ARMAMENTARIUM (bajads) Flashcards
What are the ARMAMENTARIUM?
→ syringe
→ needle
→ cartridge
vehicle whereby the content of the anesthetic cartridge is delivered through the needle to the patient
A. syringe
B. needle
C. cartridge
A
T/F
CRITERIA FOR SELECTING A LOCAL ANESTHETIC SYRINGE (ADA)
- It must be durable and able to withstand repeated sterilization without damage
T
T/F
CRITERIA FOR SELECTING A LOCAL ANESTHETIC SYRINGE (ADA)
It should be capable of accepting a wide variety of cartridges and needles of different manufacture and should permit repeated use
T
T/F
CRITERIA FOR SELECTING A LOCAL ANESTHETIC SYRINGE (ADA)
It should be inexpensive, self-contained, lightweight, and simple to use with one hand
T
T/F
CRITERIA FOR SELECTING A LOCAL ANESTHETIC SYRINGE (ADA)
It should provide effective aspiration and can be constructed so that blood may be easily observed in the cartridge
T
TYPES OF SYRINGES [4]
→ non disposable syringes
→ disposable syringes
→ safety syringes
→ computer-controlled local anesthetic delivery systems (C-CLAD)
non disposable syringes are? [5]
o breech-loading, metallic, cartridge-type aspirating
o breech-loading, plastic, cartridge-type aspirating
o breech-loading, metallic, cartridge-type self-aspirating
o pressure syringe (for PDL injection)
o jet injector (needle less syringe)
the most commonly used syringe in dentistry
A. breech-loading, metallic, cartridge-type aspirating
B. breech-loading, plastic, cartridge-type aspirating
C. breech-loading, metallic, cartridge-type self-aspirating
D. pressure syringe (for PDL injection)
E. jet injector (needle less syringe)
A
→ reusable
→ autoclavable or chemically sterilizable
A. breech-loading, metallic, cartridge-type aspirating
B. breech-loading, plastic, cartridge-type aspirating
C. breech-loading, metallic, cartridge-type self-aspirating
D. pressure syringe (for PDL injection)
E. jet injector (needle less syringe)
B
use the elasticity of the diaphragm of the cartridge to obtain
necessary negative pressure
A. breech-loading, metallic, cartridge-type aspirating
B. breech-loading, plastic, cartridge-type aspirating
C. breech-loading, metallic, cartridge-type self-aspirating
D. pressure syringe (for PDL injection)
E. jet injector (needle less syringe)
C
a major factor is the gauge of the needle
A. breech-loading, metallic, cartridge-type aspirating
B. breech-loading, plastic, cartridge-type aspirating
C. breech-loading, metallic, cartridge-type self-aspirating
D. pressure syringe (for PDL injection)
E. jet injector (needle less syringe)
C
for periodontal ligament injection
A. breech-loading, metallic, cartridge-type aspirating
B. breech-loading, plastic, cartridge-type aspirating
C. breech-loading, metallic, cartridge-type self-aspirating
D. pressure syringe (for PDL injection)
E. jet injector (needle less syringe)
D
primary purpose is to obtain topical anesthesia, like in the
palate
A. breech-loading, metallic, cartridge-type aspirating
B. breech-loading, plastic, cartridge-type aspirating
C. breech-loading, metallic, cartridge-type self-aspirating
D. pressure syringe (for PDL injection)
E. jet injector (needle less syringe)
E
introduced by Figge and Scherer in 1947 (needle-less injection)
A. breech-loading, metallic, cartridge-type aspirating
B. breech-loading, plastic, cartridge-type aspirating
C. breech-loading, metallic, cartridge-type self-aspirating
D. pressure syringe (for PDL injection)
E. jet injector (needle less syringe)
E
most often used for IM or IV drug administration
DISPOSABLE SYRINGES
contain a Luer-Lok screw-on needle attachment with no
aspirating tip
DISPOSABLE SYRINGES
not recommended for routine use
DISPOSABLE SYRINGES
minimize the risk of an accidental needlestick injury
SAFETY SYRINGES
possess a sheath that locks over the needle when it is not used
SAFETY SYRINGES
designed to improve on the ergonomics and precision
COMPUTER CONTROLLED LOCAL ANESTHETIC DELIVERY SYSTEMS (C-CLAD)
flow rate of LA delivery is computer controlled
COMPUTER CONTROLLED LOCAL ANESTHETIC DELIVERY SYSTEMS (C-CLAD)
a lightweight handpiece, held in a pen-like grasp, provides
tactile sensation and control compared with the traditional
syringe
COMPUTER CONTROLLED LOCAL ANESTHETIC DELIVERY SYSTEMS (C-CLAD)
ex.: The Wand STA System, Dentapen, Anaject
COMPUTER CONTROLLED LOCAL ANESTHETIC DELIVERY SYSTEMS (C-CLAD)
T/ F
CARE AND HANDLING OF SYRINGES
Syringe should be washed and rinsed after each use. It should be autoclaved in the same manner as other surgical instruments
T
T/ F
CARE AND HANDLING OF SYRINGES
After every 5 autoclavings, it should be dismantled and all threaded joints should be lightly lubricated
T
T/ F
CARE AND HANDLING OF SYRINGES
The harpoon should be cleaned with a brush after each use
T
T/ F
CARE AND HANDLING OF SYRINGES
Replace harpoon once it fails to embed with the rubber
stopper
T
PROBLEMS WITH SYRINGes [4]
Leakage during injection
Broken cartridge
Disengagement of the harpoon from the plunger during aspiration
Surface deposits
vehicle that permits local anesthetic solution to travel from the dental cartridge into the tissues surrounding the needle tip
NEEDLE
vehicle that permits local anesthetic solution to travel from the dental cartridge into the tissues surrounding the needle tip
NEEDLE
stainless steel and disposable
NEEDLE
represent the most fear-inducing component of the local
anesthetic armamentarium
NEEDLE
Fear of needles is termed as.
trypanophobia
weakest part of the needle
hub
the point or tip of the needle
BEVEL
provide a cutting surface allowing the needle to penetrate
mucosa with as little resistance as possible
BEVEL
KINDS OF BEVELS [5]
→ short
→ medium
→ long
→ multi-beveled
→ scalpel
produces the most effective puncture while eliciting the least amount of trauma
multi-beveled
allows needle insertion with less tissue displacement, thus
requiring less force to penetrate the mucosa
scalpel
recommended for infiltration and periodontal ligament
(PDL) injections
scalpel
not recommended for nerve blocks where the nerve may be
directly contacted
scalpel
T/ F
The greater the angle of the bevel with the long axis of the needle, the greater will be the degree of deflection as the needle passes through hydrocolloid (or the soft tissues of the mouth). A needle tip centered on the long axis will deflect to a lesser extent than a beveled-point needle, whose point is eccentrically situated
T
refers to the diameter of the lumen of the needle
GAUGE
diameter of its lumen
SHAFT
plastic or metal piece through which the needle attaches to the syringe
HUB
weakest or fragile component of the needle
HUB
extends through the needle adaptor and perforates the diaphragm of the local anesthetic cartridge
CARTRIDGE-PENETRATING END
technique in which the operator rotates the handpiece or needle in a back-and-forth rotational movement while advancing the needle through the soft tissue
BIROTATIONAL INSERTION TECHNIQUE (BRIT)
deflection of the needle as it passes through soft tissue is a consideration when a needle must penetrate a greater thickness of soft tissue
MINIMIZING NEEDLE DEFLECTION
“PROBLEMS WITH NEEDLES [3]
Pain on insertion
Breakage
Pain on withdrawal
Name?
synthesized procaine hydrochloride in powdered form
Alfred Einhorn (1905)
Name?
made and patented the carpule and invented the brass syringe
Harvey S. Cook (1920)
COMPONENTS of THE CARTRIDGE [4]
→ cylindrical glass tube
→ stopper (plunger, bung)
→ aluminum cap
→ diaphragm
receives the harpoon of the aspirating syringe
STOPPER
CARTRIDGE CONTENTS [6]
LOCAL ANESTHETIC DRUG
SODIUM CHLORIDE
STERILE WATER
VASOPRESSOR OR VASOCONSTRICTOR DRUG
SODIUM (META)BISULFITE
METHYLPARABEN
→ main function is blockade of nerve conduction
→ listed by its percentage concentration
A. LOCAL ANESTHETIC DRUG
B. SODIUM CHLORIDE
C. STERILE WATER
D. VASOPRESSOR OR VASOCONSTRICTOR DRUG
E. SODIUM (META)BISULFITE
F. METHYLPARABEN
A
stable and capable of being autoclaved, heated, or boiled
without breaking down
A. LOCAL ANESTHETIC DRUG
B. SODIUM CHLORIDE
C. STERILE WATER
D. VASOPRESSOR OR VASOCONSTRICTOR DRUG
E. SODIUM (META)BISULFITE
F. METHYLPARABEN
A
to make the solution isotonic with the tissues of the body
A. LOCAL ANESTHETIC DRUG
B. SODIUM CHLORIDE
C. STERILE WATER
D. VASOPRESSOR OR VASOCONSTRICTOR DRUG
E. SODIUM (META)BISULFITE
F. METHYLPARABEN
B
used as a diluent to provide volume of solution
A. LOCAL ANESTHETIC DRUG
B. SODIUM CHLORIDE
C. STERILE WATER
D. VASOPRESSOR OR VASOCONSTRICTOR DRUG
E. SODIUM (META)BISULFITE
F. METHYLPARABEN
C
function:
o to increase safety and duration of depth of action of the
local anesthetic
A. LOCAL ANESTHETIC DRUG
B. SODIUM CHLORIDE
C. STERILE WATER
D. VASOPRESSOR OR VASOCONSTRICTOR DRUG
E. SODIUM (META)BISULFITE
F. METHYLPARABEN
D
→ function:
o antioxidant
→ prevents oxidation of the vasoconstrictor by oxygen
A. LOCAL ANESTHETIC DRUG
B. SODIUM CHLORIDE
C. STERILE WATER
D. VASOPRESSOR OR VASOCONSTRICTOR DRUG
E. SODIUM (META)BISULFITE
F. METHYLPARABEN
E
possesses bacteriostatic, fungistatic, and antioxidant properties
A. LOCAL ANESTHETIC DRUG
B. SODIUM CHLORIDE
C. STERILE WATER
D. VASOPRESSOR OR VASOCONSTRICTOR DRUG
E. SODIUM (META)BISULFITE
F. METHYLPARABEN
F
removed because:
o dental cartridges are single-use items
o reports of repeated exposure led to increased allergic
reactions
A. LOCAL ANESTHETIC DRUG
B. SODIUM CHLORIDE
C. STERILE WATER
D. VASOPRESSOR OR VASOCONSTRICTOR DRUG
E. SODIUM (META)BISULFITE
F. METHYLPARABEN
F
PROBLEMS WITH CARTRIDGES [8]
→ bubble in the cartridge
→ extruded stopper
→ burning upon injection
→ sticky stopper
→ corroded cap
→ “rust” on the cap
→ leakage during injection
→ broken cartridge
