Arm, Forearm, and Hand Flashcards
Biceps Long Head
Origin: supraglenoid tubercle of scapula
Insertion: tuberosity of radius and bicipital aponeurosis into deep fascia of elbow
Nerve: musculocutaneous nerve
Action: supinator of forearm and flexor of elbow joint; weak flexor of shoulder joint
Biceps Short Head
Origin: coracoid process of scapula
Insertion: tuberosity of radius and bicipital aponeurosis into deep fascia of forearm
Nerve: musculocutaneous nerve
Action: supinator of forearm and flexor of elbow joint; weak flexor of shoulder joint
Coracobrachialis
Origin: coracoid process of scapula
Insertion: medial aspect of shaft of humerus
Nerve: musculocutaneous nerve
Action: flexes arm and also process of weak adducator
Brachialis
Origin: front and lower half of humerus
Insertion: coracoid process of ulna
nerve: musculocutaneous nerve
Action: flexes elbow joint
Triceps Long Head
Origin: infraglenoid tubercle of scapula
Insertion: olecranon process of ulna
Nerve: radial nerve
Action: extensor of elbow joint
Triceps Medial Head
Origin: lower half of posterior surface of shaft of humerus
Insertion: olecranon process of ulna
Nerve: radial nerve
Action: extensor of elbow joint
Triceps Lateral
Origin: upper half of posterior surface of shaft of humerus
Insertion: olecranon process of ulna
Nerve: radial nerve
Action: extensor of elbow joint
Pronator Teres Humeral Head
Origin: medial epicondyle of humerus
Insertion: lateral aspect of shaft of radius
Nerve: median nerve
Action: pronation and flexion of forearm
Pronator Teres Ulnar Head
Origin: medial border of coronoid process of ulna
Insertion: lateral aspect of shaft of radius
Nerve: median nerve
Action: flexion and extension of forearm
Flexor Carpi Radialis
Origin: medial epicondyle of humerus
Insertion: bases of second and third metacarpal bones
Nerve: median nerve
Action: flexes and abducts had at wrist joint
Palmaris Longus
Origin: medial epicondyle of humerus
Insertion: flexor retinaculum and palmar aponeurosis
Nerve: median nerve
Action: flexes hand
Flexor Carpi Ulnaris Humeral Head
Origin: medial epicondyle of humerus
Insertion: pisiform bone, hook of the hamate, base at fifth metacarpal bone
Nerve: ulnar nerve
Action: flexes and adducts hand at wrist joint
Flexor Carpi Ulnaris Ulnar Head
Origin: medial aspect of olecranon process and posterior border of ulna
Insertion: pisiform bone, hook of the hamate, base at fifth metacarpal bone
Nerve: ulnar nerve
Action: flexes and adducts hand at wrist joint
Flexor Digitorum Superficialis Humeroulnar Head
Origin: medial epicondyle of humerus and middle border of coronoid process of ulna
Insertion: middle phalanx of medial four fingers
Nerve: median nerve
Action: flexes middle phalanx of fingers and assists in flexing proximal phalanx and hand
Flexor Digitorum Superficialis Radial Head
Origin: oblique line on anterior surface of shaft of radius
Insertion: middle phalanx of medial four fingers
Nerve: median nerve
Action: flexes middle phalanx of fingers and assists in flexing proximal phalanx and hand
Flexor Pollicis Longus
Origin: anterior aspect of shaft of radius
Insertion: distal phalanx of thumb
Nerve: anterior interosseous branch of median nerve
Action: flexes distal phalanx of thumb
Flexor Digitorum Profundus
Origin: anteromedial aspect of shaft of ulna
Insertion: distal phalanx of medial four fingers
Nerve: ulnar (medial half) and median (lateral half) nerves
Action: flexes distal phalanx of fingers; then assists in flexion of middle and proximal phalanges and wrist
Pronator Quadratus
Origin: anterior surface of shaft of ulna
Insertion: anterior surface of shaft of radius
Nerve: anterior interosseous branch of median nerve
Action: pronates forearm
Brachioradialis
Origin: lateral supracondylar ridge of humerus
Insertion: base of styloid process of radius
Nerve: radial nerve
Action: flexes forearm at ridge of humerus, elbow joint, rotates forearm to the midprone position
Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus
Origin: lateral supracondylar ridge of humerus
Insertion: posterior surface of base of second metacarpal bone
Nerve: radial nerve
Action: flexes and abducts hand at wrist joint
Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis
Origin: lateral epicondyle of humerus
Insertion: posterior surface of base of third metacarpal bone
Nerve: deep branch of radial nerve
Action: extends and abducts hand at wrist joint
Extensor Digitorum
Origin: lateral epicondyle of humerus
Insertion: middle and distal phalanges of medial four fingers
Nerve: deep branch of radial nerve
Action: extends fingers and hand
Extensor Digiti Minimi
Origin: lateral epicondyle of humerus
Insertion: extensor expansion of little finger
Nerve: deep branch of radial nerve
Action: extends metacarpal phalangeal joint of little finger
Extensor Carpi Ulnaris
Origin: lateral epicondyle of humerus
Insertion: base of fifth metacarpal bone
Nerve: deep branch of radial nerve
Action: extends and adducts hand at wrist joint
Anconeus
Origin: lateral epicondyle of humerus
Insertion: lateral surface of olecranon process of ulna
Nerve: radial nerve
Action: extends elbow joint
Supinator
Origin: lateral epicondyle of humerus, anular ligament of proximal radioulnar joint, and ulna
Insertion: neck and shaft of radius
Nerve: deep branch of radial nerve
Action: supination of forearm
Abductor Pollicis Longus
Origin: posterior surface of shafts of radius and ulna
Insertion: base of first metacarpal bone
Nerve: deep branch of radial nerve
Action: abducts and extends thumb
Extensor Pollicis Brevis
Origin: posterior surface of shaft of radius
Insertion: base of proximal phalanx of thumb
Nerve: deep branch of radial nerve
Action: extends metacarpophalangeal joints of thumb
Extensor Pollicis Longus
Origin: posterior surface of shaft of ulna
Insertion: base of distal phalanx of thumb
Nerve: deep branch of radial nerve
Action: extends distal phalanx of thumb
Extensor Indicis
Origin: posterior surface of shaft of ulna
Insertion: extensor expansion of index finger
Nerve: deep branch of radial nerve
Action: extends metacarpophalangeal joint of index finger
Palmaris Brevis
Origin: flexor retinaculum and palmar aponeurosis
Insertion: skin of palm
Nerve: superficial branch of ulnar nerve
Action: corrugates skin to improve grip of palm
Lumbricals
Origin: tendon of flexor digitorum profundus
Insertion: extensor expansion of medial four fingers
Nerve: first and second (lateral two) median nerve; third and fourth deep branch of ulnar nerve
Action: flex metacarpophalangeal joints and extends interphalangeal joints of fingers except thumb
Palmar Interossei (4)
Origin: first arises from base of first metacarpal; remaining three from anterior surface of shafts of second, fourth, and fifth metacarpals
Insertion: proximal phalanges of thumb and index, ring, and little fingers; dorsal extensor expansion of each finger
Nerve: deep branch of ulnar nerve
Action: adducts fingers toward center of third finger
Dorsal Interossei (4)
Origin: contiguous sides of shafts of metacarpal bones
Insertion: proximal phalanges of index, ring, and little fingers; dorsal extensor expansion
Nerve: deep branch of ulnar nerve
Action: abducts metacarpal fingers from center of third finger; both palmar and dorsal flex metacarpophalangeal joints and extend interphalangeal joints
Abductor Pollicis Brevis
Origin: scaphoid, trapezium, flexor retinaculum
Insertion: base of proximal phalanx of thumb
Nerve: median nerve
Action: abduction of thumb
Flexor Pollicis Brevis
Origin: flexor retinaculum
Insertion: base of proximal phalanx of thumb
Nerve: median nerve
Action: flexes metacarpophalangeal joint of thumb
Opponens Pollicis
Origin: flexor retinaculum
Insertion: shaft of metacarpal bone of thumb
Nerve: median nerve
Action: pulls thumb medially and forward across palm
Adductor Pollicis
Origin: oblique head, second and third metacarpal bones, transverse head, third metacarpal bone
Insertion: base of proximal phalanx of thumb
Nerve: deep branch of ulnar nerve
Action: adduction of thumb
Abductor Digiti Minimi
Origin: pisiform bone
Insertion: base of proximal phalanx of little finger
Nerve: deep branch of ulnar nerve
Action: abducts little finger
Flexor Digiti Minimi
Origin: flexor retinaculum
Insertion: base of proximal phalanx of little finger
Nerve: deep branch of ulnar nerve
Action: flexes little finger
Opponens Digiti Minimi
Origin: flexor retinaculum
Insertion: medial border of fifth metacarpal bone
Nerve: deep branch of ulnar nerve
Action: pulls fifth metacarpal bone forward as in cupping the palm
