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Anatomy Weeks 3-4 (+ Histology) > arm and cubital fossa > Flashcards

arm and cubital fossa Flashcards

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1
Q

veins run blood in which direction?

A

up / back to heart

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2
Q

if a nerve is running beneath a muscle, that means the nerve usually …

A

innervates that muscle

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3
Q
A
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4
Q
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5
Q
A
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6
Q

if a nerve is running on top of a muscle, that means the nerve usually …

A

does not innervate the muscle, instead may innervate a different muscle superficial to the nerve, or innervate the skin

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7
Q

why do nerves usually run beneath the muscle they innervate?

A

to protect the nerve

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8
Q

define “recurrent artery”

A

an artery that is traveling back up the arm after already going down

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9
Q

musculocutaneous nerve

  1. location
  2. origination
  3. innervates
  4. becomes
A
  1. anterior arm
  2. from lateral cord
  3. innervates all muscles in FLEXOR compartment (biceps brachii, brachialis, coracobrachialis)
  4. pops out of muscle farther down and becomes lateral antebrachial cutaneous nerve (innervates skin on lateral forearm)

(carries motor info in arm, sensory info in forearm)

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10
Q

medial brachial cutaneous nerve

  1. innervates
A
  1. skin of medial upper arm
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11
Q

medial antebrachial cutaneous nerve

  1. originates
  2. innervates
A
  1. from medial cord of brachial plexus
  2. innervates skin of medial forearm
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12
Q

median nerve

  1. travels through
  2. crosses
  3. innervates
A
  1. medial compartment without innervating anything
  2. crosses cubit
  3. innervates muscles in forearm and hand
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13
Q

ulnar nerve

  1. travels in which direction
  2. crosses behind
  3. innervates
A
  1. travels medially
  2. crosses behind medial epicondyle (funny bone)
  3. innervates muscles in forearm and hand
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14
Q

radial nerve

  1. location
  2. travels in
  3. innervates
  4. becomes
  5. which continues on to innervate
A
  1. posterior arm
  2. travels in radial groove on posterior humerus
  3. innervates POSTERIOR compartment of arm (triceps brachii, anconeus)
  4. becomes posterior interosseous nerve
  5. which continues on to innervate all muscles on posterior forearm
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15
Q

axillary nerve

  1. innervates
A
  1. deltoid and teres minor
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16
Q

brachial artery

  1. originates
  2. function
  3. becomes
  4. supplies
A
  1. axillary artery becomes brachial artery after passing lat dorsi tendon
  2. primary artery supplying the arm
  3. deep brachial artery
  4. supplies elbow anastomoses
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17
Q

deep brachial artery

  1. originates
  2. passes through
  3. supplies
A
  1. from brachial artery
  2. triangular interval space with radial nerve
  3. supplies posterior part of arm
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18
Q

define “elbow anastomosis”

A

redundancy in arteries so that if one artery is cut off, blood supply will still continue

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19
Q

muscles in shoulder move …

A

arm

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20
Q

muscles in arm move …

A

forearm

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21
Q

muscles in forearm move …

A

wrist and digits

22
Q

muscles in hand move …

A

digits

23
Q

biceps brachii

  1. short (medial) head of biceps brachii attachment
  2. long (lateral) head of biceps brachii attachment
  3. distal part of biceps brachii attachment
A
  1. coracoid process
  2. its ligament attaches to intertubercular groove, continues superiorly and also attaches to glenoid tubercle (top of glenoid fossa)
  3. long and short head merge and attach to radial tuberosity
24
Q

define “biceps aponeurosis”

A

part of biceps brachii

sheet of connective tissue that spreads medially out from distal end of muscle

25
Q

biceps brachii

~movements

A
  1. shoulder and elbow flexion
  2. forearm supination
26
Q

brachialis

  1. upper attachment
  2. crosses
  3. lower attachment
A
  1. a little over halfway up humerus
  2. crosses anterior elbow
  3. ulnar tuberosity
27
Q

brachialis

~movement

A

elbow flexion

28
Q

coracobrachialis

  1. location
  2. upper attachment
  3. lower attachment
A
  1. runs right beneath short head of biceps brachii
  2. attaches with short head of biceps brachii to coracoid process
  3. down on humerus
29
Q

coracobrachialis

~movement

A

shoulder flexion

30
Q

triceps brachii

  1. three heads
  2. one head crosses
  3. attachment of one head
  4. attachment of two heads
  5. their distal attachment after all merging
A
  1. long, lateral, medial (medial is beneath long head)
  2. long head crosses shoulder joint
  3. long head attaches to infraglenoid tubercle
  4. lateral and medial heads attach to humerus
  5. they merge onto triceps tendon, which attaches to olecranon process of ulna
31
Q

triceps brachii

~movements

A

shoulder and elbow extension

32
Q

anconeus

  1. first attachment
  2. second attachment
A
  1. lateral epicondyle of humerus
  2. olecranon process of ulna
33
Q

anconeus

~movement

A

accessory extensor of elbow

34
Q

most wrist extensors attach to …, except one attaches to …

A

lateral epicondyle

supercondular ridge (just above lateral epicondyle)

35
Q

most wrist flexors attach to …

A

medial epicondyle

36
Q

two main superficial veins in arm:

A
  1. cephalic vein (lateral)
  2. basilic vein (medial)
37
Q

vein that connects basilic vein to cephalic vein

  1. name
  2. what it runs through
A
  1. median cubital vein
  2. runs through cubit
38
Q

we can rotate our forearm (supination and pronation) bc of what bone?

A

radius, bc it spins

39
Q

annular ligament

  1. location
  2. function
A
  1. around head of radius
  2. allows motion but limits too much motion
40
Q

radial collateral ligament and ulnar collateral ligament

  1. function for elbow
  2. function for ulnar / humerus
  3. losing either one can cause
A
  1. holds elbow during flexion
  2. prevents ulnar / humerus from shifting side-to-side
  3. dislocation
41
Q

define “valgus angle”

A

natural angle of forearm outwards / laterally from elbow when in anatomical position

42
Q

lateral border of cubital fossa

A

brachioradialis

43
Q

medial border of cubital fossa

A

pronator teres

44
Q

superior border of cubital fossa

A

imaginary line between two epicondyles

45
Q

“floor” of cubital fossa

A

brachialis muscle (crosses elbow to go connect to ulnar tuberosity)

46
Q

cubital fossa (from lateral to medial)

  1. T(endon)
  2. A(rtery)
  3. N(erve)
A
  1. biceps brachii tendon
  2. brachial artery (before it splits into radial and ulnar)
  3. median nerve
47
Q

brachial fascia

~location

A

covers entire outer edges of arm compartments

48
Q

fascia that divides compartments inside of arm (3)

A
  1. lateral intermuscular septum
  2. medial intermuscular septum
  3. medial septum
49
Q

medial septum encloses which compartment?

A

neurovascular compartment

50
Q

anterior (flexor) compartment

  1. contains what muscle group
  2. contains three muscles
  3. all three muscles innervated by
A
  1. elbow flexors
  2. biceps brachii, brachialis, coracobrachialis
  3. musculocutaneous nerve
51
Q

posterior (extensor) compartment

  1. contains what muscle group
  2. contains two muscles
  3. both muscles innervated by
A
  1. elbow extensors
  2. triceps brachii, anconeus
  3. radial nerve

Anatomy Weeks 3-4 (+ Histology) (4 decks)

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