Arm and Forearm pathology

Question 1

Monteggia fracture

Answer 1

• Fracture of proximal 3rd of ulna shaft
• Anterior dislocation of radial head at capitellum
• May cause deep branch of radial nerve palsy →
weak finger extension but no sensory loss

Question 2

Galleazzi fracture

Answer 2

• Fracture of radial shaft between mid and distal 3rds

* Dislocation of distal radio-ulna joint

Question 3

Unstable fractures

Answer 3

• Adults: ORIF

- Children: MUA + above elbow plaster to prevent supination

Question 4

Gunstock Deformity

Answer 4

• Valgus, varus and rotational deformities in the coronal plane do not remodel and causes cubitus varus

Question 5

Wrist drop

Answer 5

Radial nerve

Question 6

Juvenile idiopathic arthritis

Answer 6

• Under age of 16
• lasting more than 3 months
• Joint pain and swelling in large joints
• can have limp
• can be ANA +ve

Question 7

Medial epicondyle fracture nerve injury

Answer 7

Ulnar nerve

Question 8

head of radius

Answer 8

Posterior interosseous nerve palsy

• Finger drop - Can’t extend
• No sensory loss or wrist drop

Question 9

Ulnar paradox

Answer 9

Lesion at elbow has less clawing as FDP is paralysed, decreasing flexion of 4th/5th digits.

Question 10

Injury at the Wrist

Answer 10

Typically affects abductor pollicis brevis - okay sign