Standoff in Berlin backing down cm per cm whilst on gov hotline between Khrushchev and Kenedy

Question 9

Paris peace summit

1960

Answer 9

Key things
- Bans nuclear missles in Cuba
- Calm down nuclear development
- Russians shot down spy plane, demand formal apology
- Khruschchev thought he he could influence Kenedy, Khrushchev loses respect for him
- All factors cumulated in the escalation of tensions in Germany

Question 10

East German discrepencies

Answer 10

USSR faced heavy pressure to remove the brain drain, Soviet and ulbrich need redevelopment of Eastern economy

Question 11

Vienna conference

Answer 11

Off the back of the U-2 Incident, Americans don’t have ideological superiority

Question 12

Berlin Wall

Answer 12

August 13 1961 built up, trains closed East and West Berlin officaly divided

Question 13

Impacts of wall

Answer 13

• Depressurised on the long term
• West won ideologically
• Checkpoint charlie flashpoint catalyst